五大发展理念

Five Major Principles of Development

刘云山

Liu Yunshan

党的十八届五中全会是我们党在全面建成小康社会决胜阶段召开的一次重要会议，会议审议通过的“十三五”规划建议，明确了今后五年我国发展的指导思想、目标任务、重大举措，在发展理念、发展政策、发展体制上有一系列重大突破。习近平总书记在全会上发表重要讲话，科学回答了关系我国长远发展的许多重大理论和实践问题，以一系列富有创见的新思想新观点升华了我们党对经济社会发展规律的认识，为夺取全面建成小康社会决战胜利提供了有力思想武器。全会的成功召开，必将在中华民族发展的历史坐标中留下浓墨重彩的篇章。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂

The Fifth Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (held in October 2015) was an important meeting convened by the CPC in the decisive phase of our push to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects. Deliberated and adopted at the session, the Recommendations for the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development clearly lay out the guiding principles, objectives, tasks, and key measures for China’s development over the next five years, making a series of major breakthroughs with regard to China’s development principles, policies, and systems. During the plenary session, General Secretary Xi Jinping delivered an important speech in which he answered a number of major theoretical and practical questions pertaining to China’s long-term development. Embodying new and insightful ideas and viewpoints, Xi’s speech has enhanced the CPC’s appreciation of the laws governing economic and social development, providing us with a powerful theoretical tool that will help us to clinch victory in our push to establish a moderately prosperous society in all respects. The successful convening of the Fifth Plenary Session is sure to be remembered as an important event in the developmental history of the Chinese nation.

这次全会取得的成果很多，其中最突出的是鲜明提出创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念。这五大发展理念是贯穿全会精神的灵魂和主线，“十三五”规划建议就是按照这条主线来谋篇布局的。学习贯彻全会精神，重要的是牢固树立五大发展理念，切实落实到各方面实践之中。

Of the many outcomes achieved at the session, the most prominent was the introduction of the principles of innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared development. These five major principles of development were the soul and central theme of the Fifth Plenary Session, forming the backbone of the Recommendations for the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development. In implementing the guiding principles of the Fifth Plenary Session, it is therefore essential that we firmly uphold these principles of development and practice them in all our work.

一、深刻认识五大发展理念的重大意义

I. The significance of the five major principles of development

发展理念管全局、管根本、管方向、管长远，是战略性、纲领性、引领性的东西，直接关乎发展成效乃至成败。创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念，集中体现了今后五年乃至更长时期我国的发展思路、发展方向、发展着力点，深刻揭示了实现更高质量、更有效率、更加公平、更可持续发展的必由之路。理解五大发展理念的理论意义和实践意义，应当紧密联系大势和大局来把握。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂

Having an overall, fundamental, directional, and long-term bearing on development, a country’s principles of development constitute a matter of strategic and guiding significance, directly influencing the effectiveness of that country’s development and even its success or failure. As a crystallization of the thinking, direction, and focus of China’s development over next five years and possibly longer, the principles of innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared development demonstrate the path that we must follow in order to realize development that is higher in quality and more efficient, equitable, and sustainable. The theoretical and practical significance of these five principles of development should be appreciated in relation to the underlying trends and overall state of our development at present.

从维护和用好我国发展重要战略机遇期来看，五大发展理念是顺应时代潮流、把握发展机遇、厚植发展优势的战略抉择。当今世界，和平与发展的时代主题没有变，世界多极化、经济全球化、文化多样化、社会信息化深入发展。尽管各种不稳定不确定因素增多，但加快自身发展、提高综合实力依然是世界各国的共同追求。特别是围绕克服国际金融危机的深层影响、提高发展质量和效益，许多国家都积极创新发展理念、完善发展战略，力争以新的理念、新的战略赢得发展主动。可以说，发展问题归根到底是理念问题，发展战略竞争透射的也是发展理念之争。党的十八届五中全会提出五大发展理念，顺应了时代发展要求，汲取了各国发展的经验教训，是借鉴更是超越，有共性更有自己的特色。树立和贯彻好五大发展理念，就能使我国发展占据时代制高点，维护和用好我国发展重要战略机遇期，在日趋激烈的国际竞争中赢得更大的发展优势。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂

First, from the perspective of preserving and making effective use of the important period of strategic opportunity for China’s development, the five principles of development represent a strategic decision that has been made to respond to current trends, seize development opportunities, and cultivate developmental advantages. At present, peace and development remain the dominant themes, and the trends of multi-polarity, economic globalization, and cultural diversification, as well as the transformation of society by information technology, are continuing to progress. Though factors contributing to instability and uncertainty have been on the rise, countries of the world are still committed to accelerating their development and raising their overall strength. In a bid to overcome the deep-seated influence of the international financial crisis and raise the quality and efficiency of development, many countries are proactively introducing new development principles and refining their development strategies, striving to seize the initiative in development. It can be said that all matters concerning development ultimately boil down to a question of principles, and that competition between different development strategies ultimately reflects competition between different development principles. Responding to the needs of changing times, the five major principles of development introduced at the Fifth Plenary Session not only draw from the experiences and lessons of other countries, but also transcend these experiences, forming a philosophy of development that is universal in some respects yet still typically Chinese. By embracing and implementing these principles, China will be able to secure an edge in development, preserve and utilize the important period of strategic opportunity, and obtain a greater advantage in the midst of increasingly intense international competition.

从协调推进“四个全面”战略布局、适应和引领经济发展新常态来看，五大发展理念创造性地回答了新形势下我们要实现什么样的发展、如何实现发展的重大问题。党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为总书记的党中央提出协调推进“四个全面”战略布局，这是事关长远的顶层设计，是我们党在新的形势下治国理政的总方略。在“四个全面”战略布局中，全面建成小康社会是战略目标，处于中心位置；全面深化改革、全面依法治国是战略举措，全面从严治党是战略保证。决胜全面建成小康社会，发展始终是硬道理，是必须抓好的第一要务，同时发展也应当根据新的实践而有新的理念、新的要求。还应看到，“十三五”时期我国发展环境发生了新的变化，适应和引领经济发展新常态是必须把握好的大逻辑。新常态要有新作为，新作为要有新理念。我们党提出的五大发展理念，把握了发展速度变化、结构优化、动力转换的新特点，顺应了推动经济保持中高速增长、产业迈向中高端水平的新要求，点明了破解发展难题的新路径。发挥好五大发展理念的引领作用，才能更好推动发展方式转变，提高发展质量和效益，才能如期全面建成小康社会。 微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂

Second, from the perspective of advancing the Four Comprehensives and adapting to and guiding the new normal of economic development, the five major principles of development tell us what kind of development we should pursue and how we should go about achieving that development, thereby providing an innovative response to two major questions we now face. Since the Eighteenth National Congress of the CPC in 2012, the CPC Central Committee with Xi Jinping as General Secretary has introduced the Four Comprehensives, a top-level, long-term strategy that represents the CPC’s general principles for national governance under new circumstances. Within the Four Comprehensives, comprehensively building a moderately prosperous society represents the strategic goal, assuming the central position; comprehensively deepening reform and comprehensively advancing the rule of law represent strategic measures for attaining that goal; and comprehensively governing the Party with strict discipline represents a strategic guarantee. As we work to seal victory in our effort to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we must be aware of the fact that development remains the absolute principle and the top priority on which we must focus our efforts. We should also be aware that new principles and requirements may be needed in order to adapt to changing practice. At the same time, we should be aware that China faces a new developmental environment during its Thirteenth Five-Year Plan (2016-2020), and that adapting to and guiding the new normal of economic development will be a major theme of this period. The new normal requires new endeavors, and new endeavors call for new principles. The five major principles of development have identified the new features of China’s development, namely a change of gear in economic growth, the upgrading of the economic structure, and the shifting of growth drivers. They have responded to the new requirements of maintaining medium-high growth and moving towards a medium-high level of development; and pointed out a new path for us to overcome difficulties in development. Only by exerting the guiding role of these five major principles will we be able to further transform China’s development model, raise the quality and efficiency of development, and establish China as a moderately prosperous society in all respects on schedule.  {1}

从党的理论创新的发展历程看，五大发展理念是我们党关于发展理论的一次重大升华。我们党高度重视理论指导和理论创新，正是有了正确理论的指导，有了理论上的不断与时俱进，我们的发展道路才行稳致远、越走越宽广。改革开放30多年来，我们党总是根据形势和任务的变化，适时提出相应的发展理念和战略，引领和指导发展实践。从以经济建设为中心、发展是硬道理，到发展是党执政兴国的第一要务，到坚持科学发展、全面协调可持续发展，到坚持“五位一体”总体布局，每一次发展理念的创新和完善，都推动实现了发展的新跨越。时代在前进、实践在发展，理念创新、理论创新永无止境。党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为总书记的党中央着眼新的发展实践，深入推进党的理论创新，在发展目标、发展动力、发展布局、发展保障等方面形成了一系列新理念新思想新战略。党的十八届五中全会提出的五大发展理念，体现了对新的发展阶段基本特征的深刻洞悉，体现了对社会主义本质要求和发展方向的科学把握，标志着我们党对经济社会发展规律的认识达到了新的高度。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂

Third, from the perspective of theoretical innovation by the CPC, the five major principles of development represent a significant enhancement in the CPC’s theories on development. The CPC attaches considerable significance to the guiding role of theory and to theoretical innovation, for it is the guidance provided by correct theories and the continuous updating of these theories that has enabled us to secure the steady development and increasingly promising prospects of China’s development path. During more than 30 years of reform and opening up, the CPC has always managed to formulate development theories and strategies that accord to changing situations and tasks, thus guiding development in practice. From making economic development the central task and giving development ultimate importance, to taking development as the Party’s top priority in exercising power and rejuvenating the country; and from the Scientific Outlook on Development, which upholds comprehensive, balanced, and sustainable development, to the five-pronged overall plan for promoting economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress – each major innovation and improvement in the CPC’s development principles has brought about a leap forward in development. As the times advance and practice develops, theoretical innovation never ceases. Since the Eighteenth National Congress of the CPC, the CPC Central Committee with Xi Jinping as General Secretary has advanced the Party’s theoretical innovation in light of new experiences in development, formulating a series of new principles, ideas, and strategies pertaining to development targets, drivers, layouts, and guarantees. The five major principles of development introduced at the Fifth Plenary Session embody CPC’s penetrating insight into the basic features of a new phase of development, and reflect a scientific understanding of the inherent requirements and developmental direction of socialism, demonstrating that our Party’s understanding of the laws governing economic and social development has reached a new high. 

总而言之，创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念，是我们党的重大理论创新成果，是对我们党关于发展理论的丰富和发展，是中国特色社会主义理论体系的重要组成部分，是我国经济社会发展必须长期坚持的重要遵循。要深刻认识五大发展理念的重大意义，使之真正成为引领发展实践、开创美好未来的一面旗帜。

In short, the principles of innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared development represent a major theoretical innovation of the CPC, an enrichment and extension of its theories on development, an important component of the theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and as well as an important guideline which China’s economic and social development must follow on a long-term basis. For this reason, it is essential that we fully appreciate the significance of these five major principles of development and truly turn them into a banner that will guide development and help to create a brighter future. 

二、深入把握五大发展理念的基本内涵和实践要求

II. The basic connotations and practical requirements of the five major principles of development

对五大发展理念的基本内涵和实践要求，习近平总书记重要讲话和“十三五”规划建议作了深刻阐述。概括起来讲，就是要深刻认识创新是引领发展的第一动力，把创新摆在国家发展全局的核心位置，让创新贯穿党和国家一切工作，让创新在全社会蔚然成风；深刻认识协调是持续健康发展的内在要求，牢牢把握中国特色社会主义事业总体布局，正确处理发展中的重大关系，不断增强发展整体性；深刻认识绿色是永续发展的必要条件和人民对美好生活追求的重要体现，坚定走生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路，推进美丽中国建设；深刻认识开放是国家繁荣发展的必由之路，奉行互利共赢的开放战略，发展更高层次的开放型经济；深刻认识共享是中国特色社会主义的本质要求，坚持发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享，朝着共同富裕方向稳步前进。在学习贯彻全会精神过程中，领会好五大发展理念的基本内涵和实践要求，有这样五个方面需要深刻把握。

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The basic connotations and practical requirements of the five major principles of development were detailed in General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important speech at the Fifth Plenary Session and in the Recommendations for the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development. They can be summarized in the following five aspects. First, recognizing that innovation is the primary driving force behind development, we must place innovation at the center of national development, allow innovation to permeate all aspects of Party and government work, and foster a climate of innovation throughout our society. Second, recognizing that coordination is an inherent requirement of sustained and healthy development, we must firmly adhere to the overall plan for advancing socialism with Chinese characteristics, properly balance major relationships in development, and work constantly to achieve more holistic development. Third, recognizing that green development is a prerequisite of sustainable development and an important embodiment of the better life that people desire, we must commit to a path of civilized development characterized by increased levels of production, higher standards of living, and sound ecological environments and promote the building of a beautiful China. Fourth, recognizing that opening up is essential to achieving national prosperity and development, we must carry out a mutually beneficial strategy of opening up and develop an economy with a higher level of openness. Fifth, recognizing that sharing is an essential requirement of Chinese socialism, we must remain committed to the principle that development is for the people, dependent on the people, and that its fruits are shared by the people and move steadily towards common prosperity. As we are studying and implementing the guiding principles of the Fifth Plenary Session, it is essential that we grasp the basic connotations and practical requirements of the five principles, particularly the following five aspects.

——五大发展理念体现着党的思想路线的本质要求，蕴含着解放思想、与时俱进的思想品格。树立和践行五大发展理念，是关系我国发展全局的一场深刻变革，意味着对传统发展思路和发展方式的根本转变，也必然伴随着思想的解放、观念的更新。要从党的思想路线的高度看待问题，注重从思想方法和思维方式上解决问题，深刻认识发展是一个不断变化的过程，发展环境、发展条件不会一成不变，发展理念自然也不会一成不变。面对新的发展实践，有些东西过去有效，现在未必有效；有些过去不合时宜，现在却势在必行；有些过去不可逾越，现在则需要突破。这就需要领导干部把解放思想作为总开关，树立与时代和实践发展相适应的思维方式，坚决破除那些片面追求GDP、拼资源拼投入、重城市轻农村、先污染后治理、重效率轻公平等陈旧观念，以新的发展理念引领新的发展实践。树立和践行五大发展理念，不能停留在口头上，而要作为行为标尺，自觉对照检验我们的实际工作，符合的就鼓励和支持，不符合的就反对和摒弃，更好地在解放思想中跟上时代，在转变观念中赢得新的发展。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂

1. The five major principles of development reflect the essential requirements of CPC’s ideological line, embodying the Party’s commitment to freeing minds and developing with the times. {1}

The introduction of the five principles of development represents a profound change that will have a bearing on China’s overall development. It implies a fundamental shift in our traditional approaches to and means of development, and is sure to be accompanied by a process of freeing minds and updating ideas. Viewing problems from the perspective of the Party’s ideological line, we should lay emphasis on solving problems by changing our ways of thinking. We need to be keenly aware that development is a process of constant change, that development environments and conditions are never certain, and that development principles are equally subject to change. In the face of new developmental experiences, approaches once deemed effective may no longer yield the same effects; practices once considered inappropriate may now be imperative; and barriers once thought to be insurmountable may now need to be breached. Leading officials are therefore required to uphold the guiding principle of freeing minds, and foster ways of thinking that are compatible with current trends and state of development. Resolutely discarding outdated notions such as exclusively pursuing GDP growth, relying solely on resource exploitation and input, emphasizing the development of urban areas over rural areas, polluting first and cleaning up later, and putting efficiency before equity, we need to formulate new principles to guide new development practices. In upholding and implementing the five major principles of development, we cannot confine ourselves to mere talk. Rather, we must take these principles as a code of practice, consciously using them to gauge our work. Practices that conform to the five principles should be encouraged and supported, while those that contravene them must be opposed and abandoned. In this way, we will be able to keep up with the times as we free our minds, and achieve new development as we embrace new ways of thinking.

——五大发展理念来自于发展经验和教训的深刻启示，蕴含着尊重规律、按规律办事的实践逻辑。在发展问题上，我们既有成功经验，也有深刻教训。成功经验在哪里，重要的是坚持从实际出发，按客观规律办事；教训也主要反映在脱离实际上。一个时期以来，一些地方片面发展、畸形发展，一些地方竭泽而渔、寅吃卯粮，一些地方与民争利、忽视民生，等等，带来了诸多矛盾和问题。习近平总书记强调：我们的发展，必须是遵循经济规律的科学发展，必须是遵循自然规律的可持续发展，必须是遵循社会规律的包容性发展。党的十八届五中全会提出五大发展理念，从根本上说，就是要把发展更好建立在把握规律、按规律办事的基础上，实现更有质量、更高水平的发展。贯彻好五大发展理念，就要增强规律意识，在研究和把握规律中认识发展的新内涵、新要求。要注重适应和引领经济发展新常态，坚持发展速度、质量和效益的有机统一，统筹做好稳增长、促改革、调结构、惠民生、防风险的各项工作；注重绿色富国、绿色惠民，尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然，推动形成绿色发展方式和生活方式；注重加强社会建设、创新社会治理，把改革力度、发展速度与社会可承受程度统一起来，使改革发展成果更多更公平惠及全体人民。在全面建成小康社会进程中，要始终坚持从实际出发，不搞整齐划一、不搞大干快上、不搞层层加码、不作难以兑现的承诺，做到因地制宜、因事制宜，一步一个脚印地做好工作。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂

2. The five major principles of development are derived from our experiences and lessons in development, and embody the underlying logic of respecting objective laws and abiding by them.

With regard to development, we have not only experienced success, but also learned profound lessons. Where we found success, the important thing to note is that we proceeded on the basis of reality and acted in accordance with objective laws; and where we did not, the main reason was that we were detached from reality. For a period of time, localities in some parts of the country have acted in an unbalanced and abnormal way in their development strategy, in some cases by exhausting natural resources and spending beyond their means, and in others by contending with the people in pursuit of interests and neglecting their livelihood. This has been the cause of many problems. As General Secretary Xi has stressed, our approach must be scientific development that respects economic laws, sustainable development that respects natural laws, and inclusive development that respects social laws. Fundamentally speaking, the five major principles of development introduced at the Fifth Plenary Session aim to establish development more firmly on the basis of understanding and respecting objective laws, so that development of a higher quality and standard can be attained. In implementing the five major principles of development, we must raise our awareness of objective laws and grasp new connotations and requirements of development by studying and observing objective laws. We should lay emphasis on adapting to and guiding the new normal of economic development; maintain a close balance between the pace, quality, and efficiency of development; and coordinate our efforts in stabilizing growth, advancing reform, promoting restructuring, improving wellbeing, and preventing risks. At the same time, we should take a green approach to developing a prosperous China and ensuring the wellbeing of its people; respect, accommodate, and protect nature; and promote a green model of development and way of living. We should also lay emphasis on strengthening social development and making innovations in social governance; strike a balance between the intensity of reform, the pace of development, and the capacity of the society to cope with change; and ensure that all people can benefit from the fruits of reform and development more thoroughly and more fairly. As we are working to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects, it is imperative that we adhere to the principle of proceeding on the basis of reality. Rather than enforcing uniform standards, rushing to obtain quick results, engaging in blind competition, and making promises we cannot fulfill, we should carry out our tasks one step at a time, bearing in mind different situations and local conditions.

——五大发展理念是针对我国发展中的突出矛盾和问题提出来的，贯穿着鲜明的问题导向。在实践中发现和解决问题，是我们认识世界、改造世界的重要方法。五大发展理念以问题为牵引，直指我国发展中的突出矛盾和问题。创新发展注重解决发展动力问题，协调发展注重解决发展不平衡问题，绿色发展注重解决人与自然和谐问题，开放发展注重解决发展内外联动问题，共享发展注重解决社会公平正义问题。可以说，五大发展理念既抓住了制约发展的症结，又开出了解决问题的良方。贯彻五大发展理念，也要增强问题意识、强化问题导向，瞄着问题去、追着问题走，在破解发展难题中实现发展的新进步。抓问题还要注意抓薄弱环节，解决问题应当紧紧扭住短板、全力做好补齐短板这篇大文章。无论是制定具体规划，还是出台政策措施、完善体制机制，都要着力补短板、解难题，在攻坚克难中增强经济社会发展的协同性平衡性。

3. The five major principles of development have been introduced in response to prominent issues that China has encountered in development, which means they are distinctly oriented towards the resolution of problems.

Identifying and solving problems in practice represents a major means by which we understand and reshape the world around us. Taking aim at real issues, the five major principles of development have been introduced with the clear purpose of solving acute problems in China’s development. Specifically, innovative development is concerned with the issue of growth impetus; coordinated development is concerned with unbalanced development; green development is concerned with harmony between humankind and nature; open development is concerned with interaction between domestic development and opening up to the world; and shared development is concerned with social equity and justice. We can therefore say that the five major principles of development have not only diagnosed the problems hindering China’s development, but have also prescribed the cure for their resolution. In implementing the five principles, it is also important that we raise our awareness of problems, orient our initiatives towards problems, and set our sights on the resolution of problems, so as to achieve new progress whilst addressing challenges in development. As we are grappling with problems, we need to focus on the weak links; and as we are resolving problems, we need to gain a firm grasp of shortcomings and spare no effort in remedying them. Regardless of whether we are formulating detailed plans, unveiling policies and measures, or improving systems and mechanisms, we need to lay emphasis on making up for deficiencies and solving problems, so as to achieve economic and social development that is more coordinated and balanced in the process of tackling challenges.

——五大发展理念坚持发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享，彰显着人民至上的价值取向。为什么人、由谁享有的问题，是发展要解决的根本问题，也是衡量一个政党、一个国家性质的试金石。我们是共产党领导的社会主义国家，理所当然要把实现好维护好发展好最广大人民根本利益，作为发展的根本出发点和落脚点。五大发展理念贯穿着鲜明的百姓导向、民生导向，反映着我们党立党为公、执政为民的根本宗旨。要始终坚持人民主体地位，坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，把实现人民幸福作为发展的目的和归宿。越是发展到更高层次、更高水平，越要坚持人人参与、人人尽力、人人享有，越要坚持全体人民共同富裕。要全面把握和推动落实共享发展的政策措施，凡是为民造福的事情就要千方百计做好，凡是损害群众利益的事情就坚决不做，使全面建成小康社会的过程成为增进人民福祉、促进公平正义的过程。要着眼于坚决打赢“十三五”脱贫攻坚战，下大力气解决收入差距过大、公共服务供给不足、社会保障滞后、教育和就业机会不均等突出问题，使发展更具公平性、普惠性，让人民群众有更多获得感、幸福感。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂

4. The five major principles of development uphold the notion that development is for the people, dependent on the people, and that its fruits are shared by the people, demonstrating that the people come first.

For whom are we seeking development? And who will benefit from the fruits of development? These are two fundamental questions pertaining to development that must be answered. They are also an indicator of the nature of a political party or a nation. Given that we are a socialist country led by the CPC, realizing, safeguarding, and developing the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people doubtlessly represent both the starting point and ultimate goal of our development. With a distinct focus on the people and their livelihood, the five principles reflect the fundamental tenet of the CPC, i.e., to serve the public good and govern for the people. With a firm commitment to upholding the position of the people as the principal actors in the country, we must adhere to a people-centered notion of development and make the wellbeing of the people the purpose and ultimate goal of China’s development. The higher our level of development, the stronger our commitment must be to allowing all people to participate in, devote themselves to, and share the fruits of development, and the more resolutely we should pursue common prosperity for all Chinese people. In particular, we need to fully grasp and implement policies and measures related to shared development. Any undertaking that benefits the people must be accomplished by every means possible, while any practice that harms the people’s interests must be avoided. In this way, the process of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects can become a process of improving people’s wellbeing and promoting social equity and justice. With a commitment to overcoming poverty during the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan (2016-2020), we need to make major efforts to address an overly large income gap, insufficient public services, a lagging social security system, and unequal opportunities in education and employment, so as to ensure that development can be more equal and inclusive and that people can achieve a stronger sense of gain and happiness.

——五大发展理念是具有内在联系的集合体，体现着辩证思维和统筹兼顾的科学方法论。创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念，相互贯通、相互促进，有着深刻的内在联系。这五大发展理念，主题主旨相通、目标指向一致，统一于“四个全面”战略布局和“五位一体”总体布局中，统一于坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的实践中，统一于实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴中国梦的历史进程中。这五大发展理念，既各有侧重又相互支撑，共同构成了一个开辟未来发展前景的顶层设计，构成了一个系统化的逻辑体系。把握好五大发展理念，要树立全面系统的思维，掌握科学统筹的方法，一起用力贯彻落实，不能顾此失彼，也不能相互替代。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂

5. The five major principles of development represent an interconnected whole, manifesting dialectic thinking and the scientific methodology of balancing many considerations.

The principles of innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared development are closely interconnected and mutually reinforcing, demonstrating a profound internal relationship. Sharing a similar theme and goal, these five development principles come together as one under the Four Comprehensives and the five-pronged overall plan for promoting economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress; come together as one in the effort to uphold and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics; and come together as one in the process of realizing the “Two Centenary Goals” and the Chinese dream of national rejuvenation. Within the five principles, each one not only has its own particular emphasis, but also provides support for the others. In this way the five principles combine to form a top-level design for future development and a holistic logical system. To fully grasp the five major principles of development, we should adopt a comprehensive way of thinking, master scientific and coordinated methods, and promote the balanced implementation of each principle, refraining from emphasizing one aspect at the expense of the others or replacing one with another.  

（本文系中共中央政治局常委、中央书记处书记、中央党校校长刘云山2015年11月12日在中央党校2015年秋季学期第二批入学学员开学典礼上的讲话，发表时有删节。）　

(This is an excerpt of a speech delivered by Liu Yunshan, Member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, Member of its Secretariat, and President of the School of the CPC Central Committee, on November 12, 2015, at the inauguration of the fall 2015 semester of the School of the CPC Central Committee. The text has been edited and abridged for publication.)