双语：国新办举行2021年全年进出口情况新闻发布会

国务院新闻办新闻局副局长、新闻发言人邢慧娜:

Xing Huina:

各位媒体朋友们，大家上午好！欢迎出席国务院新闻办新闻发布会。国新办近期将举办系列新闻发布会，发布2021年主要经济数据，今天是第一场，主要向大家介绍2021年全年进出口的有关情况，并回答大家感兴趣的问题。出席今天发布会的是海关总署新闻发言人、统计分析司司长李魁文先生。

Ladies and gentlemen, good morning! Welcome to this press conference held by the State Council Information Office (SCIO). The SCIO will be hosting a series of press conferences on China's annual economic data. The first press conference being held today will focus on China's import and export performance in 2021. We are delighted to be joined by Mr. Li Kuiwen, spokesperson of the General Administration of Customs (GACC) and director of the GACC's Department of Statistics & Analysis, who will introduce the situation and answer your questions.

下面，我们先请李魁文先生作情况介绍。

We will first invite Mr. Li Kuiwen to give a brief introduction.

海关总署新闻发言人、统计分析司司长李魁文:

Li Kuiwen:

女士们、先生们，各位记者朋友们，大家上午好！欢迎各位出席今天的新闻发布会，很高兴又和大家见面。下面我详细通报一下2021年我国外贸进出口情况，之后再回答大家关心的问题。

Ladies and gentlemen, friends from the media, good morning! Welcome to today's press conference. It's a great pleasure to meet with you again. Next, I'll begin by introducing China's import and export performance for 2021, and then answer your questions.

2021年，以习近平同志为核心的党中央沉着应对百年变局和世纪疫情，以高水平开放促进深层次改革，推动高质量发展，我国经济发展和疫情防控保持全球领先地位，外贸进出口实现较快增长，规模再创新高、质量稳步提升。据海关统计，2021年我国货物贸易进出口总值39.1万亿元人民币，比2020年增长21.4%。其中，出口21.73万亿元，增长21.2%；进口17.37万亿元，增长21.5%。与2019年相比，我国外贸进出口、出口、进口分别增长23.9%、26.1%、21.2%。2021年我国的外贸进出口具体呈现五方面的特点：

In 2021, with the world experiencing the combined impacts of major changes and a pandemic both unseen in a century, under the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, China has used high-level opening-up to promote deeper reform and stimulate high-quality growth. China has stayed ahead globally in terms of economic development and pandemic response, and maintained rapid growth in foreign trade, which registered a record high in volume and steady progress in quality. According to statistics from the GACC, China's total foreign trade of goods expanded 21.4% year on year to 39.1 trillion yuan in 2021. Exports grew by 21.2% to 21.73 trillion yuan and imports increased by 21.5% to 17.37 trillion yuan. Compared with the same period in 2019, China's foreign trade, exports and imports increased by 23.9%, 26.1% and 21.2%, respectively. In 2021, there were five main features which I will now outline:

一是年度进出口规模再上新台阶，首次突破6万亿美元关口。2021年，以美元计价，我国进出口规模达到了6.05万亿美元，在2013年首次达到4万亿美元的8年后，年内跨过5万亿、6万亿美元两大台阶，达到了历史高点。这一年的外贸增量达到了1.4万亿美元。

First, China's foreign trade moved up another notch in 2021 by exceeding $6 trillion for the first time. The total goods trade amounted to $6.05 trillion. China first reached $4 trillion in foreign trade in 2013. In the following eight years, it crossed the thresholds of $5 trillion, and then $6 trillion in 2021, reaching a record high. The increase in foreign trade this year reached $1.4 trillion.

二是与主要贸易伙伴进出口均实现稳定增长，对“一带一路”沿线国家进出口增速更快。2021年，我国前五大贸易伙伴依次为东盟、欧盟、美国、日本和韩国，对上述贸易伙伴进出口分别为5.67、5.35、4.88、2.4和2.34万亿元，分别增长19.7%、19.1%、20.2%、9.4%和18.4%。同期，我国对“一带一路”沿线国家进出口增长23.6%，比整体增速高2.2个百分点。

Second, China's trade with its main trading partners maintained sound growth. China's trade with countries along the Belt and Road rose at a faster speed. In 2021, China's trade with its top five trading partners, the ASEAN, the European Union, the United States, Japan and the Republic of Korea, stood at 5.67 trillion yuan, 5.35 trillion yuan, 4.88 trillion yuan, 2.4 trillion yuan and 2.34 trillion yuan, respectively, up 19.7%, 19.1%, 20.2%, 9.4% and 18.4%, respectively. During the same period, China's trade with countries along the Belt and Road rose by 23.6%, 2.2 percentage points higher than the overall growth rate.

三是贸易方式进一步优化，一般贸易进出口占比超过6成。2021年，我国一般贸易进出口24.08万亿元，增长24.7%，占61.6%，提升1.6个百分点；其中，出口13.24万亿元，增长24.4%；进口10.84万亿元，增长25%。同期，加工贸易进出口8.5万亿元，增长11.1%，占21.7%。

Third, the trade models have been further optimized, with general trade accounting for more than 60%. In 2021, China's general trade increased by 24.7% to 24.08 trillion yuan, accounting for 61.6% of the total foreign trade volume, up 1.6 percentage points; among general trade, exports rose by 24.4% to 13.24 trillion yuan and imports rose 25% to 10.84 trillion yuan. During the same period, processing trade increased by 11.1% to 8.5 trillion yuan, accounting for 21.7% of the total foreign trade volume.

四是外贸经营主体活力有效激发，民营企业进出口更加活跃。2021年，我国有进出口实绩企业56.7万家，增加3.6万家。其中，民营企业进出口19万亿元，增长26.7%，占48.6%，提升2个百分点。同期，外商投资企业进出口14.03万亿元，增长12.7%；国有企业进出口5.94万亿元，增长27.7%。

Fourth, foreign trade entities have been further energized, with the private sector playing a more important role. In 2021, the number of enterprises involved in exports and imports increased by 36,000 to 567,000. China's private sector registered 19 trillion yuan in imports and exports, an increase of 26.7%, accounting for 48.6% of the country's total foreign trade volume and 2 percentage points higher than the previous year. Meanwhile, foreign-invested enterprises marked 14.03 trillion yuan in foreign trade, up by 12.7%; and state-owned enterprises accumulated 5.94 trillion yuan, up by 27.7%.

五是机电产品出口、进口均保持良好增势。2021年，我国出口机电产品12.83万亿元，增长20.4%，占出口总值的59%，其中自动数据处理设备及其零部件、手机、汽车分别增长12.9%、9.3%、104.6%。同期，进口机电产品7.37万亿元，增长12.2%，占进口总值的42.4%，其中集成电路进口增长15.4%。

Fifth, exports and imports of electromechanical products maintained sound growth. In 2021, China's exports of electromechanical products increased by 20.4% to 12.83 trillion yuan, making up 59% of the country's total exports. Exports of automatic data processing equipment and its parts, cellphones, and automobiles increased by 12.9%, 9.3% and 104.6%, respectively. Meanwhile, imports of electromechanical products increased by 12.2% to 7.37 trillion yuan, accounting for 42.4% of total imports. The imports of integrated circuits increased by 15.4%.

2021年是党和国家历史上具有里程碑意义的一年。面对全球新冠肺炎疫情带来的严重冲击，我国外贸进出口依然展现了强劲的韧性，在困难多挑战大的情况下交出了一份亮眼的成绩单。这是以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导的结果。一年来，全国海关坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，增强“四个意识”、坚定“四个自信”、做到“两个维护”，坚定不移地贯彻落实党中央、国务院决策部署，马上就办、真抓实干，统筹做好口岸疫情防控和促进外贸稳增长工作，强化监管优化服务，有力促进了外贸量稳质升。

2021 marked a milestone year in the history of the CPC and the country. Amid challenges and difficulties posed by the pandemic, China made outstanding achievements in foreign trade, which speaks volumes of its resilience. This is the result of the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core. Over the past year, China's customs have followed the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, kept firmly in mind the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core and keep in alignment. We have also strengthened our confidence in the path, theory, system and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and resolutely upheld General Secretary Xi Jinping's core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole, and resolutely upheld the Party Central Committee's authority and its centralized, unified leadership. We have fully implemented major policy decisions and plans of the Party Central Committee and the State Council and got things done in a timely manner. Coordinated efforts have been made to prevent the pandemic at ports and promote the steady growth of foreign trade. Supervision has been strengthened and services have been optimized. With all these efforts, we have effectively promoted the steady growth in the volume and quality of foreign trade.

总的来看，“十四五”对外贸易实现了良好开局。展望今年，外贸面临的不确定不稳定不均衡因素增多。我国经济发展面临需求收缩、供给冲击、预期转弱三重压力。全球疫情形势依然严峻，外部环境更趋复杂严峻和不确定，国际需求复苏势头放缓。此外，再叠加2021年外贸基数较高的因素，2022年外贸运行面临一定的压力。我们在正视这些困难和挑战的同时，也要看到我国经济韧性强，长期向好的基本面不会改变，坚定稳住外贸基本盘的信心。

In general, our foreign trade has gotten off to a good start in the 14th Five-year Plan period (2021-2025). Looking ahead throughout this year, it will face more uncertainties, instability, and imbalance. The Chinese economy faces pressure from the three aspects of demand contraction, supply shock, and weakening expectations. As the global COVID-19 situation remains grim, the external environment is prone to be more complex, graver, and more uncertain, with the recovery of international demand slowing down. In addition, because of the high foreign trade base in 2021, it will continue to face certain pressure in 2022. While facing these difficulties and challenges, we must also see that the Chinese economy is resilient and that the fundamentals sustaining China's steady and long-term economic growth remain unchanged. We must have firm confidence in stabilizing the fundamentals of foreign trade.

下一步，海关将坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，全面贯彻落实党的十九大和十九届历次全会精神，认真贯彻落实中央经济工作会议决策部署，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，完整、准确、全面贯彻新发展理念，加快构建新发展格局，继续做好“六稳”“六保”工作，统筹发展和安全，统筹口岸疫情防控和促进外贸稳增长，强化监管优化服务，持续优化口岸营商环境，更好服务高水平开放高质量发展，做好跨周期调节，促进外贸平稳发展，以优异成绩迎接党的二十大胜利召开。

Next, customs will uphold the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, fully implement the guiding principles of the 19th CPC National Congress and the plenary sessions of the 19th CPC Central Committee, and earnestly implement the decisions and plans of the Central Economic Work Conference. Customs will continue to follow the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability, fully and faithfully apply the new development philosophy, accelerate the fostering of a new pattern of development, and continue to ensure stability on the six fronts and security in the six areas. Customs will coordinate development and security, coordinate the pandemic prevention and control at ports and efforts to achieve a steady foreign trade growth, strengthen supervision and improve services, and continue to optimize the business environment at ports to better serve high-level openness and high-quality development. Customs will also do a good job in cross-cycle adjustment and promote the stable development of foreign trade to welcome the convening of the 20th CPC National Congress with excellent performance.

下面，我愿意回答大家提出的问题。

Now, I would like to take your questions.

邢慧娜:

Xing Huina:

谢谢李司长的介绍。大家现在可以提问，提问前请通报所在的新闻机构。

Thank you, Mr. Li, for your introduction. Now, it is time for questions. Please indicate the media organization you work for before raising questions.

中国日报记者:

China Daily:

2021年我国外贸进出口保持了两位数的增长，规模创下历史新高，请问主要的拉动因素有哪些？对于今年的外贸走势，您有何预期？谢谢。

China's foreign trade volume maintained double-digit growth in 2021, hitting a record high. What are the main driving factors? What are your expectations for foreign trade this year? Thank you.

李魁文:

Li Kuiwen:

谢谢您的提问。2021年，我国外贸进出口实现了较快增长，年内突破5万亿、6万亿美元两个关口，规模再创新高、质量稳步提升，“十四五”对外贸易实现了良好开局。我们认为，支撑我国外贸增长的主要因素有以下几个方面：

Thank you for your questions. China's foreign trade achieved rapid growth in 2021. Its volume exceeded the $5 trillion and $6 trillion thresholds over the year, setting new highs while its quality improved steadily. It has gotten off to a good start in the 14th Five-year Plan period. In our view, the main factors driving the growth are as follows:

一是我国经济发展和疫情防控保持全球领先地位。2021年，我国经济继续保持恢复态势，构建新发展格局迈出新步伐，高质量发展取得新成效，主要经济指标保持了较快增长。我国经济韧性强，长期向好的基本面不会改变，国内生产和消费需求为外贸稳增长提供了强有力的支撑。据海关统计，2021年我国中间产品进口和出口分别增长24.9%和28.6%，消费品进口增长9.9%。

First, China maintained a globally leading position in economic development and pandemic control. In 2021, the Chinese economy continued to recover. The country took new steps to build a new development pattern, made new progress in high-quality development, and maintained rapid growth in its major economic indicators. The Chinese economy is resilient, and the fundamentals sustaining China's steady and long-term economic growth remain unchanged. Domestic production and consumption demand provided strong support for the steady growth of foreign trade. According to customs statistics, in 2021, China's import and export of intermediate products rose by 24.9% and 28.6%, respectively, while the import of consumer goods increased by 9.9%.

二是全球经济保持复苏态势。2021年，全球经济整体呈现复苏态势，世界银行、国际货币基金组织均预测世界经济增长5%以上，世界贸易组织预测全球货物贸易量增长10.8%。2021年，我国对欧盟、非洲出口增速均超过20%，对拉丁美洲出口增速超过40%。从产品看，在上年高增长的基础上，2021年我国笔记本电脑、平板电脑、家用电器等宅经济相关产品出口合计又增长了13.2%；医药材及药品出口增长101.2%，有力支持了全球抗疫。

Second, the global economy remained on a trajectory toward recovery. The global economy showed a recovery trend in general in 2021. The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund both predicted that the global economy would grow by over 5%, and the World Trade Organization predicted that the global trade of goods would go up by 10.8%. In 2021, China's export to the EU and Africa both grew by over 20%, and its export to Latin America increased by over 40%. From a product perspective, on top of the high growth in 2020, China's export of products related to the stay-at-home economy, such as laptops, tablets, and household appliances, increased by 13.2% in 2021, while its export of medical and medicinal materials as well as medicines grew by 101.2% – strong support of the global fight against COVID-19.

三是稳增长政策措施效果持续显现。去年以来，我国出台了一系列稳主体、稳市场、保障外贸产业链供应链稳定畅通的政策措施，比如，保持流动性合理充裕，延续并完善部分减税降费政策，实施新的结构性减税，加大对中小微企业、制造业企业的融资支持，深化“放管服”改革，持续优化营商环境，加快发展外贸新业态新模式，进一步深化跨境贸易便利化改革，推进自由贸易试验区贸易投资便利化改革创新，等等。这一系列政策落实落细，效果持续释放，为外贸企业纾困解难，大大激发市场主体活力，成为外贸稳增长的重要支撑。

Third, policies and measures to stabilize growth continued to work. Since last year, China has introduced a series of policies and measures to stabilize market entities and the market as well as to ensure a stable and smooth industrial chain and supply chain of foreign trade. Examples are maintaining reasonable and sufficient liquidity, extending and improving some tax and fee cuts, implementing new structural tax cuts; increasing financing support for micro, small, and medium companies and manufacturing businesses; deepening reforms to streamline administration and delegate power, improve regulation, and upgrade services; continuously optimizing the business environment, accelerating the development of new forms and models of business in foreign trade; further deepening the reform of cross-border trade facilitation; and promoting the reform and innovation in trade and investment facilitation in pilot free-trade zones. Their sound implementation ensured continuous effects, helping foreign trade companies out of difficulties and greatly stimulating the vitality of market entities. They served as an important support for the steady growth of foreign trade.

关于您提到的下一步外贸走势，前面我已通报过，当前全球疫情起伏反复，外部环境更趋复杂严峻和不确定，我国经济率先恢复的相对优势和基数效应可能减弱，2022年我国外贸发展面临的不确定不稳定不均衡因素增多。同时也要看到，我国经济韧性强，长期向好的基本面不会改变，继续为稳外贸提供有力支撑。谢谢。

Regarding the trend of China's foreign trade, as I mentioned earlier, as the COVID-19 pandemic is still undergoing many twists and turns, China faces a more complicated, severe, and uncertain international environment, and the comparative advantage and cardinal effect that the Chinese economy can depend on to take the lead to recover may weaken. All the above bring more uncertainties, destabilizing factors, and imbalances to the development of China's foreign trade in 2022. However, we should understand that the fundamentals sustaining China's steady and long-term economic growth remain unchanged, which will provide powerful support for maintaining stability in foreign trade. Thank you.

中央广播电视总台央视记者:

CCTV:

去年我国与“一带一路”沿线国家进出口贸易高于整体，请问有哪些亮点？另外我们还想知道，中国海关在推进共建“一带一路”工作方面，还有哪些新举措？谢谢。

China's import and export to countries along the Belt and Road's routes outpaced the global average over the past year. Were there any highlights you'd like to share? What new measures have China's customs taken in jointly building the Belt and Road Initiative? Thank you.

李魁文:

Li Kuiwen:

谢谢你的提问。2021年是“一带一路”倡议提出8周年。“一带一路”倡议提出以来，我国与“一带一路”沿线国家贸易往来日益紧密。据海关统计，2021年我国对“一带一路”沿线国家进出口11.6万亿元，增长23.6%，较同期我国外贸整体增速高出2.2个百分点。其中，出口6.59万亿元，增长21.5%；进口5.01万亿元，增长26.4%。具体主要呈现以下几个特点：

Thank you for your questions. Last year marked the eighth anniversary of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Since the BRI was put into action, the trade relationship between China and BRI-participating countries has been increasingly close. Data from China's customs showed that in 2021, China's import and export to countries along the routes reached 11.6 trillion yuan, up 23.6%, 2.2 percentage points higher than the overall growth rate of China's foreign trade in the same period. Of this, exports reached 6.59 trillion yuan, up 21.5%; imports totaled 5.01 trillion yuan, up 26.4%. That growth is mainly down to the following aspects.

一是贸易规模稳步提升。2013-2021年，我国与“一带一路”沿线国家进出口总值从6.46万亿元增长至11.6万亿元，年均增长7.5%，占同期我国外贸总值的比重从25%提升至29.7%。

First, the trade volume has grown steadily. From 2013 to 2021, China's total import and export volume with countries along the routes increased from 6.46 trillion yuan to 11.6 trillion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 7.5%, and its share in China's total foreign trade increased from 25% to 29.7% in the same period.  

二是产业链供应链合作更加密切。2013-2021年，中间产品占我国对“一带一路”沿线国家的出口比重由2013年的49.8%提升至2021年的56.2%，2021年出口汽车零配件、纺织品、锂电子蓄电池分别增长26.7%、14.1%和50.4%。

Second, the cooperation of the industrial and supply chains has tightened. From 2013 to 2021, the proportion of intermediate products in China's exports to BRI-participating countries increased from 49.8% in 2013 to 56.2% in 2021. The export of auto parts, textiles, and lithium electronic batteries increased by 26.7%, 14.1%, and 50.4%, respectively, in 2021.

三是能源、农业、矿产等领域合作向好。2021年我国自“一带一路”沿线国家进口原油1.18万亿元，增长44%；农产品3265.5亿元，增长26.1%；金属矿砂2127.7亿元，增长24.9%；天然气1854.5亿元，增长38.9%。

Third, the cooperation in energy, agriculture, and mineral resources has gained momentum. In 2021, China imported 1.18 trillion yuan of crude oil from countries along the routes, an increase of 44%; 326.55 billion yuan in agricultural products, up 26.1%; 212.77 billion yuan in metal ores, up 24.9%; and 185.45 billion yuan in natural gas, up 38.9%.

四是民营企业表现活跃。2021年民营企业对“一带一路”沿线国家进出口6.21万亿元，增长了25.6%，占同期我国与“一带一路”沿线国家进出口的53.5%，提升了0.8个百分点。

Fourth, private enterprises have been active. In 2021, the import and export of private enterprises to BRI-participating countries reached 6.21 trillion yuan, an increase of 25.6%, accounting for 53.5% of China's overall import and export to those countries during the same period, an increase of 0.8 percentage point.

关于海关在推进共建“一带一路”高质量发展方面，去年我们主要做了以下几项工作：

Last year, we mainly did the following work to jointly promote high-quality BRI cooperation.

第一，加快“三智”建设。2021年2月9日，习近平主席在中国—中东欧国家领导人峰会上发出深化海关贸易安全和通关便利化合作、开展“智慧海关、智能边境、智享联通”合作试点的重大倡议。全国海关认真贯彻落实习近平主席重要指示精神，认真贯彻落实“三智”理念，将“三智”理念融入业务改革发展，制订并实施了《海关总署关于加快“三智”建设 服务“一带一路”高质量发展的意见》，打通“三智”与“一带一路”工作机制，实现强强联合，“1＋1“大于2。目前全国海关已培育78个“三智”国际合作项目，其中多个项目涉及“一带一路”沿线国家。

First, we have stepped up efforts to promote the "Smart Customs, Smart Borders, and Smart Connectivity" Initiative. Chinese President Xi Jinping called for deepening customs cooperation to ensure trade security and faster clearance and exploring cooperation on a pilot basis under the "Smart Customs, Smart Borders, and Smart Connectivity" Initiative while hosting the China-CEEC Summit on Feb. 9, 2021. China's customs have resolutely implemented the important instructions of President Xi and promoted reform and development of the customs service fully in line with the initiative. A guideline has been formulated and implemented to strongly combine the initiative and high-quality BRI development, so as to realize "one plus one is greater than two." Until now, we have launched 78 global cooperation projects, most of which involve countries along the routes.

第二，制订《“十四五”推进“一带一路”高质量发展海关工作方案》。2021年是“十四五”开局之年，为科学有效统筹开展“十四五”“一带一路”海关工作，海关总署制订了《“十四五”推进“一带一路”高质量发展海关工作方案》。《方案》坚持问题导向和目标导向，聚焦重点国家、重点领域、重点项目，统筹整体推进与重点突破，以“三智”合作为引领，着力打造更多共建“一带一路”亮点，为推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化贡献海关智慧和海关力量。

Second, we have formulated a work plan to promote the high-quality development of the BRI cooperation during the 14th Five-Year Plan period (2021-2025). The year 2021 was the inaugural year of China's 14th Five-Year Plan. To accomplish the work for the year in a scientific and effective way, the GACC has formulated this plan by adopting a problem-oriented and objective-oriented approach. We have achieved coordinated development with a focus on the key countries, sectors, and projects. Under the "Smart Customs, Smart Borders, and Smart Connectivity" Initiative, we have ramped up efforts to promote the joint development of the BRI cooperation, thereby offering wisdom and strengths to the modernization of the national governance system and capabilities.

第三，务实推进重点项目。全力推进与共建“一带一路”沿线国家的“经认证的经营者”（AEO）互认合作。2021年我们克服疫情影响，与塞尔维亚、智利、伊朗、乌干达、南非等五个共建“一带一路”国家签署了AEO互认协议。截至2021年底，中国海关共与31个共建“一带一路”国家签署了AEO互认协议。另外，我们务实推动“关铁通”项目，与哈萨克斯坦、白俄罗斯签署了“关铁通”项目合作文件，支持中欧班列发展，进一步扩大互联互通合作，促进贸易畅通。谢谢。

Third, we pragmatically pushed forward key projects. We have made every effort to promote "Authorized Economic Operator" (AEO) mutual recognition and cooperation with countries that are willing to jointly build the Belt and Road. In 2021, we overcame the impact of the pandemic and signed AEO mutual recognition agreements with five countries jointly building the Belt and Road — Serbia, Chile, Iran, Uganda, and South Africa. By the end of 2021, China customs had signed AEO mutual recognition agreements with 31 countries jointly building the Belt and Road. In addition, we pragmatically promoted the "Customs-Train Operators Partnership for Secure and Expedited Clearance of CR Express Carried Goods (C-TOP)," and signed cooperation documents with Kazakhstan and Belarus on the C-TOP program to support the development of China-Europe freight trains, further expand connectivity and cooperation, and promote unimpeded trade. Thank you.

北京青年报记者:

Beijing Youth Daily:

北京冬奥会、冬残奥会举办在即，海关系统为冬奥会和冬残奥会的顺利举办提供了哪些服务和保障？谢谢。

The Beijing Winter Olympics and Paralympics will open soon. What services and guarantees does the customs system provide for the smooth running of the Winter Olympics and Paralympics? Thank you.

李魁文:

Li Kuiwen:

谢谢你的提问。北京冬奥会是我国重要历史节点的重大标志性活动。海关总署坚决贯彻落实习近平总书记关于做好口岸疫情防控和筹办好冬奥会、冬残奥会的重要指示精神，强化监管优化服务，毫不松懈、科学精准实施口岸疫情防控，优质高效做好冬奥会、冬残奥会入境人员卫生检疫和物资通关服务保障工作，为守护首都安全、确保冬奥会、冬残奥会顺利举办作出海关应有贡献。主要做了以下几方面工作：

Thank you for your question. The Beijing Winter Olympics is a major landmark event at an important historical time in China. The GACC resolutely implements the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's important instructions on the COVID-19 prevention and control at ports and the preparation for the Winter Olympics and Paralympics, strengthens supervision, and optimizes services. We will unremittingly implement port pandemic prevention and control in a scientific and targeted manner, ensure high-quality and efficient services for the health quarantine of inbound personnel, and carry out material customs clearance for the Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games. The GACC will make due contributions to safeguarding the security of the Chinese capital city and ensuring the smooth holding of the Winter Olympics and Paralympics. Our work is mainly as follows:

一是科学精准实施口岸疫情防控，做好涉奥人员抵离服务同时坚决遏制疫情通过口岸输入。加强同冬奥抵离中心等部门的沟通，提前掌握进出境人员的信息，不断细化通关保障方案，对所有涉冬奥航班实施“一机一策”，做到严格监管、精准检疫、高效服务。比如，为减少人员在口岸停留时间，专门编制了《入境冬奥包机健康申报说明》，并翻译成多个语种，指导涉奥人员在登机前远端提前填报健康申明卡，提高通关效率。按照“规定动作必须100%做到位，做到99%就是不及格”的要求，严格规范做好入境人员健康申明卡核验、体温监测、医学巡查、采样检测、移交转运和信息通报等各环节措施，抓紧抓实抓细口岸疫情防控各项工作，坚决遏制疫情通过口岸输入。截至2022年1月10日，北京海关共监管涉奥航班196架次，涉奥人员5958人次。

First, we will implement port pandemic prevention and control in a scientific and targeted manner and provide services for the arrival and departure of Olympic-related personnel while resolutely curbing the spread of the pandemic through the port. We will strengthen communication with the arrival and departure center of the Beijing 2022 organizing committee and other departments, learn about the information of inbound and outbound personnel in advance, continue to refine the customs clearance guarantee plan, and implement the "one flight, one policy" for all Winter Olympics-related flights so as to achieve strict supervision, targeted quarantine, and efficient services. For example, in order to reduce the time people stay at the port, we have specifically compiled the Instructions for Health Declaration of Inbound Winter Olympics Charter Flights and translated it into multiple languages so that Olympic-related personnel can fill in health declaration cards in advance before boarding. The efficiency of customs clearance will then be improved. In accordance with the requirement that "the prescribed routines must be done 100%; even the 99% is unqualified," we strictly standardize all measures in aspects of health declaration card verification, temperature monitoring, medical inspection, sampling and testing, handover and transfer, and information reporting for inbound personnel. We have paid close attention to the pandemic prevention and control work at the port and resolutely curb the spread of the pandemic through the port. As of Jan. 10, 2022, Beijing customs has monitored and handled a total of 196 Olympic-related flights, involving 5,958 Olympic-related personnel.

二是持续优化服务，争分夺秒全力保障冬奥物资高效通关。提前发布了《北京2022年冬奥会和冬残奥会海关通关须知》公告，对冬奥会进出境物资和人员从信息注册备案、暂时进境物资税款担保、进境前备案审批、进境物资通关、人员及个人物品监管、记者采访器材通关等8个方面提供了详细指引。同时，我们为进出境冬奥物资和人员设立了海关专用通道和专用窗口，依托冬奥无纸化通关管理系统简化申报，落实“5+2”预约通关制度，保证冬奥物资24小时随到随验。此外，做好涉奥进口食品监管工作，保障供北京冬奥会和冬残奥会进口食品的安全顺畅供应。截至2022年1月10日，北京海关共监管验放冬奥进境物资637票，货值人民币约14.99亿元。

Second, we continue to optimize our services to ensure the efficient customs clearance of the Winter Olympics materials. We have issued the Notice on Customs Clearance for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic and Winter Paralympic Games in advance to provide detailed guidelines for inbound and outbound materials and personnel for the Winter Olympics in eight aspects, including information registration and filing, tax guarantees for temporarily imported materials, pre-entry filing and approval, customs clearance of imported materials, supervision of personnel and personal items, and customs clearance of journalists' interview equipment. At the same time, we have set up special customs channels and special windows for inbound and outbound Winter Olympics materials and personnel, relied on the Winter Olympics' paperless customs clearance management system to simplify the declaration, and implemented the "5+2" (5 working days + 2 weekend days) reservation clearance system in order to ensure that Winter Olympics materials are available for inspection 24 hours a day. In addition, we have worked hard to supervise imported food related to the Olympics and ensure the safe and smooth supply of imported food for the Beijing Winter Olympics and Paralympics. As of Jan. 10, 2022, Beijing customs has monitored, handled, inspected, and released 637 shipments of inbound materials for the Winter Olympics, with a value of approximately 1.499 billion yuan.

三是强化科技和人员投入，为优质高效完成冬奥海关监管服务提供有力支撑。北京海关是2022年北京冬奥会和冬残奥会的主管地海关。该关推动“科技冬奥”专项成果落地转化，在口岸一线部署应用核辐射全息定位系统、通用消毒柜、痕量气味嗅探仪、智能巡检机器人等10种设备设施，进一步提升冬奥监管通关工作的智能化、信息化水平。完善“横向+纵向”人力资源梯队工作机制，组建起包括一线和预备人员1000多人，应急支援力量400多人的保障梯队，结合冬奥会通关工作实际需要，为涉奥人员入境高峰期间提供全方位后备力量支持。谢谢。

Third, we strengthen investment in technology and personnel to provide strong support for the Winter Olympics with high-quality and efficient customs supervision services. Beijing customs, as the competent customs office for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics and Winter Paralympics, has been promoting the transformation of the special achievements of the high-tech Winter Olympics. It has deployed and applied 10 kinds of equipment and facilities such as the nuclear radiation holographic positioning system, universal disinfection cabinets, trace odor detectors, and intelligent inspection robots at the port, in a bid to improve the intelligence and informatization level of supervision and clearance for the Winter Olympics. Beijing customs keeps improving the "horizontal + vertical" human resources echelon working mechanism. It has established a support echelon, including more than 1,000 front-line and reserve personnel and more than 400 emergency support personnel, to provide all-around backup support for Olympic-related personnel during the peak period for their entry, according to the actual needs of the Winter Olympics customs clearance work. Thank you.

凤凰卫视记者:

Phoenix TV:

中国在上个月刚刚迎来加入世贸组织20周年。请问加入世贸20年来，中国货物贸易进出口呈现哪些特点？谢谢。

China just celebrated the 20th anniversary of its accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) last month. What are the characteristics of China's import and export of goods over the past 20 years? Thank you.

李魁文:

Li Kuiwen:

谢谢您的提问。2021年是我国加入世界贸易组织20周年。据海关统计，我国进出口总值从2001的4.22万亿元人民币增至2021年的39.1万亿元，年均增长12.2%。海关统计是我国进出口货物贸易的官方统计，通过海关进出口统计数据，可以见证20年来我国货物贸易的跨越式发展历程。

Thank you for your question. The year 2021 marked the 20th anniversary of China's accession to the WTO. Customs data showed that the total volume of China's imports and exports increased from 4.22 trillion yuan in 2001 to 39.1 trillion yuan in 2021, up by an annual average rate of 12.2%. Customs data are official figures from China's import and export of goods. The statistics reflect the leap-forward development of our trade in goods over the past 20 years.

一是进出口增长超过8倍，我国货物贸易规模跃居世界第一。我国货物贸易规模从2001年的4.22万亿元起步，于2005年、2010年和2018年分别突破了10万亿、20万亿和30万亿三个台阶，至2021年接近40万亿元关口，20年间增长了8.3倍。特别是近10年来，我国货物贸易规模从2012年的24.4万亿元增长至39.1万亿元，增量高达14.7万亿，接近2009年全年的进出口规模，这充分展示了新时代我国改革开放取得的伟大成就。另外，在全球市场份额占比方面，我国也由2001年的4%大幅提升至2021年前三季度的13.5%，其中2013年我国首次成为全球货物贸易第一大国。2021年，我国按美元计价的外贸规模历史性首次超过6万亿美元。

First, the total import and export of goods have increased by more than eight times, making China the world's largest trader in goods. The total value of China's imported and exported goods was 4.22 trillion yuan in 2001, and exceeded 10 trillion yuan, 20 trillion yuan, and 30 trillion yuan in 2005, 2010, and 2018, respectively. The figure approached 40 trillion yuan in 2021, registering an increase of 8.3 times in 20 years. In particular, the total value rose from 24.4 trillion yuan to 39.1 trillion yuan in the past 10 years, with an increment of 14.7 trillion yuan, equivalent to China's import and export of goods in 2009. This has epitomized China's achievements in reform and opening-up in the new era. What's more, China's import and export of goods accounted for only 4% of the world's total in 2001, and its share jumped to 13.5% in the first three quarters of 2021. In 2013, China became the world's largest trader of goods. In 2021, the total value of US dollar-denominated imports and exports exceeded 6 trillion yuan for the first time in history.

二是出口产品结构变化显著，机电产品占比接近六成。20年来，我国出口年均增长12.5%。机电产品成为了最主要的出口产品，2021年机电产品占整体出口的59%。值得一提的是，新冠肺炎疫情发生以来，我国积极推动国际抗疫合作，向国际社会提供了数以亿计的口罩、防护服、检测试剂、疫苗等防疫物资，为全球抗疫和经济复苏提供了有力支撑。

Second, the structure of exports has changed significantly, with machinery and electronic products now accounting for nearly 60% of all exports. Over the past 20 years, China's export of goods has grown at an average annual rate of 12.5%. Machinery and electronic products have become the most exported products, accounting for 59% of the total in 2021. It is worth mentioning that since the outbreak of COVID-19, China has actively promoted international anti-pandemic cooperation and provided hundreds of millions of masks, protective suits, test kits, vaccines, and other materials to the international community, thus contributing to the global COVID-19 response and economic recovery.

三是扩大进口不断发力，高新技术、资源类产品进口稳步增长。20年来，我国货物贸易进口年均增长11.8%，2009年我国成为世界第二大进口国，2021年前三季度我国进口国际市场份额达到了12.1%。我国更加开放的市场让世界更多分享了我国经济增长、消费繁荣带来的红利。20年来，我国高新技术产品进口稳步上升，年均增长14%，推动了我国产业结构的升级转型；资源类产品进口有序扩大，金属矿砂、原油、煤、天然气等资源类产品进口年均增长18%，为国内经济稳定增长提供了有力补充。

Third, imports have continuously expanded, and the import of high-tech and resource products has grown steadily. Over the past 20 years, China's import of goods has increased at an average annual rate of 11.8%. In 2009, China became the world's second-largest importer. In the first three quarters of 2021, China's imports accounted for 12.1% of the international market. A more open Chinese market has enabled the rest of the world to better share in the dividends brought by its economic growth and booming consumption. Over the past 20 years, China's import of high-tech products has risen steadily at an average annual rate of 14%, promoting the transformation and upgrading of the industrial structure. The import of resource products has expanded in an orderly manner. The import of metal ore, crude oil, coal, natural gas, and other resource products has increased at an average annual rate of 18%, providing a strong supply to ensure steady domestic economic growth.

四是贸易伙伴多元发展，东盟成为我国最大贸易伙伴。20年来，我国与欧盟、美国、日本、韩国等传统市场贸易地位稳固，上述贸易伙伴2021年合计占我国外贸的38.3%。与此同时，我国积极开拓东盟、非洲、拉丁美洲、俄罗斯、印度等新兴市场，与上述贸易伙伴进出口占比由2001年的16%提升至2021年的30.7%。其中，2020年东盟成为我国最大贸易伙伴，2021年继续以14.5%的占比保持我国最大贸易伙伴的地位。值得关注的是，我国与“一带一路”沿线国家贸易持续深化畅通，贸易规模不断扩大，进一步促进贸易均衡共赢发展。

Fourth, China has diversified its trading partners, with ASEAN becoming our largest trading partner. Over the past 20 years, we have maintained stable trade relations with traditional markets, including the European Union, the United States, Japan, and South Korea, which together accounted for 38.3% of China's total foreign trade in 2021. At the same time, we have actively explored emerging markets such as ASEAN, Africa, Latin America, Russia, and India. These partners accounted for 16% of China's total foreign trade in 2001, but the figure increased to 30.7% in 2021. Among them, ASEAN became China's largest trading partner in 2020, and it remained so in 2021, accounting for 14.5% of China's total foreign trade. It is worth noting that China has continued to deepen trade relations with countries along the Belt and Road, expand trade scale and further promote the balanced and mutually beneficial development of trade.

五是外贸主体数量倍增，民营企业成为第一大经营主体。2021年，我国有进出口实绩的企业达到了56.7万家，比2001年增加了5.3倍。20年间，我国民营企业进出口总值占整体的比重由2001年的6.1%显著提升至2019年的42.7%，成为我国第一大外贸主体，2021年这一比重提升至48.6%。与此同时，有进出口实绩的外商投资企业数量也进一步增加，2021年为8.2万家，比2001年增加了2.1万家，企业平均年进出口规模达到了1.7亿元，比2001年增长了3.8倍。

Fifth, the number of foreign trade entities multiplied, with private enterprises taking up the largest share of all business entities in foreign trade. In 2021, 567,000 Chinese enterprises actually engaged in import and export business, 6.3 times more than that in 2001. In 2019, private enterprises took up a 42.7% share in the gross value of imports and exports of China, increasing significantly from 6.1% in 2001. In 2021, their share grew to 48.6%. Over the past 20 years, private enterprises have taken up the largest share of all foreign trade entities in China. Meanwhile, the number of foreign-invested enterprises actually engaging in import and export business also further increased to reach 82,000 in 2021, an increase of 21,000 compared with that in 2001, with the average annual import and export scale of the enterprises reaching 170 million yuan, increasing by 4.8 times compared with 2001.

六是外贸发展新动能不断激发，外贸新业态日新月异。海关统计数据显示，2021年我国综合保税区、自由贸易试验区、海南自由贸易港进出口分别增长了24.3%、26.4%和57.7%，呈现出蓬勃发展的态势。在新兴贸易业态方面，我国跨境电商、市场采购规模迅速扩大，2021年我国跨境电商进出口规模达到1.98万亿元，增长15%；市场采购出口增长32.1%。谢谢。

Sixth, in foreign trade, new driving forces have been constantly stimulated, and new business modes have emerged one after another. Customs statistics show that in 2021, imports and exports in China's comprehensive bonded zones, pilot free-trade zones, and the Hainan Free Trade Port increased by 24.3%, 26.4%, and 57.7%, respectively, demonstrating a strong development momentum. In terms of the new trade modes, the scale of cross-border e-commerce and market procurement trade expanded rapidly. In 2021, the import and export volume of China's cross-border e-commerce reached 1.98 trillion yuan, up 15%, and market procurement trade's exports increased by 32.1%. Thank you.

澎湃新闻记者:

ThePaper.cn:

RCEP已于1月1日正式生效。能否请您介绍一下去年我国对RCEP成员国的贸易情况，海关在推动RCEP实施方面做了哪些具体工作？谢谢。

The RCEP deal came into force on Jan. 1, 2022. Could you briefly introduce China's trade with RCEP member countries as it stood last year? What have customs done to promote the implementation of the RCEP deal? Thank you.

李魁文:

Li Kuiwen:

谢谢您的提问。今年1月1日，《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》（RCEP）对文莱、柬埔寨、老挝、新加坡、泰国和越南等6个东盟成员国以及中国、日本、新西兰和澳大利亚共10国正式生效，这标志着全球最大自由贸易区正式启航。海关统计数据显示，2021年我国对RCEP其他14个成员国进出口12.07万亿元，增长18.1%，占我国外贸总值的30.9%。其中，出口5.64万亿元，增长16.8%；进口6.43万亿元，增长19.2%。

Thanks for your question. On Jan. 1, 2022, the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) agreement came into force in six ASEAN countries, namely Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam, as well as China, Japan, New Zealand, and Australia, marking the start of the world's largest free trade zone so far. Customs statistics show that in 2021, China's imports from and exports to the other 14 RCEP member countries reached 12.07 trillion yuan, up 18.1%, and accounting for 30.9% of China's total foreign trade. Of this, exports reached 5.64 trillion yuan, up 16.8%, while imports reached 6.43 trillion yuan, up 19.2%.

在《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》（RCEP）701项约束性业务中，海关总署单独或共同作为负责部门的共计174项，占比24.8%，目前已全面做好相关工作。海关在推动RCEP实施方面主要工作体现在以下三个方面：

Among the 701 binding obligations of the RCEP agreement, the GACC is responsible for 174 items solely or jointly, accounting for 24.8% of the total. At present, relevant work has been done comprehensively. The GACC's main work in promoting the implementation of the RCEP agreement can be seen in the following three aspects:

第一，在原产地规则和关税减让方面。出台“RCEP项下进出口货物原产地管理办法”“经核准出口商管理办法”2部规章以及配套4项规范性文件。针对RCEP关税减让模式和原产地规则的实施需求，全面升级海关原产地管理信息化系统，实现签证数据与通关数据共享应用，构建原产地管理、企业管理和商品管理相结合的立体化海关监管与服务网络。完成产品特定原产地规则转版、原产地实施指引磋商，推动中国方案成为各方共识，为协定落地生效扫清障碍。

First, in the aspect of rules of origin and tariff concessions. The GACC issued two relevant regulations, namely measures on the administration of origin of goods imported and exported under the RCEP and measures for the administration of approved exporters, along with four supporting normative documents. In response to RCEP's tariff concession model and requirements for implementation of the rules of origin, we upgraded the informationization system for customs origin of goods management, realized the shared use of visa data and customs clearance data, and built a three-dimensional customs supervision and service network, which combines origin of goods management, enterprises management, and commodity management. We completed the consultations on the transposition of product-specific rules as well as the consultations on the guidance for the implementation of the rules of origin. We shared China's approach with other members for a consensus to be reached and overcame obstacles for the implementation of the RCEP deal.

第二，在海关程序与贸易便利化方面。聚焦RCEP贸易便利化各项规则，以加快打造市场化、法治化、国际化口岸营商环境为目标，持续优化通关流程、提升通关效率、降低通关成本。大力推动RCEP成员优化各自作业流程，规范和简化海关监管手续，并与之共同审议海关程序。专门制定推进我与RCEP成员间“经认证的经营者”（AEO）互认与实施方案，在RCEP建立有AEO制度的10个成员中，截至目前我已与其中5国签署了AEO互认安排。我们在上海、广东、天津、福建等自贸试验区片内的综合保税区先行先试相关措施，比如对优惠贸易协定项下原产地证书明确可接受的“微小差错”范围等。

Second, in the aspect of customs procedures and trade facilitation. Focusing on the RCEP trade facilitation rules, we continued to perfect customs clearance procedures, improve customs clearance efficiency, and reduce customs clearance costs, aiming to accelerate the building of a market-oriented, law-based, and international business environment at ports. The RCEP members were encouraged to optimize their own workflows, and standardize and simplify customs regulatory procedures. We jointly reviewed customs procedures with other RCEP members. We formulated the plan to promote the mutual recognition of AEO between China and other RCEP members and its implementation. So far, China has signed mutual recognition arrangements with five of the 10 RCEP members with the AEO system. Relevant measures have been piloted at comprehensive bonded zones in the free trade zones in Shanghai, Guangdong, Tianjin, and Fujian, such as clarifying the range of acceptable "minor discrepancies or errors" for certificates of origin under preferential trade agreements.

第三，在动植物检疫和食品安全、进出口商品检验方面。利用我与RCEP成员在动植物检疫领域合作方面互补性强的优势，全面梳理进境农产品准入机制，推动我国优质农产品出口。加强与RCEP成员的动植物疫情信息共享，推动国际疫情监测合作，推动中国—东盟动植物检疫和食品安全合作信息网升级上线。加大对RCEP成员相关技术性贸易措施的关注和研究，并通过多双边渠道提出我贸易关注、积极对外交涉磋商，维护我出口企业的合法权益。

Third, in terms of animal and plant quarantine, food security, and import and export commodity inspection, we leveraged China's highly complementary cooperation with RCEP members in animal and plant quarantine, comprehensively straightened the access mechanisms for imported agricultural products, and promoted the export of China's high-quality agricultural products. We strengthened animal and plant epidemic information sharing with RCEP members, advanced international epidemic surveillance collaboration, and launched the upgraded version of China-ASEAN animal and plant quarantine and food security cooperation information website. We paid more attention to and strengthened studies on relevant technical trade measures taken by RCEP members, raised our trade concerns, and actively negotiated with foreign members through bilateral and multilateral channels so as to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of China's export enterprises.

与此同时，切实做好RCEP涉及海关业务的政策宣传和解读工作，特别是在原产地规则领域开展培训近千次，多形式、多载体帮助企业熟悉原产地规则和协定税率，熟练掌握进出口货物享惠通关、原产地证书申领、自主声明开具等相关要求。谢谢。

At the same time, we worked hard to publicize and interpret the policies on RCEP customs business. In particular, we organized nearly one thousand training programs regarding rules of origin in various forms and through diverse platforms to help acquaint enterprises with these rules, conventional tariff rates, and related requirements of favored customs clearance for import and export goods, the application for certificates of origin and independent statement issuance, among others. Thank you.  

人民日报记者:

People's Daily:  

中央经济工作会议提出微观经济要持续激发市场主体活力。请问发言人，去年外贸市场主体进出口表现如何？海关出台了哪些措施激发外贸企业活力？谢谢。

The Central Economic Work Conference proposed that the micro-economy should continue to stimulate the vitality of market entities. How was the import and export performance of foreign trade market players last year? What measures did the GACC introduce to galvanize the foreign trade enterprises? Thank you.

李魁文:

Li Kuiwen:  

谢谢您的提问。2021年，我国外贸经营主体活力继续增强，有力支撑了外贸稳增长。全年有进出口实绩的企业达到了56.7万家，增加了3.6万家。其中，民营企业保持我国第一大外贸经营主体地位，进出口19万亿元，增长26.7%，占我国外贸总值的48.6%；外商投资企业进出口继续保持稳定，进出口14.03万亿元，增长12.7%；国有企业进出口提速，进出口5.94万亿元，增长27.7%。

Thank you for your question. In 2021, China's foreign trade businesses continued to gain momentum, which strongly supported the steady growth of foreign trade. The number of enterprises with substantive import and export achievements increased by 36,000 to 567,000. Among them, private enterprises remained the largest foreign trade entity in China, with imports and exports totaling 19 trillion yuan, up 26.7% and accounting for 48.6% of the country's total foreign trade. Imports and exports of foreign-invested companies remained stable at 14.03 trillion yuan, up 12.7%, and those of state-owned enterprises accelerated and rose by 27.7% to 5.94 trillion yuan.  

关于海关在激发外贸市场主体活力方面所做的工作，2021年主要有以下几个方面：

To stimulate the vitality of foreign trade market players, the administration made efforts in the main following aspects in 2021:

一是落实“放管服”改革，报关单位备案实现了“全程网办、全国通办”。更大力度深化“放管服”改革，积极推进报关企业“许可”改“备案”，对报关单位全面实施备案管理，出台“全程网办、全国通办”等便民利企措施。企业可在全国任意地点登录“单一窗口”或“互联网+海关”提交备案申请，经所在地海关审核办结后，自行打印备案回执，全程无纸化网上办理；对于企业选择所在地海关错误的，由收到申请的海关首问负责，真正实现企业“零跑腿、零成本”“任一地申请、一次办理”。

First, we implemented the reforms to streamline administration and delegate power, improve regulation, and upgrade services, and enabled the filing of customs declaration entities to be addressed online in the whole process and anywhere across the country. We further deepened the reforms mentioned above, actively promoted the transformation from approval to filing of all the customs declaration entities, and introduced measures for the convenience and benefits of the people and enterprises, including the whole process of online filing anywhere nationwide. Under these measures, enterprises can log in the "China International Trade Single Window" or the "Online Customs" websites for filing across the country, and print the filing receipt after the local customs' review, moving the whole process online and making it paperless. If enterprises happen to choose the wrong local customs, the customs that receives the application should be responsible for handling the application, thus enabling enterprises to apply at any site nationwide and settle documentation all at once without any cost or travel.

二是加快AEO国际互认合作，助力企业在更大范围享受便利。以共建“一带一路”国家、《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》（RCEP）成员国、中东欧国家和重要贸易国家为重点，加快推广“经认证的经营者”（AEO）国际互认合作。2021年以来，我们与塞尔维亚、智利、乌干达、伊朗、南非等5国实现了AEO互认。截至目前，我们共与欧盟、新加坡等21个经济体签署了AEO互认协议，涵盖了47个国家（地区），互认国家（地区）总数居全球首位。其中，共建“一带一路”国家31个，RCEP成员国5个，中东欧国家13个。中国的AEO企业出口到互认国家（地区）的货物，能够直接享受当地海关实施的减少查验、优先办理、指定联络员服务、非常时期优先通关等便利措施，降低贸易成本，增强企业活力。

Second, we have sped up the international mutual recognition and cooperation of AEOs to help enterprises enjoy convenience further afield. In doing this, we focused on Belt and Road countries, RCEP members, Central and Eastern European countries, and other major trading countries. Since 2021, China has completed AEO mutual recognition with Serbia, Chile, Uganda, Iran, and South Africa. To date, China has signed AEO mutual recognition agreements with 21 economies, including the European Union and Singapore, covering 47 countries and regions — the most in the world. Among them, 31 are Belt and Road countries, five are RCEP members, and 13 are Central and Eastern European countries. When China's AEO enterprises export goods to countries and regions with mutual recognition, they can enjoy the convenient measures offered by local customs, including reduced inspection, priority handling, the appointment of liaison officers, and prioritization of customs clearance during emergencies so as to reduce trade costs and enhance enterprises' vitality.  

三是强化知识产权海关保护，激发企业创新活力。我们先后部署开展了全面加强知识产权保护“龙腾行动2021”、寄递渠道知识产权保护“蓝网行动2021”、出口转运货物知识产权保护“净网行动2021”等一系列专项行动，持续保持打击侵权的高压态势。编制知识产权海关保护知识图谱，组织开发并试点应用新一代查验管理系统移动端知识产权商标智能识别技术。开展“一企一策”知识产权保护指导与服务，增强企业知识产权保护的意识和能力，持续加强跨部门、跨关区、跨境执法合作，强化知识产权全链条保护，更好地服务企业创新发展。

Third, we have strengthened intellectual property protection and boosted companies' innovation. We took stringent measures to crack down on intellectual property infringement and carried out a series of campaigns, including comprehensive intellectual property protection, intellectual property protection in shipping and delivery channels, and intellectual property protection for export transshipment goods. We also formulated a knowledge graph centering on intellectual property customs protection and developed and piloted a new-generation inspection management system featuring the use of intelligent identification of intellectual property and trademarks on mobile devices. We provided guidance and services regarding company-specific intellectual property protection and strengthened companies' awareness and capability in intellectual property protection. We continued to enhance law-enforcement cooperation across different departments, customs zones, and borders and cemented whole chain of intellectual property protection so as to better serve the innovative development of companies.

下一步，海关总署将按照提振外贸市场主体信心的要求，继续深化“放管服”改革，优化口岸营商环境，促进助企纾困、恢复发展，更大激发外贸市场主体活力和发展的内生动力。谢谢。

Next, the GACC will follow the requirements of boosting the confidence of foreign trade entities and deepen the reforms of streamlining administration and delegating power, improving regulation, and upgrading services. We will also improve the business environment at ports, help companies to address their difficulties and resume development, and further stimulate the vitality and growth momentum of foreign trade entities.

环球时报记者:

Global Times:

疫情下传统贸易受到严重冲击，跨境电商等新业态新模式在保订单、保市场、保份额方面发挥了重要作用。能否请您再详细介绍一下2021年我国贸易新业态进出口情况。谢谢。

The pandemic has dealt a severe blow to the traditional way of trade, while new business forms and models such as cross-border e-commerce have played a vital role in ensuring orders, markets, and market shares. Can you please tell us more about new modes of foreign trade in 2021? Thank you.

李魁文:

Li Kuiwen:

谢谢你的提问。跨境电商、市场采购等新业态新模式是我国外贸发展的有生力量，也是国际贸易发展的重要趋势。新冠肺炎疫情发生以来，我国跨境电商发挥在线营销、在线交易、无接触交付等特点优势，积极培育参与国际合作和竞争的新优势，进出口规模持续快速增长。

Thank you for your question. New business forms and models such as cross-border e-commerce and market procurement are an important part of China's foreign trade, and they also reflect a key trend in international trade development. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, China's cross-border e-commerce has unleashed its strength in online marketing, online transaction, and contactless delivery, grown its new strength in international cooperation and competition, and has thus registered rapid and sustained growth in foreign trade.

一是跨境电商方面，B2B出口试点全面铺开，“中欧班列”“集拼转口”等新模式融合发展。为助力跨境电商出口企业更好开拓国际市场，2021年下半年，跨境电商B2B出口监管试点在全国海关正式复制推广，配套政策不断完善。与此同时，“上合示范区—明斯克”“义新欧”“苏新欧”、合肥至德国汉堡、威廉港等跨境电商专列先后开通并常态化开行，实现了“中欧班列”与跨境电商模式融合。海关统计数据显示，2021年我国跨境电商进出口1.98万亿元，增长15%；其中出口1.44万亿元，增长24.5%。

First, in terms of cross-border e-commerce, B2B export pilot programs have been expanded, and the China-Europe freight trains have developed in tandem with new business forms such as goods consolidation and transit trade. In order to help export enterprises engaged in cross-border e-commerce to better tap into the international market, the B2B export supervision pilot program regarding cross-border e-commerce was expanded to customs across China in the latter half of 2021, with supporting policies being constantly improved. Meanwhile, cross-border e-commerce railways, including those from the China-SCO cooperation demo area to Minsk in Belarus, from Yiwu and Suzhou to Europe, and from Hefei to Hamburg and Wilhelmshaven in Germany, opened and began regular operations, resulting in the integrated development of China-Europe freight train and cross-border e-commerce. Data shows that cross-border e-commerce registered a trade volume of 1.98 trillion yuan in 2021, increasing 15% year on year. Exports of cross-border e-commerce reached 1.44 trillion yuan, rising 24.5% year on year.

二是在市场采购方面，出口规模突破九千亿元。随着全国市场采购试点的扩大，2021年我国市场采购出口9303.9亿元，增长32.1%，占同期出口总值的4.3%，拉动出口增长1.3个百分点。谢谢。

Second, the export volume through market procurement trade has exceeded 900 billion yuan. As China expands its national market procurement pilots, the figure in 2021 amounted to 930.4 billion yuan, up 32.1%, accounting for 4.3% of the total export of the same period and driving exports growth by 1.3 percentage points. Thank you.

邢慧娜:

Xing Huina:

时间关系，最后一个问题。

Due to time constraints, we will have one last question.

中国新闻社记者:

China News Service:

我们知道，去年我国外贸发展目标是量稳质升，请问在质量提升方面，去年我国进出口有哪些新变化和新特点？谢谢。

As we know, China's foreign trade aimed to remain stable in size and achieve high-quality development in 2021. In terms of improving quality, what were the new development and features of China's imports and exports last year? Thank you.

李魁文:

Li Kuiwen:

谢谢您的提问。2021年，我国外贸进出口在规模方面创了新高，在质量提升方面也有新进展。我们认为主要体现在以下几个方面：

Thank you for your question. In 2021, China's foreign trade achieved new heights in size and saw new progress in quality. We believe this is reflected in the following aspects:

第一，国际市场份额更高。根据最新数据测算，2021年前三季度，我国出口国际市场份额为14.9%，同比提升了0.6个百分点，与2012年相比提升了3.8个百分点，这一增量刚好与世纪之初2000年我国出口国际市场份额相当。同时，我国进口国际市场份额自2013年首次突破10%后稳步提升至2021年前三季度的12.1%，同比提升了0.5个百分点。这体现了我们进入新时代改革开放所取得的伟大成就。

First, China's foreign trade took an increased share in the international market. According to the latest statistics, in the first three quarters of 2021, China's exports accounted for 14.9% of the global market share, up 0.6 percentage point year on year and 3.9 percentage points higher than that of 2012. This increment equals the global market share of China's export in 2000. In the meantime, since China's imports accounted for over 10% of the global market share for the first time in 2013, this figure has increased steadily. The global market share of China's imports reached 12.1% in the first three quarters of 2021, up 0.5 percentage point year on year. This showcases the great achievements we have made as we enter a new era of reform and opening-up.

第二，新型业态发展更快。2021年，我国跨境电商出口同比增长24.5%，市场采购出口增长32.1%。我国促进外贸新业态新模式健康持续创新发展的政策措施效应持续显现。

Second, new business forms saw even more rapid development. In 2021, the export volume in cross-border e-commerce sector increased 24.5% year on year, and its exports through market procurement trade grew 32.1%. The policies and measures China adopted to promote the healthy, sustained, and innovative development of new business forms and models of foreign trade continue to deliver effect.

第三，开放平台的作用更强。2021年，我国综合保税区进出口增长24.3%，自贸试验区进出口增长26.4%，海南自由贸易港进出口增长57.7%。

Third, platforms for opening-up played a larger role. In 2021, the foreign trade of the comprehensive bonded zones across China increased 24.3%, and that of pilot free trade zones grew by 26.4%. The foreign trade of the Hainan free-trade port surged 57.7%.

第四，主体活力更足。2021年，我国有进出口实绩的外贸企业数量达到了56.7万家，增加了3.6万家。其中，民营企业对外贸增长的贡献度达到了58.2%。

Fourth, the vitality of China's market entities grew stronger. In 2021, the number of foreign trade enterprises with actual import and export business performance reached 567,000, 36,000 more than the previous year. Among them, private enterprises have contributed to 58.2% of the growth of the country's foreign trade.

第五，进出口结构更优。贸易结构方面，2021年我国一般贸易进出口占比提升了1.6个百分点；出口产品中近六成是机电产品。在区域布局方面，我国中西部地区进出口6.93万亿元，增长了22.8%，比同期我国外贸整体增速高出了1.4个百分点。贸易伙伴中，对欧美日等经济体进出口增长17.5%，对拉丁美洲、非洲进出口分别增长了31.6%和26.3%。中国携手贸易伙伴，共同维护了全球产业链供应链的稳定，共同助力了世界经济的复苏。

Fifth, the structure of China's foreign trade was further optimized. In terms of the trade structure, the share of general trade increased by 1.6 percentage points in 2021. Nearly 60% of goods exported were electronic products. In terms of regional development, the foreign trade of China's central and western regions amounted to 6.93 trillion yuan, up 22.8%, and 1.4 percentage points higher than the growth rate of China's overall foreign trade of the same period. In terms of trading partners, China's foreign trade with major economies such as EU, the U.S., and Japan increased 17.5%, and trade with Latin America and Africa surged 31.6% and 26.3%, respectively. China and its trading partners jointly safeguarded the stability of global industrial and supply chains and propped up the world's economic recovery.

借这个机会，我也介绍一下海关在统筹口岸疫情防控和促进外贸稳增长方面做的一些工作。

I would also like to take this opportunity to introduce the efforts being made by Chinese customs in coordinating pandemic prevention and control in port areas and facilitating the growth of foreign trade.

2021年，面对全球新冠肺炎疫情带来的冲击，我国外贸交出了一份亮眼的成绩单，外贸也成为中国经济的一大亮点。这其中既体现了我国外贸强劲的韧性，也融入了全国海关的不懈努力。

In 2021, despite the fallout from the COVID-19 pandemic, China's foreign trade made remarkable achievements and became a highlight of China's economy. While demonstrating the sector's strong resilience, this also speaks volumes about the unremitting efforts of Chinese customs.

一年来，全国海关坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，坚决迅速贯彻落实习近平总书记重要指示批示精神，深刻领悟新发展阶段的新特征新要求，完整、准确、全面贯彻新发展理念，出台实施了“十四五”海关发展规划和国家“十四五”口岸发展规划，全面开启社会主义现代化海关建设的新征程。

Over the past year, customs departments across China followed the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, took firm and swift actions based on the guiding principles of General Secretary Xi Jinping's important instructions, thoroughly grasped the new features and requirements of the new stage of development, and implemented the new development philosophy in a complete, accurate, and comprehensive manner. The 14th Five-Year Plan for customs development and that for the development of port areas were introduced and implemented, embarking on a new journey toward socialist modernization in terms of customs development.

一年来，全国海关统筹发展和安全，强化监管优化服务，全面提高监管能力水平，毫不放松、精准科学实施口岸疫情防控，保持打击走私高压态势，积极支持外贸稳定增长，大力优化口岸营商环境，有力促进了外贸量稳质升。

In the past year, customs authorities around the country coordinated development and security, strengthened supervision and improved services; enhanced their regulatory capacity; implemented stringent, science-based, and targeted epidemic prevention and control measures at the port; maintained a tough stance against smuggling; vigorously created a more business-friendly environment at the port; and effectively promoted the steady and quality growth of foreign trade.

一年来，全国海关坚持系统观念，主动融入大局，助推京津冀协同发展、长江经济带、粤港澳大湾区、长三角一体化等国家重大战略的实施，服务自由贸易试验区、海南自由贸易港建设，推动共建“一带一路”高质量发展，扩大AEO互认合作，加强“三智”建设，提前完成牵头的RCEP实施准备工作，有力促进了高水平开放。

Over the past year, customs authorities around the country adopted a holistic approach and actively integrated into the overall process of national development, supporting the implementation of major national strategies, including the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze Economic Belt, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Great Bay Area, and the integrated development of Yangtze River Delta. They also served the pilot free trade zones and the construction of Hainan Free Trade Port, promoted high-quality development of the Belt and Road Initiative through joint efforts, expanded the mutual recognition of AEOs, advanced the initiative of "Smart Customs, Smart Borders and Smart Connectivity," completed preparatory work for the RCEP implementation ahead of schedule, and promoted China to open wider at a high standard.

我们还有几项具体工作，在这里也给大家通报一下：

I will report some concrete work as follows:

第一，科学精准做好口岸疫情防控工作。2021年以来，海关以最坚决的态度、最迅速的行动、最有力的举措，科学精准、严格规范做好新冠肺炎疫情防控，坚决筑牢口岸检疫防线。

First, efforts were made in epidemic prevention and control in a science-based and targeted way at points of entry and exit. Since 2021, the customs has taken resolute, rapid, and strong measures to implement science-based, targeted, and strict regulations in epidemic response and strengthened quarantine inspection at points of entry and exit.

一是加强疫情的信息研判。落实“四早”要求，密切监测研判境外疫情形势，以及病毒变异、防控措施变化等情况，“一日一研判”；部署陆路口岸海关按照“一口岸一方案”的原则，进一步完善细化工作方案和应急方案，严防疫情经边境陆路口岸传入。

Step one, strengthening assessment of pandemic situation. We have strictly observed the principle of early detection, reporting, quarantine and treatment, and closely monitored and assessed the pandemic situation overseas and the situations of the virus mutation, and changing prevention and control measures, on a daily basis; and required the customs at the land border crossings to implement the principle of "targeted plan for each land border crossing," and further improved and refined their working plans and emergency responses so as to strictly prevent the virus from entering the country through the land border crossings.

二是严格口岸卫生检疫。海关从严从紧做好入境交通工具的登临检疫，对所有入境人员严格实施两道体温检测、健康声明卡核验、医学巡查、采样检测等检疫措施，充分排查所有入境人员涉疫风险。强化与地方相关部门的联防联控快速响应机制，严格做到入境人员全部移交转运和信息通报，实现无缝衔接、闭环管理。

Step two, tightening up border quarantine. The customs tightened checks on transportation vehicles before they entered China, and took a series of checking measures for people entering the country, including taking temperatures twice, checking their Health Declaration Forms, medical screening, and sampling testing to fully intercept any potential risks brought by inbound travelers. We have also strengthened the response mechanism of joint prevention and control with relevant local departments in order to transfer all inbound travelers and to have them report the relevant information, achieving seamless and closed-loop management.

三是坚持“人、物、环境同防”。海关按照国务院联防联控机制工作方案，对进口冷链食品及进口高风险非冷链集装箱货物，开展口岸环节核酸监测检测和预防性消毒监督工作；监督航空公司严格按照国务院联防联控机制有关规定对入境客运航空器开展终末消毒工作。

Step three, we adhered to the principle of "virus-prevention amidst people, goods, and the environment." The GACC, according to the working plan of the State Council's inter-agency task force, launched nucleic acid monitoring and testing at points of entry and preventive disinfection and supervision for imported cold-chain food and imported non-cold chain container goods from high-risk areas. They also supervised airlines to ensure they stringently disinfected their aircraft according to the requirements of the State Council's inter-agency task force.

四是强化个人安全防护。海关强化安全防护制度体系和监督制度落实，加大培训考核力度，严格规范个人防护操作；对高风险岗位工作人员严格实施封闭管理，口岸一线工作人员始终保持全员全程疫苗接种，加快推进加强免疫接种，严格疫苗接种后个人防护标准不降、措施不减。

Step four, personal protection has been strengthened. Chinese customs made efforts to implement a safety protection system and supervision system, enhanced training and assessment, and strictly regulated personal protective procedures. Rigorous closed-loop management was applied to people working in high-risk sectors. All the front-line workers at the port were covered by complete vaccination against COVID-19. The authority also accelerated the coverage of booster vaccinations, stressing that personal protective standards and measures should remain the same after the vaccination.

第二，全力以赴促进外贸稳增长。2021年海关聚焦市场主体关切，聚力高水平对外开放，积极落实稳外贸稳外资各项政策措施，助力进出口贸易保持稳中向好态势。

Second, we have spared no effort to promote the steady growth of foreign trade. In 2021, focusing on the concern of market entities, Chinese customs made concerted efforts to pursue high-level opening-up. We actively implemented all policies and measures stabilizing foreign trade and inbound investment to help maintain the momentum of steady and robust growth of imports and exports.

一是持续优化口岸营商环境。除特殊情况外，进出口环节涉及的38种监管证件全部可通过“单一窗口”一口受理。扩大“单一窗口”金融服务试点，惠及外贸企业23万余家，巩固压缩进出口货物整体通关时间成效。2021年12月，全国进口、出口整体通关时间分别为32.97小时和1.23小时，分别较2017年缩短了66.14%和89.98%。

The first effort was to keep improving the business environment at our ports. Except for some exceptional cases, all 38 customs supervision documents involved in imports and exports can be processed at a single window. In addition, the expansion of pilot financial services through the "Single Window System" benefited more than 230,000 foreign-trade companies, consolidating the progress in reducing the customs clearance time for imports and exports. As a result, in December 2021, the average time for customs clearance was reduced to 32.97 hours for imports and 1.23 hours for exports, which was cut by 66.14% and 89.98%, respectively, compared with that in 2017.

二是有效降低企业通关成本。实施制度创新，大力压缩制度性交易成本。2021年，从简从速为18.3万家企业在线办结备案手续。推进关税保证保险改革试点，截至2021年年底，3775家企业累计担保税款5340.2亿元，助力企业降本增效。

Secondly, customs clearance costs have been effectively reduced. We have significantly brought down government-imposed transaction costs by implementing institutional innovation. In 2021, we completed business filing procedures online for 183,000 companies in a simplified and speedy manner. In addition, we have advanced the pilot reform of customs surety insurance. By the end of 2021, the bond insurance has guaranteed a total of 534.02 billion yuan in duties and tax payments by 3,775 companies, helping them reduce costs and increase efficiency.

三是大力促进贸易新业态发展。持续优化跨境电商企业对企业（B2B）出口监管改革措施，2021年7月1日起在全国海关适用B2B直接出口、跨境电商出口海外仓监管模式，助力企业更好开拓国际市场。支持市场采购贸易扩大试点，配合有关部门完成新设市场采购试点的验收工作，目前市场采购试点已达31个。

Thirdly, we have made great efforts to develop new forms of trade. Measures to reform cross-border e-commerce B2B export supervision have been improving. Since July 1, 2021, customs authorities nationwide have applied a new supervision model to cross-border e-commerce B2B direct export and export to overseas warehouses, enabling companies to better develop the international market. We have supported the expansion of the market procurement trade pilot program and worked with related departments to evaluate new marketplaces covered by the pilot program. Up to now, a total of 31 marketplaces have been included in the market procurement trade pilot scheme.

四是积极支持对外开放新高地的发展。推动综合保税区高质量发展，支持确有需求且符合条件的地区新设综合保税区，2021年新设综合保税区8个；截至目前，全国共有168个海关特殊监管区域。我们充分发挥自贸试验区的“试验田”作用，2021年备案同意25项创新举措先行先试，助力高水平对外开放。谢谢。

Finally, we have actively supported the development of new pacesetters of opening-up. We have promoted the high-quality development of comprehensive bonded zones, and supported qualified regions that have demand for such zones to open new ones. In 2021, eight new comprehensive bonded zones were built. Up to now, there are 168 special customs supervision areas nationwide. In addition, we have given full play to the role of pilot free trade zones as the "testing ground." In 2021, we filed and approved preliminary trials on 25 innovative measures to help high-level opening-up. Thank you.

邢慧娜:

Xing Huina:

谢谢李司长，今天的发布会就先到这里，还有一些媒体没有得到提问的机会，会后可以继续和我们保持联系。谢谢各位媒体朋友们，大家再见！

Thank you, Mr. Li. Today's press conference is at this moment concluded. Those news organizations that didn't get a chance to raise questions today may continue to keep in contact with us after the press conference. Thanks to friends from the media. Goodbye.

本文来源：国新办

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