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非传统安全威胁与国际反恐合作

Non-Traditional Security Threats and International Counter-Terrorism Cooperation

——外交部副部长罗照辉在“共同应对新形势下的恐怖主义”国际研讨会上的致辞

– Remarks by H.E. Luo Zhaohui, Vice Foreign Minister of China, at the International Seminar on Joint Response to Terrorism under the New Circumstances

2020年12月22日

22 December 2020

各位同事，

女士们，先生们：

Dear Colleagues,

Ladies and Gentlemen,

下午好！

Good afternoon.

很高兴出席中国国际问题研究院主办的“共同应对新形势下的恐怖主义”国际研讨会。我谨代表中国外交部对此次研讨会召开表示祝贺，对中国国研院为筹办此次会议所做工作表示感谢。

It is a great pleasure to attend this seminar hosted by the China Institute of International Studies (CIIS). On behalf of the Foreign Ministry of China, I wish to express congratulations on the opening of the seminar and appreciation for all the preparations made by the CIIS.

明年是冷战结束30周年，也是“9·11”事件发生20周年。回首30年国际社会应对非传统安全威胁的历史，我们可以得出几点重要结论。

Next year will mark the 30th anniversary of the end of the Cold War and the 20th anniversary of the 9/11 attacks. As we review the non-traditional security threats the international community faced in the past three decades, we may come to a few conclusions.

第一，冷战结束，特别是“9·11”以来，非传统安全威胁呈现多发、频发态势，越来越成为人类面临的主要威胁。从“9·11”，到非典，再到印度洋大海啸、金融危机，直至今日世纪疫情大流行，均一再印证了这一点。

First, since the end of the Cold War, especially after 9/11, non-traditional security threats have grown in number and frequency, and increasingly become a major threat to humanity. The 9/11 terror attacks, the SARS outbreak, the Indian Ocean tsunami, the global financial crisis and the ongoing pandemic have proved this point time and again.

第二，非传统安全威胁需要跨国应对。世界是地球村，人类是命运共同体，任何国家都不能独善其身。同舟共济，携手应对，才是解决非传统安全威胁的正途。非典、海啸、金融危机，莫不如此。“9·11”一度高度凝聚国际社会反恐共识。全球迄今应对新冠疫情的经验，也突出证明了这一点。

Second, non-traditional security threats require transnational responses. In a global village, we live in a community with a shared future and no one is immune to common threats. Therefore, working in solidarity like passengers in the same boat is the only right way to address non-traditional security threats. This was how we dealt with the SARS outbreak, the Indian Ocean tsunami and the global financial crisis. 9/11 brought the international community together on counter-terrorism. Our experience so far with COVID-19 also underlines the need for a collective response.

第三，应对非传统安全问题，应当是连贯的，可持续的，立足长远，不应是应激反应式。危机管控是必要的，但要持续应对，否则威胁就会卷土重来，努力就会前功尽弃。2003年的非典，2014年的埃博拉，今年的新冠肺炎疫情，都表明全球公共卫生安全应当常抓不懈。

Third, response to non-traditional security issues should be based on a coherent and sustainable approach; we need a long-term view instead of knee-jerk reaction. While crisis management is necessary, sustained efforts are imperative. Otherwise, previous threats may reemerge, and all hard-won gains may be lost. The SARS outbreak in 2003, the Ebola outbreak in 2014 and COVID-19 this year all show that global public health security demands our sustained attention.

第四，应当反思国际反恐合作。全球反恐取得重要进展，但恐怖活动持续猖獗，滋生恐怖主义土壤依然存在。反恐共识不牢固，未能形成可持续战略。个别国家奉行单边主义和霸凌行径，将反恐政治化、工具化，严重干扰国际反恐合作，值得我们高度警觉。

Fourth, reflection on international counter-terrorism cooperation is needed. The global fight against terrorism has made important progress. However, terrorist activities remain rampant, the breeding ground is yet to be eradicated, international common understanding needs strengthening, and a sustainable strategy is yet to take form. Opting for unilateralist and bullying practices, a certain country has politicized counter-terrorism and turned it into a convenient tool. This has caused serious disruption to international counter-terrorism cooperation, and we all need to be on high alert.

朋友们，

Friends,

黑格尔说过，人类从历史中学到的唯一教训，就是从未从历史中汲取任何教训。

As Georg W. F. Hegel noted, the only thing we learn from history is that we learn nothing from history.

世界各地仍在频繁发生的恐袭事件警醒我们，恐怖主义并未远去，国际反恐合作任重道远，只能加强，不能削弱。反恐应当坚持多边主义，坚持综合施策，坚持统一标准，坚持开放包容。

Frequent terrorist attacks around the world remind us that terrorism has never gone away. International counter-terrorism cooperation still has a long way to go, and must be strengthened, not weakened. In fighting terrorism, we must uphold multilateralism, adopt a comprehensive approach, follow a unified standard, and embrace openness and inclusiveness.

中国是国际反恐阵线重要成员，是国际反恐合作的积极参与者和贡献者。中方同各国开展卓有成效的反恐和去极端化政策交流，同时通过自身努力为国际反恐进程提供中国方案。过去一段时间，中国新疆饱受恐怖主义和极端思潮侵害，暴恐势力在新疆策划实施数千起暴恐案件，造成大量无辜民众伤亡。为了维护新疆各族人民安全，新疆既依法严厉打击暴力恐怖犯罪，又重视开展源头治理，着力保障和改善民生，普及法律知识，增强法治意识，积极开展帮扶教育，取得良好效果。过去4年来，新疆没有发生暴恐事件，社会安宁和谐，人民安居乐业。实践证明，新疆采取的反恐和去极端化举措卓有成效，为去极端化全球努力积累了有益经验，是中国对国际反恐的重要贡献。

China is an important member of the international fight against terrorism and an active participant in and contributor to counter-terrorism cooperation. We have engaged in productive exchanges with other countries on counter-terrorism and deradicalization policies, and contributed useful experience to the international effort. A few years ago, China’s Xinjiang region suffered greatly from terrorism and radical ideologies. Violent terrorists plotted and executed several thousand attacks, leading to the loss of many innocent lives and injuries. To protect the lives of people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang, the region has cracked down on violent terrorism according to law, and at the same time, endeavored to remove the root causes of terrorism. Local governments have worked hard to raise people’s living standards, enhance legal literacy, and provide education and general awareness-raising against extremism and terrorism. These efforts have made a difference. Over the past four years, Xinjiang has been free from terrorist attacks; people there enjoy a tranquil and harmonious social environment. It is a concrete proof that the counter-terrorism and deradicalization measures taken in Xinjiang are effective. They offer useful experience to global deradicalizaiton efforts and represent China’s contribution to the international counter-terrorism endeavor.

“东伊运”是联合国安理会列名的恐怖组织。打击“东伊运”是中国反恐核心关切，也是全球反恐斗争的重要组成部分。令人遗憾的是，个别国家在反恐问题上奉行“双重标准”，公然撤销对“东伊运”恐怖组织认定，洗白和纵容“东伊运”。此举明显违背国际共识，破坏反恐合作。我们相信并期待，各方会认清“东伊运”暴恐本质和严重危害，反对撤销对其恐怖组织认定，继续携手打击，直至铲除这一毒瘤。

The Eastern Turkistan Islamic Movement (ETIM) is a terrorist group listed by the UN Security Council. Combating ETIM is a core concern in China’s counter-terrorism efforts and an integral part of the global counter-terrorism endeavor. Regrettably, a certain country, in a blatant act of double standards, has revoked the designation of ETIM as a terrorist organization, which will only whitewash and embolden ETIM, breach international consensus and undermine counter-terrorism cooperation. We trust and expect that the international community will be clear-eyed about the violent, terrorist nature of ETIM and its grave danger, oppose the delisting of the group, and continue to work together to curtail the terrorist group until this security tumor is uprooted.

在此，我愿强调中方几点政策主张。

Here, I wish to share China’s propositions on counter-terrorism.

一、要坚定捍卫国际共识。国际反恐共识是人类历经劫难后的宝贵智慧。我们应坚信团结合作是应对恐怖主义最有力武器，跳出小圈子和“零和博弈”思维，始终站在国际正义一边，明辨是非曲直，旗帜鲜明反对损害和侵蚀国际反恐共识的单边、利己和霸凌行径，确保反恐沿着正确方向前进。

First, it is important to uphold international consensus. The international consensus on counter-terrorism is a valuable lesson we draw from numerous tragedies humanity has gone through. We need to keep our faith in unity and cooperation as the most powerful weapon against terrorism, rise above exclusive-block or zero-sum mentality, stand on the side of international justice, make decisions based on the merits of matters, and resolutely reject unilateral, selfish and bullying acts that only jeopardize and erode international consensus on terrorism. Only when our consensus is kept intact can we ensure that the counter-terrorism endeavor stay in the right direction.

二、要积极采取有效行动。针对恐怖主义新趋势和新特点，支持联合国发挥中心协调作用，支持各方深入沟通立场，强化行动协调，创新应对手段，综合施策，着力解决网络恐怖主义、外国恐怖作战分子、极端化、恐怖融资等突出难题。高度重视疫情对反恐影响，防止恐怖组织利用疫情煽动和实施恐怖活动。

Second, it is important to adopt effective measures. In view of the new trends and new features of terrorist activities, we need to support the UN in playing a central coordinating role, support more coordination of positions and actions, and support creative and multi-pronged solutions to tackle cyber-terrorism, foreign terrorist fighters, radicalization, terrorist financing and other outstanding issues. More attention should be paid to the impact of COVID-19 so that terrorist organizations will not be able to use the pandemic to instigate and execute attacks.

三、要坚持统一标准。恐怖主义就是恐怖主义，没有好坏之分。历史反复证明，纵恐必定害己，养虎只会贻患。应采取零容忍、无差别态度，不论恐怖分子身在何地、打着什么旗号，都必须坚决予以打击。应摒弃意识形态偏见，坚决反对“双重标准”。不能将恐怖主义与特定国家、民族和宗教挂钩。

Third, it is important to follow a unified standard. There is no “good” or “bad” terrorism, but just terrorism. History has proven time and again that abetting terrorism will ultimately backfire. We must adopt a zero-tolerance, indiscriminate approach and resolutely crack down upon terrorists wherever they are and on whatever ground. We should reject ideological biases or double standards, and avoid linking terrorism with any particular country, ethnicity or religion.

四、要坚决铲除恐怖土壤。发展是解决一切问题的总钥匙。我们要标本兼治，促进发展中国家的经济社会发展，切实减轻和消除贫困。要大力支持发展中国家，特别是反恐前沿国家提升反恐和去极端化能力，通过物资援助、人员培训等方式，夯实反恐战线每一个链条。要加大各国专家学者交流互鉴，为国际反恐提供有力智力支持。

Fourth, it is important to deny terrorism its breeding ground. Development holds the master key to all problems. We need to address both the symptoms and root causes of terrorism, facilitate economic and social development in developing countries, and effectively alleviate and eradicate poverty. Developing countries, particularly those at the forefront of combating terrorism, should receive strong support, in the form of material assistance, personnel training and others, to help them build capacity in counter-terrorism and deradicalization and reinforce every link in the battle against terrorism. Expert and academic exchanges should be encouraged to provide intellectual input to international counter-terrorism efforts.

最后，我建议今后机制化举行反恐国际研讨会，以凝聚反恐共识，保持反恐势头。可考虑下次会议发表联合新闻稿，并邀请更多国家出席。预祝研讨会圆满成功！谢谢各位！

Last but not least, I suggest that this seminar be held on a regular basis to build consensus and keep up the momentum of counter-terrorism. Next time, we may consider issuing a press release and inviting more countries. Finally, I wish the seminar a full success. Thank you.

文章来源：外交部

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