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双语：中国共产党十九届四中全会新闻发布会（中英对照）

徐麟:

Xu Lin:

女士们、先生们，上午好。欢迎出席中国共产党十九届四中全会新闻发布会。10月28日-31日，中国共产党第十九届中央委员会第四次全体会议在北京召开，境内外媒体十分关注。为帮助记者朋友更好了解全会情况，今天我们请来六个部门的负责人介绍有关情况，并回答大家的提问。

Ladies and gentlemen, good morning. Welcome to the press conference on the fourth plenary session of the 19th Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee. The fourth plenary session was convened Oct. 28 to 31 in Beijing, attracting great attention of Chinese and foreign media. To help media friends get a better understanding of the meeting, today, we have invited the heads of six departments to introduce related issues and answer some of your questions.

出席今天发布会的有：中央宣传部分管日常工作的副部长、中央政策研究室副主任王晓晖先生；中央政策研究室分管日常工作的副主任江金权先生；中央财经委员会办公室分管日常工作的副主任韩文秀先生；全国人大常委会法工委主任、港澳基本法委主任沈春耀先生；司法部党组书记、副部长袁曙宏先生；全国政协副秘书长舒启明先生。

Present at today's conference are: Mr. Wang Xiaohui, deputy head in charge of routine work of the Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and deputy director of the Policy Research Office of the CPC Central Committee; Mr. Jiang Jinquan, deputy director in charge of routine work of the Policy Research Office of the CPC Central Committee; Mr. Han Wenxiu, deputy director in charge of routine work of the Office of the Central Committee for Financial and Economic Affairs; Mr. Shen Chunyao, director of the Legislative Affairs Commission and the Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions Basic Law Committee of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress; Mr. Yuan Shuhong, vice minister and secretary of the Leading CPC Members Group of the Ministry of Justice; and Mr. Shu Qiming, deputy secretary-general of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

今天现场也有许多外国记者朋友，为方便大家更好了解情况，发布会采取全场同声传译，如记者朋友用外语提问，提问部分会交传成中文。

Since there are many foreign reporters on the site, simultaneous interpretation service is provided to help you learn about the situation. If you ask questions in English, we will provide translations on the spot.

下面，先请王晓晖先生介绍全会有关情况。

Now, Mr. Wang Xiaohui will make an introduction of the plenary session.

王晓晖:

Wang Xiaohui:

各位记者朋友，大家上午好。非常高兴向大家介绍中共十九届四中全会的有关情况。刚才主持人讲到中国共产党第十九届中央委员会第四次全体会议于2019年10月28号至31号在北京举行。会议由中央政治局主持。会议听取和讨论了习近平总书记受中央政治局委托做的工作报告。全会充分肯定、高度评价了党的十九届三中全会以来中央政治局的工作。会议审议通过了《中共中央关于坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化若干重大问题的决定》。会议还审议通过了递补中央委员和纪律处分的决定。会议结束时，习近平总书记发表了重要讲话。会议圆满完成了各项议程。

Friends from the media, good morning. It's my pleasure to brief you on the fourth plenary session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC). As the chairperson has just said, the fourth plenary session, presided over by the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, was convened from Oct. 28 to 31 in Beijing. The plenary session heard and discussed the work report delivered by Xi Jinping, general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, as being entrusted by the Political Bureau. It fully recognized and highly praised the bureau's work since the third plenary session of the 19th CPC Central Committee. It reviewed and approved the Decision of the CPC Central Committee on Some Major Issues Concerning Upholding and Improving Socialism with Chinese Characteristics and Modernizing National Governance System and Capacity. It also reviewed and approved the decisions to fill the vacancies on the CPC Central Committee, and impose disciplinary penalties on a rule breaker. At the conclusion of the plenary session, General Secretary Xi delivered an important speech. All items of the session's agenda were completed.

用一次中央全会专门研究国家制度和国家治理问题并作出决定，这在我们党的历史上还是第一次。所以我觉得对这次全会的历史地位及其深远影响，应当放在党和国家事业发展全局和长远发展中来认识和把握。

This is the first time for the Party to use a plenary session to discuss the country's system and governance issues, and make decisions on them. From my point of view, to understand the historical position and the far-reaching influence of the fourth plenary session, we should relate it to the overall situation and long-term advancement of the causes of the Party and the country.

首先，这次全会是在关键时期召开的一次重要会议。现在，我国正处在实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标的历史交汇点上。从国际看，世界发展面临百年未有之大变局，中国发展的外部环境更趋复杂。从国内看，我国正处于实现中华民族伟大复兴关键时期，决胜全面建成小康社会进入收官阶段。今年又恰逢新中国成立70周年，我们觉得在这样一个时刻需要更好地总结过去、规划未来。在这样的大背景下，在这样的时间节点上，召开十九届四中全会，更加凸显了会议的特殊性和战略性。

First, this plenary session is an important meeting held at a critical moment. Currently, China is at a crucial moment in fulfilling the "two centenary goals." Internationally, the world today is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century, making the external environment for China's development more complicated. Domestically, China is in a crucial period of achieving national rejuvenation, and has entered the final stage of securing a decisive victory in establishing a moderately prosperous society in all respects. This year marks the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China. At this moment, we need to better reflect on the past and plan for the future. The background and the timing make the plenary session particularly important with special strategic significance.　

其次，这次全会主题重大、事关根本。坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度，推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化是关系党和国家事业兴旺发达、国家长治久安、人民幸福安康的重大问题。党中央决定用一次全会就这个重大问题进行研究，是从政治上、全局上、战略上全面考量，立足当前、着眼长远作出的重大决策，充分体现了以习近平同志为核心的党中央高瞻远瞩的战略眼光和强烈的历史担当。

Second, the theme of the plenary session is of fundamental importance. Upholding and improving socialism with Chinese characteristics and modernizing the national governance system and capacity is vital to advancing the causes of the Party and the country, to the long-term stability of the country, and to the wellbeing of the people. The CPC Central Committee decided to use a plenary session to discuss this important issue from its comprehensive judgment of the political situation, the overall national situation and the existing strategies. The decision made according to the current situation with a view to the future fully demonstrates the broad and long-term strategic vision and the strong sense of responsibility of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core.

这既是坚定“四个自信”，毫不动摇坚持中国特色社会主义方向的政治宣示，也是统筹伟大斗争、伟大工程、伟大事业、伟大梦想，坚定不移将新时代改革开放推向前进的政治动员。

It is a political declaration of increasing confidence in the path, theory, system and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics to unswervingly uphold socialism with Chinese characteristics. It is also a political mobilization to carry out our great struggle, advance our great cause, develop our great project and realize our great dream to unswervingly promote reform and opening-up in the new era.

第三，这次全会成果丰硕，影响深远。全会最重要的成果就是审议通过了《决定》。《决定》最大的历史贡献是全面回答了在我国国家制度和国家治理上，应该“坚持和巩固什么、完善和发展什么”这个重大政治问题。《决定》全面总结了中国特色社会主义制度建设的历史性成就，集中概括了中国特色社会主义制度和国家治理体系的显著优势，深刻阐述了支撑中国特色社会主义制度的根本制度、基本制度、重要制度，明确了坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的总体要求、总体目标和重点任务，既有理论上的新概括又有实践上的新要求，是坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的政治宣言和行动纲领。

Third, the plenary session is a fruitful meeting that will have a far-reaching influence. Its most important outcome is the Decision. The Decision's greatest historical contribution is finding answers to important political questions of "What to uphold and consolidate? What to improve and develop?". The Decision encapsulates the historical achievements in building socialism with Chinese characteristics. It summarizes the distinct advantages of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the country's governance system. It also expounds on the fundamental, basic and important systems that support socialism with Chinese characteristics. It identifies the overall requirements, overall objectives and major tasks of upholding and improving socialism with Chinese characteristics and modernizing the national governance system and capacity. There are both new conclusions of theories and new requirements for implementation. The Decision thus serves as a political declaration and a plan of action for upholding and improving socialism with Chinese characteristics and modernizing the national governance system and capacity.

总之，四中全会是一次具有开创性、里程碑意义的重要会议。我们相信，随着四中全会精神的贯彻落实，必将对推动中国特色社会主义制度更加成熟更加定型、把我国制度优势更好转化为国家治理优势，产生重大而深远的影响。谢谢！

To sum up, the fourth plenary session is a groundbreaking and landmark event of great importance. We believe that with the implementation of its principles, it must have a significant and far-reaching influence on promoting socialism with Chinese characteristics to be more mature and complete, and on better translating the advantages of socialism with Chinese characteristics into the strengths of our national governance. Thank you.

徐麟:

Xu Lin:

谢谢王晓晖先生。下面请江金权先生介绍坚持和完善党的领导制度体系部分的有关情况。

Thank you, Mr. Wang Xiaohui. Now, Mr. Jiang Jinquan will make an introduction to issues related to upholding and improving the Party's leadership.

江金权:

Jiang Jinquan:

女士们、先生们，上午好。中国共产党领导是中国特色社会主义最本质的特征，是中国特色社会主义制度的最大优势。历史和现实都表明，在中国这样一个大国，没有中国共产党领导，必然四分五裂，一事无成。党的十九届四中全会第一次系统描绘了中国特色社会主义制度的图谱，它由13个部分组成，其中，党的领导制度是国家的根本领导制度，它统领和贯穿其它12个方面的制度。这次全会着眼于健全总揽全局、协调各方的党的领导制度体系，提出了6个方面的要求。

Ladies and gentlemen, good morning. The leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC) is the defining feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and the greatest strength of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics. Both history and present circumstances attest that in a big country like China, without CPC's leadership, the country would fall apart, and accomplish nothing. For the first time, the fourth plenary session has defined the elements of the socialism with Chinese characteristics, and broken it down into 13 aspects. Among them, the CPC's leadership is the fundamental leadership system for the country, which governs and runs through the other 12 aspects. The plenary session looked to improve the leadership system to ensure the CPC always provides overall leadership and coordinates the efforts of all involved. It put forth six requirements.

一是建立不忘初心、牢记使命的制度。坚守党的初心和使命是巩固党的领导地位的基础和前提。建立这方面的制度，就是要推动全党恪守党的性质宗旨、理想信念、奋斗目标，使我们党永葆先进性纯洁性，永远得到人民的衷心拥护。

First, establish a system featuring sticking to the original aspiration and the mission. Sticking to the Party's original aspiration and mission comprises the foundation and the precondition for cementing the leadership of the CPC. To establish the system in this regard, we should push all the CPC members to adhere to the CPC's nature and fundamental purpose, its ideal and belief, and its ultimate goals, thus maintaining its advanced nature and purity, and gaining the wholehearted support of the people.

二是完善坚定维护党中央权威和集中统一领导的各项制度。坚定维护党中央权威和集中统一领导是党的领导的最高原则。完善这方面的制度，就是要推动全党增强“四个意识”、坚定“四个自信”、做到“两个维护”，在思想上政治上行动上同以习近平同志为核心的党中央保持高度一致，实现全党团结统一、行动一致。

Second, improve various systems that uphold the authority of the CPC Central Committee and its centralized, unified leadership. Upholding the authority of the CPC Central Committee and its centralized, unified leadership is the highest principle of the CPC's governance. To improve these systems, we need to urge the entire Party to strengthen our consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment; increase our confidence in the path, theory, system and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics; and uphold General Secretary Xi Jinping's core position on the CPC Central Committee and in the CPC as a whole, and the CPC Central Committee's authority and its centralized, unified leadership. We should also maintain a high degree of unity in thought, stance, and action with the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core, and ensure unity and solidarity and concerted action of the whole Party.

三是健全党的全面领导制度。党的全面领导是对党“总揽全局、协调各方”领导地位的准确界定。健全这方面的制度，就是要把各方面力量协调起来，把各方面积极因素调动起来，增强合力，高效推进党和国家事业发展。

Third, improve the system that ensures the CPC's leadership over all work. The CPC's leadership over all work accurately defines the CPC's role in "exercising overall leadership and coordinating the efforts of all involved." Improving this system means coordinating all forces, mobilizing all positive factors and increasing synergies, in order to efficiently advance the causes of the CPC and the country.

四是健全为人民执政、靠人民执政各项制度。为人民执政、靠人民执政是党的领导的根本目的和根本方式。健全这方面的制度，就是要坚持以人民为中心，紧紧依靠人民治国理政，巩固党执政的阶级基础和群众基础。

Fourth, improve various systems of governance for the people and by the people. Governance for and by the people is the ultimate objective and means of the CPC leadership. Improving these systems means putting people first, closely relying on the people to govern the country, and cementing the class foundation and mass base of the CPC's governance.

五是健全提高党的执政能力和领导水平制度。党的执政能力和领导水平决定治国理政成效。健全这方面的制度，就是要改进党的领导方式和执政方式，全面增强党的执政本领，不断提高党科学执政、民主执政、依法执政水平。

Fifth, improve the system of strengthening the CPC's governance capacity and its art of leadership. The CPC's governance capacity and art of leadership determine the effectiveness of the governance of the country. Improving this system means improving the CPC's ways of leadership and governance, fully enhancing the CPC's governing skills, and continuously strengthening its capacity to govern in a scientific and democratic way and in accordance with the law.

六是完善全面从严治党制度。打铁必须自身硬。全面从严治党是永葆党的先进性纯洁性、巩固党的领导地位的根本保证。完善这方面的制度，就是要不断推进党的自我革命，提高党解决自身问题的能力，使我们党始终成为中国特色社会主义事业的坚强领导核心。

Sixth, improve the system of enforcing full and strict self-discipline in the CPC. It takes a good blacksmith to make good steel. Enforcing full and strict self-discipline in the CPC is the fundamental guarantee of preserving the purity and advanced nature of the CPC and consolidating the CPC's leadership role. Improving this system means continuously advancing the CPC's internal reform, increasing the CPC's ability to solve its own problems, and let our Party remain the firm leadership core of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

这六个方面的制度是构成党的领导制度体系的基本要素，必须全面建设好、始终坚持好、不断完善和发展好。谢谢！

The six aspects are the basic components of the CPC's leadership system, which we must fully build, always uphold, and continuously improve and develop. Thank you.

徐麟:

Xu Lin:

谢谢江金权先生。下面请韩文秀先生介绍坚持和完善社会主义基本经济制度有关情况。

Thank you Mr. Jiang Jinquan. Now Mr. Han Wenxiu will brief us on upholding and improving the basic socialist economic system.

韩文秀:

Han Wenxiu:

大家上午好。我向大家简单介绍一下坚持和完善社会主义基本经济制度这部分的主要内容。基本经济制度是经济制度体系中具有长期性和稳定性的部分，对经济制度属性和经济发展方式具有决定性影响。多年来，我们把公有制为主体，多种所有制经济共同发展作为基本经济制度。十九届四中全会的一大创新，就是在此基础上，把按劳分配为主体，多种分配方式并存，社会主义市场经济体制上升为基本经济制度。这三项制度，都是社会主义基本经济制度，三者相互联系、相互支撑、相互促进。这一重大创新，标志着我国社会主义经济制度更加成熟、更加定型，对于更好发挥社会主义制度优越性，解放和发展社会生产力，推动经济高质量发展具有重要的指导意义。

Good morning. I would like to brief you on upholding and improving the basic socialist economic system. The basic economic system, as a constant component of the economic system, has a decisive influence on the nature of the economic system and the mode of economic development. For years, we have adhered to a basic socialist economic system in which public ownership has a dominant position, with other forms of ownership existing side by side. As an innovative outcome of the fourth plenary session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the socialist market economy has been included in the basic economic system, together with the distribution system under which distribution according to work is the dominant mode and a variety of modes of distribution coexist. The three interconnected parts, which support and reinforce each other, form the basic socialist economic system, thus making our socialist economic system more mature and well-established. This major innovation serves as a valuable guide for better realizing the full potential of our socialist system, unleashing and developing productive forces, and promoting high-quality economic development.

这次全会对坚持和完善社会主义基本经济制度做了重要部署。

Important policies for upholding and improving the basic socialist economic system were put forward at the plenary session.

第一，要坚持“两个毫不动摇”，就是毫不动摇巩固和发展公有制经济，毫不动摇鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展。要深化国有企业改革，完善中国特色现代企业制度，在市场竞争中增强国有经济的竞争力、创新力、控制力、影响力、抗风险能力，做强做优做大国有资本。要发展混合所有制经济。改革开放以来，非公有制经济发展不断地壮大，目前在我国经济中占有一半以上的份额，而且还在上升，全会提出要完善构建亲清政商关系的政策体系，促进非公有制经济健康发展和非公有制经济人士健康成长。

First, we need to remain committed to unswervingly consolidating and developing the public sector of the economy and unswervingly encouraging, supporting and guiding the development of the non-public sector. We need to deepen reforms of state-owned enterprises (SOEs), improve the modern corporate system with Chinese characteristics, enhance their competitiveness, creativity, control and influence as well as abilities to resist risks through market competition, in order to support state capital in becoming stronger, doing better and growing bigger. SOEs need further reform to embrace mixed-ownership. The private sector, which has maintained steady growth since the adoption of reform and opening up policy in 1978, now contributes more than half of China's GDP, and the share is continuing to rise. The plenary session called for efforts to form a cordial and clean relationship between government and business, promote healthy growth of the non-public sector of the economy, and encourage those working in this sector to achieve success.

第二，要坚持按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存。我们既要不断做大蛋糕，又要分好蛋糕。要鼓励勤劳致富，健全劳动、资本、土地、知识、技术、管理和数据等生产要素按贡献参与分配的机制，健全再分配调节机制，重视发挥第三次分配作用，发展慈善等社会公益事业，扩大中等收入群体，规范收入分配秩序，形成橄榄型的收入分配结构。

Second, we will adhere to distribution according to work as the dominant mode of distribution with a variety of other modes coexisting. We should both make the cake bigger and share it fairly. We will encourage people to make their money through hard work while improving mechanisms for distribution based on contributions of factors of production such as labor, capital, land, knowledge, technology, management and data. We must improve the regulatory mechanism of income redistribution and develop social welfare programs such as charity. We will enlarge the middle-income group, regulate income distribution procedures, and form an "olive-shaped" distribution structure.　

第三，要加快完善社会主义市场经济体制，充分发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用，更好发挥政府作用，让“看得见的手”和“看不见的手”相得益彰。要建设高标准市场体系，健全产权和知识产权保护制度，加强企业商业秘密保护，推进要素市场制度建设，强化竞争政策基础地位，推动发展先进制造业、振兴实体经济，完善科技创新体制机制，建设更高水平开放型经济新体制。

Third, we will accelerate efforts to improve the socialist market economy system and give full play to the role of the market in resource allocation and strengthen the role of the government, so that the "visible hand" and the "invisible hand" complement each other. It is necessary to build a high-standard market system, strengthen the protection of property rights, intellectual property rights and enterprises' trade secrets, promote the construction of the factor market, strengthen the competition policy, carry forward the development of advanced manufacturing, revitalize the real economy, improve the system of scientific and technological innovation, and elevate new institutions of the open economy to a higher level. 　

我们相信，以社会主义基本经济制度为强大支撑，中国经济必将行稳致远，实现高质量发展。谢谢大家！

We believe that with the strong foundation of the basic economic system of socialism, the Chinese economy will surely achieve stability and high-quality development. Thank you!

徐麟:

Xu Lin:

谢谢韩文秀先生。下面请沈春耀先生介绍坚持和完善人民代表大会制度有关情况。

Thank you, Mr. Han. Now, let's invite Mr. Shen Chunyao to introduce the situation of upholding and improving the people's congress system.

沈春耀:

Shen Chunyao:

大家上午好。我简要介绍坚持和完善人民代表大会制度部分的有关情况。

Good morning. Now, I will brief you on upholding and improving the system of people's congresses.

党的十九届四中全会通过的《公报》和《决定》，强调突出坚持和完善支撑中国特色社会主义制度的根本制度、基本制度、重要制度，明确提出坚持和完善人民代表大会制度这一根本政治制度。人民代表大会制度是坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一的根本政治制度安排，是支撑中国国家治理体系和治理能力的根本政治制度。在新的历史条件下，坚持和完善人民代表大会制度，对于保证人民当家作主，发展社会主义民主，充分发挥中国特色社会主义制度和国家治理体系优越性，具有十分重要的意义。

The Communique and the Decision adopted at the fourth plenary session of the 19th CPC Central Committee emphasize the importance of upholding and improving the fundamental system, basic system, and important system that support the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and clearly state that we must uphold and improve the people's congress system, which is the fundamental part of the political system. The people's congress system is a fundamental political institutional framework that upholds the leadership by the Party, governance by the people, and the rule of law. It is the fundamental political system that supports China's national governance system and governance capacity. Under the new conditions, upholding and improving the people's congress system is of great significance for ensuring the governance by the people, developing socialist democracy, and giving full play to the advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and the national governance system.

在中国实行人民代表大会制度是中国人民在人类政治制度史上的伟大创造。新中国成立之时，党和国家就确定要实行人民代表大会制度。1954年9月，第一届全国人民代表大会第一次会议召开，标志着我国人民代表大会制度在全国范围内正式建立起来。1978年12月召开的党的十一届三中全会，开启了我国改革开放和社会主义现代化建设历史新时期，人民代表大会制度重新焕发了生机活力，进入了蓬勃发展的新阶段。党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央高度重视坚持和完善人民代表大会制度，作出一系列重要部署和阐述，也提出一系列重要举措，推动社会主义民主法治开创新局面，人民代表大会制度展现出更加旺盛的生机活力。

The implementation of the people's congress system in China is a great creation of the Chinese people in the history of political system. Since the new China was founded, the Party and the state have decided to implement the people's congress system. In September 1954, the first National People's Congress was convened, marking the official establishment of the people's congress system in China. Held in December 1978, the third plenary session of the 11th CPC Central Committee started the new era of China's reform and opening-up and socialist modernization, when the people's congress system was revitalized and entered a new stage of vigorous development. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, the CPC Central Committee with Xi Jinping at the core has attached great importance to upholding and improving the people's congress system. It has made a series of important elaborations, adopted a series of important measures, comprehensively strengthened leadership over the work of the people's congresses, and promoted socialist democracy and the rule of law to create a new situation. The people's congress system shows a stronger vitality.　

新中国成立70年来特别是改革开放40多年来，在中国共产党领导下，人民代表大会制度不断得到巩固、完善和发展，展现出强大的生命力和巨大的优越性，发挥了极为重要的国家根本政治制度功效。集中表现在：一是充分保障人民当家作主。二是全面动员全体人民以国家主人翁地位投身社会主义建设。三是有效保证国家机关协调高效运转。四是切实维护国家统一、民族团结和社会和谐稳定。五是有力支撑国家治理体系和治理能力。实践充分证明，人民代表大会制度是符合中国国情和实际、体现社会主义国家性质、保证人民当家作主、保障实现中华民族伟大复兴的好制度。

Over the past 70 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, and especially since China adopted the reform and opening-up policy in 1978, the people's congress system has been continuously consolidated, improved and developed under the leadership of the CPC. The system has demonstrated strong vitality and great advantages, and played an extremely important role as China's fundamental political system. Its main advantages lie in the following five aspects: First, it fully guarantees the people's right to be the masters of the country. Second, it fully mobilizes all of the Chinese people to devote themselves to the cause of socialist construction as the masters of the country. Third, it effectively guarantees coordinated, efficient performance of state organs. Fourth, it firmly safeguards national unification, ethnic unity and social stability. Fifth, it provides powerful support for improving the national governance system and governance capacity. Practice has proven that the people's congress system is a good system that suits China's conditions. It embodies the country's socialist nature, ensures that the people are the masters of the country, and guarantees the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

我国是工人阶级领导的、以工农联盟为基础的人民民主专政的社会主义国家。国家的一切权力属于人民，人民行使国家权力的机关是全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会，这是保证和发展人民当家作主的主要民主渠道。党的十九届四中全会提出了当前和今后一个时期坚持和完善人民代表大会制度的重点方向、主要任务、工作要求和重要举措，明确回答了人民代表大会制度在新的历史条件下，“坚持和巩固什么”、“完善和发展什么”这些重大问题。

The People's Republic of China is a socialist state under the people's democratic dictatorship led by the working class and based on the alliance of workers and peasants. All power in the People's Republic of China belongs to the people. The people exercise state power through the National People's Congress and the local people's congresses at different levels. This is the main democratic channel to consolidate and develop the people's status as the country's masters. With the aim of adhering to and perfecting the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and modernizing our national governance system and governance capacity, the fourth plenary session of the 19th CPC Central Committee specifies the main direction, major tasks and requirements, and important measures on upholding and improving the people's congress system. It clearly answers questions of what to adhere to and consolidate, and what to improve and develop under a new historical condition.　

支持和保证人民通过人民代表大会行使国家权力，保证各级人大都由民主选举产生、对人民负责、受人民监督，保证各级国家机关都由人大产生、对人大负责、受人大监督。支持和保证人大及其常委会依法行使职权，健全人大对“一府一委两院”的监督制度；密切人大代表同人民群众的联系，健全代表联络机制，更好发挥人大代表作用；健全人大组织制度、选举制度和议事规则，完善论证、评估、评议、听证制度，适当增加基层人大的代表数量。加强地方人大及其常委会的建设。谢谢！

We shall guarantee that the people exercise state power through the people's congress system, and all the people's congresses at different levels are democratically elected, responsible for the people and supervised by the people. We shall support the people's congresses and their standing committees to exercise their power and perform their functions in accordance with the law, and strengthen the system of the people's congress' supervision over the people's government, the supervisory commission, the people's court, and the people's procuratorate. We shall bring our deputies closer to the people, improve our liaison mechanism, and perfect the research, evaluation, deliberation and hearing system. We shall also upgrade our organizational and electoral system and strengthen procedural rules. To expand representation and get more people involved, we shall also appropriately absorb more deputies at the grassroots level. Meanwhile, enhancing local people's congresses and their standing committees is also a priority. Thank you.

徐麟:

Xu Lin:

谢谢沈春耀先生。下面请袁曙宏先生介绍坚持和完善中国特色社会主义法治体系有关情况。

Thanks to Mr. Shen Chunyao. Now Mr. Yuan Shuhong will brief us on upholding and improving the system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics.

袁曙宏:

Yuan Shuhong:

女士们、先生们，下面我向大家简要介绍坚持和完善中国特色社会主义法治体系部分的主要内容。

Ladies and gentlemen, now, I'll introduce the main content of upholding and improving the system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics.

法治体系是国家治理体系的骨干工程。党的十九届四中全会把坚持和完善中国特色社会主义法治体系摆在十分重要的位置，充分体现了以习近平同志为核心的党中央对全面依法治国、建设法治中国的高度重视。

The rule of law system is the backbone of the national governance system. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) has given high priority to upholding and improving the system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, fully demonstrating that the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core is paying close attention to fully advancing law-based governance and promoting the rule of law in China.

《决定》指出：“建设中国特色社会主义法治体系、建设社会主义法治国家是坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的内在要求。”中国特色社会主义越深入发展，就越需要中国特色社会主义法治体系发挥更加重要的引领、规范和保障作用，不断为解决党和国家发展面临的突出问题提供制度化方案，开拓中国特色社会主义事业更加广阔的光明前景。

The Decision points out that "Establishing a system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics and building a socialist country with the rule of law are the intrinsic requirements for upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics." The more the socialism with Chinese characteristics develops, the more urgent it is for the system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics to play a bigger role in providing guidance, standardization and guarantee, constantly providing institutionalized plans for prominent problems facing the cause of the Party and the country, so as to embrace a broader and brighter prospects for the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

为此，《决定》强调，必须坚定不移走中国特色社会主义法治道路，加快形成完备的法律规范体系、高效的法治实施体系、严密的法治监督体系、有力的法治保障体系，加快形成完善的党内法规体系，并从四个方面提出了一系列体制机制制度的保障举措。

To that end, the Decision stresses that we should keep to the path of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, speed up the establishment of a full-fledged legal system, an efficient law enforcement system, a strict oversight system and a strong guarantee system, and step up to improve Party regulations. It has put forward a string of measures with regard to mechanisms, institutions and systems as follows:

一是健全保证宪法全面实施的体制机制。依法治国首先要坚持依宪治国，依法执政首先要坚持依宪执政。坚持和完善中国特色社会主义法治体系，首先必须从加强宪法实施和监督、落实宪法解释程序机制、推进合宪性审查工作、加强备案审查制度和能力建设这些方面，来进一步健全保证宪法全面实施的体制机制。

First, we need to improve the mechanisms and institutions that ensure the full enforcement of the Constitution. To advance the rule of law, we must first adhere to governance based on the Constitution; and to realize governance in accordance with the law, we must first adhere to governance in accordance with the Constitution. In order to uphold and improve the system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, we must improve the mechanisms and institutions that ensure the full enforcement of the Constitution by strengthening efforts to ensure and oversee the enforcement of the Constitution, implementing the mechanism of procedures for the interpretation of the Constitution, advancing constitutional review and improving the system and capacity for recording and review.

二是完善立法体制机制。“立善法于天下，则天下治；立善法于一国，则一国治。”建设中国特色社会主义法治体系，必须进一步健全和完善立法体制机制，不断提高立法质量和效率，以良法保障善治。

Second, we need to improve legislative systems and mechanisms. "When the law of the land is good, there will be order in the land; and when the laws of the state are good, there will be order in the state." In order to build the system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, we must further improve the legislative systems and mechanisms, improve the quality and efficiency of legislative work and guarantee good governance with good laws.　

三是健全社会公平正义法治保障制度。公平正义是法治的生命线。必须从新时代我国社会主要矛盾深刻变化的战略高度，坚持法治建设为了人民、依靠人民，通过严格执法、公正司法，努力让人民群众在每一项执法决定、每一个司法案件中感受到公平正义。

Third, we need to improve the legal assurance for social fairness and justice. Fairness and justice constitute the foundation that ensures the rule of law. We must adopt the strategic perspective that the principal contradiction facing Chinese society has evolved in the new era, and stick to the principle that the development of the rule of law relies on the people and is for their benefit. We must work to ensure strict law enforcement and impartial administration of justice to ensure that people can feel fairness and justice in every judicial case.　

四是加强对法律实施的监督。要保证法律全面公正实施，就必须切实加强监督，以保证行政权、监察权、审判权、检察权得到依法正确行使，保证人民群众的合法权益得到切实保障。

Fourth, we need to intensify oversight over the implementation of laws. In order to ensure the full and fair implementation of laws, we must effectively strengthen oversight to ensure impartial exercise of the administrative, supervisory, judicial and procuratorial power, so as to protect people's legitimate rights and interests.　

谢谢大家！

Thanks to everyone.

徐麟:

Xu Lin:

谢谢袁曙宏先生。下面请舒启明先生介绍政党制度、统一战线方面的有关情况。

Thank you, Mr. Yuan. Next, Mr. Shu Qiming will brief you about China's political party system and the united front.

舒启明:

Shu Qiming:

女士们、先生们，下面我介绍政党制度统一战线方面的主要内容。

Ladies and gentlemen, next, I will present a brief introduction to China's political party system and the united front.

中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度是我国的一项基本政治制度，是中国共产党、中国人民和各民主党派、无党派人士的伟大政治创造，是我国新型政党制度。《决定》对贯彻长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共的方针，加强中国特色社会主义政党制度建设，健全相互监督特别是中国共产党自觉接受监督、对重大决策部署贯彻落实情况实施专项监督等机制作出部署。

The system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC) is part of the basic political system of China. Jointly created by the CPC, the Chinese people, other political parties, and public figures without party affiliation, it is a new type of party system rooted in China. The Decision draws up plans in the following aspects: implementing the principles of long-term coexistence, mutual oversight, sincerity, and sharing weal and woe; strengthening the construction of the socialist political party system with Chinese characteristics; and improving the mechanism of mutual oversight, especially the CPC's willingness to accept the oversight by other political parties, and the mechanism for carrying out the special oversight on the implementation of major policy decisions and plans.

人民政协是中国共产党把马克思列宁主义统一战线理论、政党理论、民主政治理论同中国实际相结合的伟大成果，是中国共产党领导各民主党派、无党派人士、人民团体和各族各界人士在政治制度上的伟大创造，是国家治理体系的重要组成部分，是具有中国特色的制度安排。70年来，在中国共产党领导下，人民政协在建立新中国和社会主义革命、建设、改革各个历史时期发挥了十分重要的作用。《决定》强调要发挥人民政协作为政治组织和民主形式的效能，提高政治协商、民主监督、参政议政水平，更好凝聚共识。完善人民政协专门协商机构制度，丰富协商形式，健全协商规则等。

The Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) is a great accomplishment of the CPC, which combines the Marxist-Leninist theories on united front, political party and democracy with China's actual conditions. It is a great creation in the political system achieved by the CPC together with other political parties, public figures without party affiliation, people's organizations, and public figures from all ethnic groups and all sectors of society. It is an important component of China's system for governance and an institutional design with Chinese characteristics. For the past 70 years, under the leadership of the CPC, the CPPCC has played a very important role in different historical periods, including the founding of the People's Republic of China, socialist revolution, construction and reform. The Decision emphasizes the need to give full play to the CPPCC as a political organization and a form of democracy, improve its level of political consultation, democratic oversight, and participation in the deliberation and administration of state affairs, and better build consensus. The Decision puts forward the following measures: improving the role of the CPPCC as a specialist consultative body, enriching the forms of consultation, and promoting sound rules for consultation.

社会主义协商民主是实现党的领导的重要方式，是我国社会主义民主政治的特有形式和独特优势。《决定》对坚持社会主义协商民主的独特优势，构建程序合理、环节完整的协商民主体系，完善协商于决策之前和决策实施之中的落实机制，丰富有事好商量、众人的事情由众人商量的制度化实践等作出部署。

Socialist consultative democracy, as an important way of realizing Party leadership, is unique to China's socialist democracy. The Decision puts forward plans in the following aspects: upholding socialist consultative democracy, building a complete consultative democracy system featuring appropriate procedures, improving the mechanism of conducting consultations before and during the implementation of policy decisions, and enriching institutionalized practices where the people get to discuss their own affairs.　

统一战线是党的事业取得胜利的重要法宝。人心向背、力量对比是决定党和人民事业成败的关键，是最大的政治。《决定》强调，要巩固和发展最广泛的爱国统一战线，坚持大统战工作格局，坚持一致性和多样性统一，完善照顾同盟者利益政策，促进政党关系、民族关系、宗教关系、阶层关系、海内外同胞关系和谐。谢谢！

The united front is an important mechanism to ensure the success of the Party's mission. Maintaining public support, which is key to achieving the goals of the cause of the Party and the people, is a political task of prime importance. The Decision emphasizes the need to consolidate and develop the broadest possible patriotic united front, uphold the united front work, seek consistency while respecting diversity, improve the policies to give more consideration to the interests of our allies, and promote harmony in relations between political parties, between ethnic groups, between religions, between social strata, and between our compatriots at home and abroad.

徐麟:

Xu Lin:

谢谢舒启明先生。现在请记者提问，提问前请通报所在新闻机构。

Thank you, Mr. Shu Qiming. Now, the floor is open for questions. Please identify the news outlet you represent before asking your questions.

中央广播电视总台央视新闻中心记者:

CCTV:

有两个问题：第一，本次四中全会一个重要议题是研究坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化。这个总目标是十八届三中全会提出的，十九届四中全会在这方面将提出哪些和2013年不同的要求？第二，中央对于十八届三中全会决议的执行情况将如何评价？谢谢。

I have two questions. First, one of the important topics of the fourth plenary session was upholding and improving socialism with Chinese characteristics and modernizing the national governance system and capacity, which was first proposed as an overall objective at the third plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee in 2013. What different requirements were made at the fourth plenary session? Second, what does the CPC Central Committee think about the implementation of the resolutions of the third plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee?

徐麟:

Xu Lin:

这个问题请王晓晖先生回答。　

I'd like to invite Mr. Wang Xiaohui to answer this question.

王晓晖:

Wang Xiaohui:

正如央视这位记者所说的，坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化，作为我国全面深化改革的总目标，是党的十八届三中全会提出来的。三中全会围绕这个总目标当时提出336项重点改革任务，经过5年多的努力，重要领域和关键环节改革成效显著。336项任务都已经得到了落实或者进一步落实当中。应该说，主要领域基础性制度体系基本形成，我们觉得这些改革成效的取得为推动国家治理体系和治理能力现代化打下了坚实的基础。

Just as the reporter from CCTV has said, upholding and improving socialism with Chinese characteristics and modernizing China's system and capacity for governance is the overall objective of furthering reform in all aspects. It was proposed at the third plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee. Concerning this objective, 336 major reform tasks were identified. Five years on from that meeting, remarkable achievements have been made in major areas and key links. These 336 tasks have either been completed or are in the process of being implemented. The basic systems in major areas have been established. We believe that these achievements have laid a solid foundation for advancing the modernization of national governance system and capacity.

关于你提到这次全会决定有什么不同。这次全会的《决定》，可以说是对这个总目标的深化和展开，又作出了许多新的部署和新的安排，总的精神还是一致的。这些新的部署和新的安排，最突出的有几点：

Regarding the difference between this session's decision and the previous one, the one passed at this plenary session has deepened and expanded the scope of the overall objective, and developed many new plans and arrangements; yet, the general principle remains unchanged. The new plans and arrangements show some remarkable characteristics, which I will now describe.　

一是突出坚持和完善党的领导制度。《决定》把完善党的领导制度，提高党科学执政、民主执政、依法执政水平放在首要位置，突出党的领导制度在国家治理体系当中的统摄性地位，从指导思想到重大观点、具体举措等，都体现了坚持和加强党的领导的要求。这是一个突出的特点。

First, they stress upholding and improving the Party's leadership. The Decision gives top priority to upholding and improving the Party's leadership, as well as strengthening its capacity to govern in a scientific and democratic way and in accordance with the law. It emphasizes the guiding role of the Party's leadership in the national governance system. From the guiding principles to the major concepts and on to specific measures, upholding and improving the Party's leadership is stressed in every field and at every stage. This is a major characteristic.

二是充分彰显中国特色社会主义制度自信。《决定》系统总结了新中国成立以来特别是党的十八大以来，我们党领导人民坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化取得的重大理论成果、实践成果和制度成果。《决定》凝练概括的我国国家制度和国家治理体系的13个方面的显著优势，这是我们党领导人民创造经济快速发展和社会长期稳定“两大奇迹”的根本保障所在，是“中国之治”的制度密码所在，也是坚持“四个自信”的基本依据所在。这是一个非常突出的方面。

Second, the new plans and arrangements fully demonstrate our confidence in socialism with Chinese characteristics. The Decision makes a systematic conclusion of the major achievements in theories, practices and institutions involved in upholding and improving socialism with Chinese characteristics and modernizing the national governance system and capacity, which have been established ever since the founding of the People's Republic of China, and particularly after the 18th National Congress of CPC. The Decision also summarizes our distinct advantages in 13 areas regarding the country's various institutions and governance system. They have provided a fundamental guarantee for the Chinese people under the Party's leadership to achieve miracles in promoting rapid economic development and maintaining long-term social stability. They are the secret to success in the institutional field in ensuring good governance. They are the basic reason that we are confident in the path, theory, system and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics. This is another major characteristic.　

三是体现强烈的问题导向和鲜明的实践特色。决定坚持根本制度、基本制度、重要制度相衔接，统筹制度改革和制度运行，既阐明了必须牢牢坚持的重大制度和原则，又部署了推进制度建设的重大任务和举措。我们相信，随着《决定》的贯彻落实，必将对构建系统完备、科学规范、运行有效的制度体系，提高国家治理体系和治理能力现代化水平，产生重大而深远的影响。谢谢！

Third, the new plans and arrangements are problem-oriented and easy to implement. The decision of continuing to integrate the country's fundamental, basic and important systems, and to ensure integrated plans for their reform and operation, identifies the important systems and principles that we must uphold, and provides key guidance for the major tasks and moves to advance institutional construction. We believe that when the Decision is implemented, it will exert a profound and far-reaching influence on developing institutions that are well conceived, fully developed, procedure-based, and efficient, thus advancing the modernization of China's system and capacity for governance. Thank you.

新加坡联合早报记者:

Lianhe Zaobao:

四中全会讨论的议题包括治理能力的现代化。请问在官员治理能力方面做出了什么样的讨论，官员的治理能力还存在哪些短板，需要做出哪些方面的提升呢？谢谢。

One of the topics of the fourth plenary session of the 19th CPC Central Committee is the modernization of governance capacity. I wonder what kind of discussions were held on this topic, what weaknesses were identified, and what improvements were required? Thank you!

徐麟:

Xu Lin:

这个问题请江金权先生回答。

We'll ask Mr. Jiang Jinquan to answer this question.

江金权:

Jiang Jinquan:

谢谢。刚才这位记者先生提的问题确实很重要。中国特色社会主义进入新时代，当今世界面临着百年未有之大变局，我国发展新的历史方位、经济发展新的阶段性特征和党情世情国情新的深刻变化，这些都要求加快推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化，提高领导干部的执政能力和治理水平。

Thank you. You have raised a very important question. Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and the world is undergoing the greatest changes in a century. Our development is at a new historic juncture. Our economic growth is showing new characteristics at a new phase. New, profound changes are occurring in the Party, the country and the world. All these require us to advance the modernization of national governance system and capacity, and raise individual official's governance capacity and art of administration.

针对这种情况，这次全会要求“各级领导干部要增强学习本领、政治领导本领、改革创新本领、科学发展本领、依法执政本领、群众工作本领、狠抓落实本领、驾驭风险本领，发扬斗争精神，增强斗争本领”，这是根据新时代新任务新要求提出来的，具有很强的针对性。

Regarding this, the plenary session stressed that "officials at all levels should strengthen their capability in learning, political leadership, reform and innovation, scientific development, law-based governance, mass work, commitment to implementation, and response to risks, and should carry forward the fighting spirit, and improve fighting skills." This is in exact response to the new era, new tasks and new requirements that have emerged.

具体说到“短板”问题。总体上讲，我国干部队伍特别是领导干部的素质和能力是高的，因为有一个好的选拔机制。领导干部都是在实践中长期锻炼、经过层层选拔任用起来的。一些外媒注意到了这个选拔机制的优势，就是能够确保选拔上来的干部是优秀的。所以，从总体上讲，现在干部队伍特别是各级领导干部是优秀的，能力与国家治理体系和治理能力现代化要求是相适应的，但也存在一些短板。由于科技迅速发展、世界形势发展很快，有些干部学习能力、适应能力还存在一些不足。对此，习近平总书记反复强调，要培养高素质、专业化干部，要求各级领导干部提高知识化、专业化水平，努力成为适应新时代中国特色社会主义事业发展要求的执政骨干。要按照习近平总书记要求，抓紧补短板，做到学习、学习、再学习，提高、提高、再提高。

As for "weaknesses, Chinese officials, especially those in leading positions, are quite competent in general. This is because we have established a good selection mechanism. Officials have had years of working experience and are appointed to their positions after rounds of selection. Some foreign media outlets have already noticed the merits of this selection mechanism, as it ensures all selected officials are outstanding. Thus, Chinese officials, especially those in leading positions at all levels, are competent in general, and their capacity meets the requirements of advancing the modernization of national governance system and capacity. Of course, they have some weaknesses. As science and technology rapidly develops, and the world is changing extremely fast, some officials lack the abilities to learn and adapt. Therefore, General Secretary Xi Jinping has repeatedly emphasized that we need to cultivate high-quality, professionally competent officials, and officials at all levels should increase their general and professional knowledge, and strive to become leading administrators meeting the requirements of socialism with Chinese characteristics for the new era. We should follow General Secretary Xi Jinping's instruction to overcome our weaknesses, and continuing to learn and improve.

这次全会《决定》是讲制度的，对具体举措没有展开得那么具体，在这方面概括起来，有两个方面的要求：一是推动学习，加强培训。要求不断学习新知识，研究新情况，解决新问题。二是要求加强实践锻炼，强调实践出真知，实践出才干，组织干部到实践当中经风雨、见世面、壮筋骨、长才干，这是干部提高能力的不二之道。谢谢！

The Decision is about systems and thus does not have many details on specific measures. Regarding your question, there are two requirements: First, officials are urged to learn by undergoing more training. Officials are required to keep acquiring new knowledge, study new matters and learn how to solve new problems. Second, officials need to strengthen their working practices. Enhanced practice brings wisdom and competence; thus, we need to ensure officials are trained to weather the storm and hone their skills. That is the best way to raise their capabilities. Thank you!

塔斯社记者:

TASS, Russia:

四中全会在坚持和完善党和国家监督体系，加强对国家公职人员监督方面提出了哪些新举措？谢谢。

What new measures has the fourth plenary session proposed to uphold and improve the Party and state oversight systems and strengthen supervision of public servants? Thanks.

徐麟:

Xu Lin:

这个问题还是请江金权先生回答。

Mr. Jiang Jinquan will answer this question.

江金权:

Jiang Jinquan:

谢谢。加强对权力配置运行的制约和监督，保证公权力不被滥用，是世界上共同的话题和共同的课题，应该说是国家治理关键的环节之一。这次全会在坚持和完善党和国家监督体系，加强对国家公职人员监督的全覆盖方面提出了三条要求：

Thanks for your question. It is a common and worldwide topic to strengthen checks on and oversight over the distribution and exercise of power to ensure it is not abused. It is also a key element of state governance. This session has proposed three requirements for upholding and improving the Party and state oversight systems and strengthening full-coverage supervision of all public servants.

一是健全党和国家监督制度。主要有两个特点：第一个是把党和国家监督协调起来。党有党的监督机制，国家有国家的监督机制，要把两者协调起来，特别是成立了国家监委，与中央纪委合署办公，实现对行使公权力的公职人员监督的全覆盖。第二个是把现有的各种监督机制协调起来，比如推进党内各方面监督有效衔接，包括纪检监督、巡视监督、派驻监督等协调起来。还有，推动党内监督和人大监督、民主监督、司法监督等各类监督有机贯通、相互协调，从而健全了党统一领导、全面覆盖、权威高效的监督体系，织密了监督之网。

First, improving the Party and state oversight systems. This work is twofold. First, we will coordinate their respective supervisory systems. In order to realize the full-coverage supervision of public servants, we have established the National Supervisory Commission working together with the CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI). Second, we will coordinate all the existing supervisory mechanisms, such as discipline inspection, inspection tour, and dispatch of officials to other departments for supervision. In addition, we will promote coordination of various supervisory institutions including intra-Party supervision, supervision by people's congresses, democratic and judicial supervision. In this way, we will put in place a close-knit supervisory network that features overall Party leadership, full coverage, authority and efficiency. 　

二是完善权力配置和运行制约机制。公权力必须接受监督，监督的重点是权力的科学配置和规范运行。这次全会从权责法定、权责透明、权责统一三个方面作出了一系列强化监督的规定，以切实防止权力滥用。

Second, improving checks on the distribution and exercise of power. Power must be supervised and the supervision should focus on the distribution and exercise of power. In order to prevent any abuse of power, this session made a series of decisions to ensure that power and responsibility are law-based, transparent and interdependent.　

三是构建一体推进不敢腐、不能腐、不想腐体制机制。大家知道，腐败说白了就是公权私用、以权谋私、以权牟利。要制止腐败，就要制约和监督权力。坚定不移反对腐败是中国共产党的性质和社会主义国家性质决定的，也是中国共产党一以贯之的坚定政治立场。这次全会着眼于巩固和发展反腐败斗争压倒性胜利，强调深化标本兼治。概括起来说，就是继续从严查处，保持高压态势，强化不敢腐的氛围；健全各项约束制度，形成不能腐的体制机制，从机制上、制度上解决问题；强化守初心、担使命的思想教育，筑牢不想腐的思想基础。

Third, building a system that ensures officials do not dare, cannot and have no desire to engage in corrupt practices. It is clear that corruption entails the use of power to make personal gains and pursue private interests. To curb corruption, we must impose checks and supervision on the exercise of power. It is in the nature of the CPC and the socialist country at large to unswervingly oppose corruption. It is also the firm political position that the CPC will follow through on its decisions. This session builds on the overwhelming success in anti-corruption work and attaches high importance to addressing both the symptoms and root causes of corruption. In a word, we will continue to apply rigorous standards and impose severe punishments, and maintain full pressure on corruption to create a political atmosphere in which officials do not dare to become corrupt. We will improve various checks and supervision systems to build a mechanism in which officials cannot engage in corrupt acts, offering an institutionalized solution. We will advance education campaigns on a theme of "staying true to our founding missions" to lay a solid ideological foundation for officials to harbor no desire to engage in corrupt acts.

这次全会围绕这三个方面提出了一系列重大举措。我们相信，通过全会精神的贯彻落实，在强化监督、遏制腐败方面会取得新的更大成就。谢谢！

This session has proposed a series of major measures in the above three aspects. We believe that we will obtain new and greater achievements in strengthening supervision and curbing corruption through the implementation of the spirit of this session.

南华早报记者:

South China Morning Post:

现在香港局势大家都很关心，请问这次四中全会关于香港局势有什么样的讨论，以及本次《公报》里提到关于“一国两制”的部分要建立健全特别行政区维护国家安全的法律制度和执行机制，请问能否展开介绍一下具体举措，比如像全国人大会不会以立法和释法的方式参与国家安全体制在香港的构建，有没有时间表？谢谢。

People are all concerned about the current situation in Hong Kong. What discussions were held on Hong Kong's situation at the fourth plenary session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC)? The Communique released after the session mentions the "one country, two systems" principle, stating the need to establish and improve the legal system and enforcement mechanisms for the special administrative regions to safeguard national security. Would you like to introduce the specific measures? For example, will the National People's Congress participate in constructing the national security system in Hong Kong via legislation and interpretation? Is there a timetable? Thank you.

徐麟:

Xu Lin:

这个问题请沈春耀先生来回答。

Mr. Shen Chunyao will take your questions.

沈春耀:

Shen Chunyao:

按照“一国两制”原则治理好香港、澳门，是我国国家治理制度体系的重要组成部分，当然也是四中全会研究讨论的一个重要内容。《决定》专门有一部分围绕坚持和完善“一国两制”制度体系作出部署、提出要求，特别强调，按照“一国两制”治理好香港、澳门，必须全面准确贯彻“一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方针。要坚持“一国”是实行“两制”的前提和基础，“两制”从属和派生于“一国”并统一于“一国”之内。

Governing Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions (SARs) based on the "one country, two systems" principle is an important part of China's national governance system, and it is surely an important item included in the agenda of the fourth plenary session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC). The Decision adopted at the session includes a section on the arrangements and requirements concerning how to uphold and improve the "one country, two systems" principle. It stresses that we should govern Hong Kong and Macao in full accordance with this principle, and we should fully and faithfully implement the policies involved, namely, "one country, two systems", "the people of Hong Kong governing Hong Kong", "the people of Macao governing Macao", and a high degree of autonomy enjoyed by both regions. We must adhere to the principle that "one country" is the premise and foundation for the implementation of the "two systems", and the "two systems" part is subordinated to and derived from "one country" and unified within it.

《决定》围绕按照“一国两制”原则治理好香港、澳门提出了一系列工作任务和要求。一是坚持依法治港治澳，维护宪法和基本法确定的特别行政区宪制秩序，完善特别行政区同宪法和基本法实施相关的制度机制，坚持以爱国者为主体的“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”，提高特别行政区依法治理水平。二是完善中央对特别行政区行政长官和主要官员的任免制度和机制、全国人大常委会对基本法的解释制度，依法行使宪法和基本法赋予中央的各项权力。三是建立健全特别行政区维护国家安全的法律制度和执行机制，支持特别行政区强化执法力量。四是完善香港、澳门融入国家发展大局、同内地优势互补、协同发展机制，推进粤港澳大湾区建设，支持香港、澳门发展经济、改善民生，着力解决影响社会稳定和长远发展的深层次问题。五是加强对香港、澳门社会特别是公职人员和青少年的宪法和基本法教育、国情教育、中国历史和中华文化教育，增强香港、澳门同胞国家意识和爱国精神。

The Decision puts forward a series of tasks and requirements in this regard. First, continuing to govern Hong Kong and Macao in accordance with the law, upholding the constitutional order in the special administrative regions prescribed by the national Constitution and the Basic Law of each SAR, improving the systems and mechanisms related to the implementation of the Constitution and Basic Law of each SAR, remaining committed to the policy of Hong Kong people governing Hong Kong and Macao people governing Macao, with patriots playing the principal role, and improving the SARs' law-based governance capabilities. Second, improving the system and mechanism through which the central government appoints or removes the chief executives and key officials of the SARs, intensifying the system of the NPC Standing Committee's interpretations of the Basic Law of each SAR, and exercising the powers granted to the central government by the Constitution and the Basic Law. The third aspect is setting up and improving legislation and enforcement mechanisms for the special administrative regions to safeguard national security, and supporting the SARs in enhancing their law enforcement capabilities. Fourth, there is a need to improve the coordinated development mechanism to better integrate Hong Kong and Macao into the country's overall development so as to complement one another's advantages, advancing the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and supporting the two SARs in developing their economy, improving people's livelihoods and solving deep-rooted problems possibly influencing their social stability and future development. Fifth, there is a need to better educate people in Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, particularly civil servants and young people, about the country's Constitution, the Basic Law of each SAR, and its national conditions, history and culture, so as to enhance their sense of national consciousness and patriotism.

总之，我们将进一步健全中央依照宪法和基本法对特别行政区行使全面管治权的制度，坚定维护国家主权、安全、发展利益，维护香港、澳门长期繁荣稳定，绝不容忍任何挑战“一国两制”底线的行为，绝不容忍任何分裂国家、危害国家安全的行为，坚决防范和遏制外部势力干预港澳事务和进行分裂、颠覆、渗透、破坏活动。谢谢！

In a word, we will further improve the system that ensures the central government exercises overall jurisdiction over Hong Kong and Macao as mandated by the Constitution and the Basic Law of each special administrative region, firmly uphold China's sovereignty, security and development interests, maintain lasting prosperity and stability in Hong Kong and Macao, never tolerate any act that challenges the bottom line of the "one country, two systems" principle or any attempt to split the country or endanger national security, and resolutely prevent and contain external interference in Hong Kong and Macao affairs and their separatist, subversive, infiltration and sabotage activities. Thank you.

美国全国广播公司记者:

NBC:

国有经济的主导地位是中国特色社会主义体系的基础，但是关于这一点也有很多的讨论，国际上有批评的观点认为扭曲了市场，使得中国的国有企业有了不公平的市场竞争优势，这次全会是否讨论了这一问题，是否把解决这一问题作为完善中国国家治理体系的一部分。

It is said that the leading role of the state-owned economy is the foundation of what is described as socialism with Chinese characteristics. But this seems to be a source of dispute, with major international criticism that this system distorts the market and gives Chinese state-owned enterprise unfair advantages. Has the Party plenum discussed this as an important issue for improving China's governance system? Thank you

徐麟:

Xu Lin:

这个问题请韩文秀先生回答。

Mr. Han will answer this question.

韩文秀:

Han Wenxiu:

这个问题大家都很关注，我想从两个方面做一些回应。

This issue has become a matter of great concern. I would like to respond to it from two aspects.

一方面，中国国有企业已经总体上同社会主义市场经济相融合。因为改革开放40多年来，我们持续推进国有企业改革，坚持政企分开、政资分开，加快建立现代企业制度，全面实施公司制改造，完善公司治理，健全市场化经营机制，积极推进混合所有制改革，有序退出国有“僵尸企业”，加快剥离国有企业办社会职能，经过多年的努力，国有企业已经成为遵循市场规则、平等参与竞争的市场主体。在这个过程当中，国有经济布局也得到了调整优化，目前主要分布在关系国家安全和国民经济命脉的重要行业和关键领域，在一般竞争性行业的国有经济实际上只占较小的份额。国有企业还承担着提供公共产品和普遍服务的职能。

Generally, the state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in China have assimilated themselves into the socialist market economy. During the past 40 years or so of reform and opening up, we have continuously promoted reform of the SOEs, undertaken reforms focusing on separation of government administration from enterprise management and separation of government administration from state assets management, accelerated the establishment of a modern corporate system for SOEs, completed the introduction of a modern corporate system, improved governance over SOEs, fostered sound market-oriented operating mechanisms, pushed ahead with reforms on mixed ownership, cleaned up "zombie enterprises" in an orderly way and made progress in relieving SOEs of their obligations to operate social welfare programs. After years of efforts, SOEs have become market players that follow market rules and participate in market competition on an equal footing. In this process, the layout of the state-owned economy has also been adjusted and optimized. At present, it is mainly distributed across key industries and areas that are considered vital to national security and forming the lifeblood of national economy. In the generally competitive industrial structure, the state-owned economy actually only accounts for a small share. SOEs also undertake the functions of providing public goods and universal services.　

另一方面，各种所有制经济公平竞争、共同发展政策制度不断地健全完善。这次全会讨论了这个问题，并且强调，要健全支持民营经济、外商投资企业发展的法治环境，健全以公平为原则的产权保护制度，要加强和改进反垄断、反不正当竞争执法，要建立知识产权侵权惩罚性赔偿制度，坚持科学立法、严格执法、公正司法，推进各类产权得到全面依法平等保护。还要强化竞争政策基础地位，落实公平竞争审查制度。要营造良好的市场环境，使各种所有制主体依法平等使用资源要素、公开公平公正参与市场竞争、同等受到法律保护。

Also, the policies and systems of fair competition and common development of economic entities under all forms of ownership have been constantly improving. The plenary session discussed this issue and stressed that it is necessary to improve the legal environment to support the development of the private economy and foreign-invested enterprises, ensure fairness-based property rights protection system, step up law enforcement to tackle monopoly and unfair competition, put in place a punitive compensation system for intellectual property infringements, work to ensure sound lawmaking, strict law enforcement, impartial administration of justice, thus promoting the comprehensive protection of all types of property rights in accordance with the law. It is also necessary to strengthen the fundamental position of competition policy and thus implement a fair competition review system. It is necessary to create a good market environment, so that all entities of different ownership can use resources and factors of production legally and equally, participate in market competition in an open and fair manner, and be equally protected by law.　

总之，国有企业没有天然的优势，作为平等的市场主体，国有企业只有切实增强竞争力、创新力，在市场竞争中大浪淘沙、优胜劣汰，才能真正确立和发展自身的优势，在国内市场是这样，在海外市场也是这样。谢谢！

In short, there's no so-called natural advantage for SOEs. In market competition with the survival of the fittest, SOEs, as an equal market entity, can only truly establish and develop their own advantages by way of enhancing their competitiveness and innovation. This is very much the case for the domestic market. And the same is true for overseas markets. Thank you!

人民日报社记者:

People's Daily:

请问我国人大代表情况如何，怎样更好发挥人大代表作用？谢谢。　

I'd like to know more about deputies to people's congresses and the measures that enable them to better play their roles. Thank you.

徐麟:

Xu Lin:

这个问题我们请沈春耀先生回答。

Mr Shen Chunyao will discuss this.

沈春耀:

Shen Chunyao:

人大代表是人民代表大会的主体，我国各级人大代表是本级人民代表大会的组成人员，代表人民的利益和意志，依法参加行使国家权力。这里，我简要介绍一下我国各级人大代表的组成情况。全国共有五级人民代表大会，乡镇是最基层的一级，乡镇人大代表有188万，县级人大代表有59万，设区的市级包括自治州人大代表有12万，省级包括省、自治区、直辖市人大代表有2万，全国人大代表有近3000人，这五级人大代表共有262万。

Deputies play a principal role in the people's congress system. Representing the people's interests and wills, deputies at various levels form their corresponding levels of the overall people's congress system, and exert state power in accordance with the law. I'd like to briefly introduce the general situation of these deputies at all levels. We have altogether 2.62 million deputies to people's congresses at five levels, that is, about 1.88 million at the town level, 590,000 at the county level, 120,000 at the city or prefectural level, 20,000 at provincial level, and 3,000 at the national level.

人大代表来自人民、代表人民，依法履行职责。人大代表加强同人民群众的联系，是人民代表大会制度的基本要求。新形势下，坚持和完善人民代表大会制度必须加强人大代表同人民群众的联系，充分发挥各级人大代表作用。党的十九届四中全会通过的《决定》，在这方面提出了明确要求，各级人大代表要把加强同人民群众的联系作为对人民负责、受人民监督的重要内容，通过各种形式和渠道听取人民群众的意见建议。

Deputies to people's congresses come from the people, represent the people, and perform their duties in accordance with the law. Strengthening ties between deputies and the people is a basic requirement of the people's congress system. To uphold and improve the system under the new circumstances, we must seek to enhance communication between deputies and the people and let the deputies at all levels fully play their role. The Decision clearly stipulates that to be responsible for the people and be supervised by them, deputies at all levels must get closer to the masses and seek advice from them through various channels.　　

充分发挥代表作用，是加强人大工作一项重要内容，有很多形式和渠道。其中，提出议案、建议是很重要的一项，每年召开全国“两会”时，大家都能感受到。人大代表履职的一个重要方式就是提出议案、建议。比如，今年3月召开的十三届全国人大二次会议期间，代表提出的议案共490多件，大部分都属于立法修法项目，也就是涉及国家法治建设方面的议题。代表提出的建议、批评和意见，我们统称为“建议”，共8160件，涉及国家各方面事业、各方面工作，包括经济社会发展、生态环境保护、保障改善民生等。对人大代表提出的议案、建议，我们各国家机关包括全国人大常委会、国务院、国家监察委员会、最高人民法院、最高人民检察院，都会依法认真研究办理。目前，研究办理代表提出的议案、建议，已经形成了比较成熟的工作程序和机制。

Allowing deputies to fully play their roles is important for improving the work of the people's congresses. And there are many ways to do that. Putting forward proposals and suggestions is a vital way familiar to us during the annual "two sessions." During the second session of the 13th National People's Congress held in March, deputies submitted more than 490 proposals, most of which involved the development of the rule of law and focused on legislation and amendment. A total of 8,160 suggestions, criticisms and comments were submitted by deputies, covering various causes such as socioeconomic development, ecological and environmental protection, and improving people's livelihood. These proposals were studied in accordance with the law by state organs including the Standing Committee of the National People Congress, the State Council, the National Supervisory Commission, the Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate. A mature procedural mechanism has been established in this regard.

各级人大常委会高度重视代表工作，尊重代表主体地位，支持和保证代表依法履职，通过多种形式包括调研、视察、走访、参与人大常委会工作等发挥代表作用。代表活动的方式也非常多，像各地普遍建立的代表之家、代表活动室、代表联络站、网络平台等，通过这些形式和渠道，了解社情民意，反映群众诉求，宣传国家法律法规和方针政策，推动有关方面，包括人大自身，也包括“一府一委两院”，都积极解决代表和群众关切的问题，不断加强和改进有关工作。这也是提高国家治理能力和治理水平的一个重要内容。谢谢！

Standing committees of people's congresses at all levels value highly the work of the deputies, honor their principal position, and fully support their efforts in performing duties according to the law and play their roles through undertaking surveys, inspections, visits, and participating in the work of their respective standing committees. Diversified forms such as deputy home, deputy room, deputy junction and the online platform have been set up to facilitate their understanding of public sentiments and concerns, and enable them to introduce the country's laws and policies to the people. Such an approach also allows the people's congress, the people's government, the supervisory commission, the people's court and the people's procuratorate to actively tackle issues of public concern, and constantly improve their performance in this regard. It is also of great significance to the improvement of our national governance capacity. Thank you.

中国日报记者:

China Daily:

在昨天公布的全会《公报》当中我们发现提到这样的说法，发展社会主义先进文化、广泛凝聚人民精神力量，是国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的深厚支撑，请问怎么样理解文化和国家治理的关系？谢谢。

According to the communique released yesterday, developing advanced socialist culture and pooling people's spiritual strength are a strong pillar of support for modernization of the national governance system and capacity. My question is: how to understand the relationship between culture and national governance?

徐麟:

Xu Lin:

请王晓晖先生回答。

Let's give the floor to Mr. Wang Xiaohui.

王晓晖:

Wang Xiaohui:

我认为，文化和国家治理有非常紧密的关系，文化是国家和民族的魂，也是国家治理的魂，所以它在国家治理当中发挥着不可替代的重要作用。首先，我们知道一个国家选择什么样的治理体系，包括选择什么样的制度，是由这个国家的历史传承、文化传统和经济社会发展水平决定的。中国特色社会主义制度和国家治理体系所以具有强大的生命力和巨大的优越性，就是因为它是植根中国大地、具有深厚的中华文化根基、深得人民拥护的制度和治理体系。

I hold that culture has a very close relationship with national governance. As culture is the soul of a country and a nation, as well as national governance, it plays an irreplaceable and important role. First, we need to know that the national governance system chosen by a country is determined by its historical heritage, cultural traditions and economic and social development. The reason why socialism with Chinese characteristics and the country's governance system have such great vitality and superiority is that they are rooted in China with deep Chinese cultural foundations and welcomed by the people.　

在现实国家治理当中，如何发挥好文化特别是核心价值观的引领作用，如何建设具有影响力、凝聚力的主流意识形态，始终是国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的一个非常重要的方面。

In the process of national governance, how to give full play to the leading role of culture, especially the core values, and how to form the influential mainstream ideology with cohesive power are always an important aspect of the modernization of the national governance system and capacity.

这次四中全会对文化方面的制度建设给予高度重视，特别强调发展社会主义先进文化、广泛凝聚人民精神力量，是国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的深厚支撑。《决定》部署了五个方面的重点任务： 一是坚持马克思主义在意识形态领域指导地位的根本制度。二是坚持以社会主义核心价值观引领文化建设制度。三是健全人民文化权益保障制度。四是完善坚持正确导向的舆论引导工作机制。五是建立健全把社会效益放在首位、社会效益和经济效益相统一的文化创作生产体制机制。

The fourth plenary session of the 19th CPC Central Committee laid great emphasis on system improvement in regard to culture, especially stressing that developing advanced socialist culture and pooling people's spiritual strength are a strong pillar of support for the modernization of the national governance system and capacity. The communique outlined key tasks in five aspects: first, upholding the fundamental system that stresses the guiding role of Marxism in ideological fields; second, upholding the system that underscores the leading role of core socialist values in cultural construction; third, enhancing the system for guaranteeing people's cultural rights and interests; fourth, improving and upholding the correct public opinion guidance system; fifth, establishing and enhancing a cultural creation and production system that puts social benefits in the first place and unifies social and economic benefits.

我刚才讲到，我国正处在中华民族伟大复兴的关键时期，面临着复杂的国际国内环境和前所未有的风险挑战。越是在这样的情况下，我们越要坚定文化自信，越要牢牢把握社会主义先进文化的前进方向，激发全民族文化创造活力，更好构筑中国精神、中国价值、中国力量。谢谢！

I've just mentioned we are now in a crucial period of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, facing complications in both the domestic and international environment and unprecedented challenges and risks. The more difficult the situation is, the more efforts we need to make to uphold cultural confidence, keep to the orientation of advanced socialist culture, inspire the cultural creativity of the whole nation, and foster a Chinese spirit, Chinese values and Chinese strength. Thank you.

光明日报记者:

Guangming Daily:

谢谢主持人。刚才舒秘书长在介绍中提到有关社会主义协商民主的内容，我想请问为什么要坚持社会主义协商民主，它有哪些独特的优势？谢谢。　

Thanks. Mr. Shu mentioned socialist consultative democracy just now. I would like to ask why we should adhere to this, and what are its unique advantages? Thank you.

徐麟:

Xu Lin:

请舒秘书长回答。　

Let's invite Mr. Shu to reply.

舒启明:

Shu Qiming:

协商民主是党领导人民有效治理国家，保证人民当家作主的重要制度设计，同选举民主相互补充、相得益彰，丰富了民主形式，拓展了民主渠道，深化了民主内涵。社会主义协商民主是中国社会主义民主政治中独特的、独有的、独到的民主形式。所谓独特，就是我与你不同；所谓独有，就是我有你没有；所谓独到，就是我能你不能。加强协商民主建设，有利于扩大人民群众有序政治参与、更好实现人民当家作主的权利，有利于促进科学决策民主决策、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化，有利于化解矛盾冲突、促进社会和谐稳定，有利于保持党同人民群众的血肉联系、巩固和扩大党的执政基础，有利于发挥我国政治制度优越性，增强中国特色社会主义道路自信、理论自信、制度自信、文化自信。实践充分证明，中国式民主在中国行得通、很管用。谢谢！

Consultative democracy is an important system design through which the Party to lead the people in effectively governing the country and ensure that the people are masters of the country. It complements electoral democracy, and enriches its forms, expanding channels and deepening the connotations of democracy. Socialist consultative democracy is a unique form of democracy in China's socialist democratic politics. "Unique" means being different, belonging to one instead of others, and not to be achieved by others. Strengthening consultative democracy will ensure more people become involved in politics in an orderly manner, better realizing people's right to be masters of the country, and facilitate scientific and democratic policy-making. It will help in achieving the modernization of the national governance system and its overall capacity, and help resolve conflicts, promote social harmony and stability, help maintain the Party's close relationship with the people and consolidate and expand the Party's ruling foundation, putting to good use the advantages of China's political system, and increasing public confidence in the path, theory, system and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Long-term practice has proved that this kind of democracy works well in China. Thank you.

中阿卫视记者:

China Arab TV:

今天我们经常提到法律实施，而现在法律实施可能还是一个短板，有法不依、执法不严、违法不究的问题仍然比较突出，请问四中全会在加强法律实施监督方面，下一步主要有哪些重要举措？谢谢。

Law enforcement has been stressed, but it may still be a weak point. There are prominent problems like non-compliance with the laws, lax law enforcement, and failure to prosecute violations of the law. What are the major measures the fourth plenary session has taken to improve law enforcement and supervision? Thanks.

袁曙宏:

Yuan Shuhong:

这位女士提了很好的问题，就是对法律实施怎样进行监督？我们讲，法律的生命力在于严格执行和全面遵守，否则就会形成“破窗效应”：一个人把玻璃砸破了，如果得不到追究，其他人就会纷纷效仿。法律的执行和遵守也是这样，如果一个人或者一些人违法得不到严厉惩治，其他人也会纷纷效仿。所以，党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央高度重视加强对法律实施的监督，这次中央全会又提出了许多重要举措。

You have raised a very good question on how to supervise law enforcement. The vitality of laws lies in strict enforcement and full compliance; otherwise, there will be a "broken window effect", that is, if one person breaks a window, others will follow suit if the original violator is not held accountable. This applies to all law enforcement and observance. If a person or a group of people who break the law are seen as not being severely punished, others will follow their example. Therefore, since the 18th CPC National Congress, the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core has greatly valued supervision of law enforcement, and put forward more important measures during this plenary session.

一是坚决排除对执法司法活动的干预。人民群众对通过“打招呼”、“批条子”、“递材料”等干预执法司法案件的现象深恶痛绝，要坚决排除各种非法干预，坚决排除各种潜规则，绝不允许法外开恩，绝不允许办关系案、人情案、金钱案。

First, we will resolutely exclude any interference in law enforcement and judicial cases. People detest interference in either verbal or written forms, and we must resolutely rule out all kinds of illegal intervention, hidden rules, illicit leniency towards criminals due to a close relationship or bribery.

二是拓展公益诉讼案件范围。加强生态环境和资源保护、食品药品安全、国有财产保护、英烈权益保护等领域的公益诉讼，有利于保证维护公共利益的法律制度得到有效实施。

Second, we will expand the scope of public interest litigation cases. We will strengthen the public interest litigation principle in environmental conservation, resource protection, food and drug safety, protection of State-owned property and protection of the rights and interests of national heroes and martyrs, and ensure effective enforcement of laws for safeguarding public interests.　

三是加大对严重违法行为处罚力度，实行惩罚性赔偿制度，强化刑事责任追究。特别是对于主观恶意违法且造成严重后果的，不进行严厉惩罚和制裁，就不足以维护法律权威、保证法律实施。

Third, we will be more severe in punishing serious violations of the laws, implement a punitive compensation system, and strengthen criminal liability investigation. In particular, for those who break the laws with subjective malice and cause serious consequences, it would not be enough to maintain the authority of the law and ensure law enforcement if there are no severe punishments or sanctions.　

四是加大全民普法力度，增强全民法治观念，完善包括律师、公证、法律援助、司法鉴定、仲裁、人民调解等在内的公共法律服务体系，方便人民群众得到法律服务，夯实依法治国群众基础。

Fourth, we will intensify efforts to popularize public legal knowledge, increase awareness of the rule of law, improve the public legal service system comprising lawyers, notaries, legal aid personnel, judicial experts, arbitrators and mediators, to improve public access to legal services and consolidate the public foundations of the rule of law.

五是各级党和国家机关以及领导干部要带头尊法学法守法用法，提高运用法治思维和法治方式深化改革、推动发展、化解矛盾、维护稳定、应对风险的能力，以“关键少数”带动全社会严格执行和遵守法律，奋力推动法治国家、法治政府和法治社会建设。谢谢！

Fifth, the Party and State organizations as well as government officials at all levels should take the lead to respect, study, abide by and apply the laws, learn to deepen reform, promote development, resolve contradictions, maintain stability and handle risks through thinking patterns of and approaches to the rule of law, leading the whole society to strictly enforce and abide by the laws, and build the country, government and society based on the rule of law. Thank you.

彭博新闻社记者:

Bloomberg News:

当前，中美关系处在一个相对紧张的状态，您认为这种紧张将如何影响中国的对外经济政策以及中国和其他国家之间的关系，比如说中国是否会因此加快或者放慢其市场的对外开放。

I have a question about U.S-China ties. The relationship right now is in a relatively tense situation. I want to ask how this would affect Chinese policy and China's relationship with the rest of the world. For example, could China speed up or slow down the pace at which it opens access to its markets for foreign investors? Thank you.

徐麟:

Xu Lin:

这个问题请韩文秀先生回答。　

Mr. Han Wenxiu will answer your question.

韩文秀:

Han Wenxiu:

谢谢你的提问。开放是中国特色社会主义制度的重要特征和基本属性。习近平总书记指出，中国越发展，就越开放。经过改革开放40多年的发展，中国经济已经成为世界第二大经济体，今年中国的人均GDP将超过1万美元，明年将全面建成小康社会并开启全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程，这对下一步我们的对外开放提出了新要求。这次全会提出，要建设更高水平开放型经济新体制，实施更大范围、更宽领域、更深层次的全面开放。

Thank you. Opening-up is one of the important features and basic attributes of the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics. General Secretary Xi Jinping has made it clear that the more China develops itself, the more open it will be. Over more than 40 years of reform and opening-up, China has become the world's second largest economy. The country's per capita GDP is estimated to surpass $10,000 this year, and we will complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects by 2020. Now we are embarking on a journey to fully build a modern socialist China, which creates new demands for the reform and opening-up in the future. The session put forward the goal of building new institutions of the open economy at a higher level and carrying out all-round opening-up in more fields, with broader range and greater depth.  

实施更大范围的开放，就是要优化对外开放的空间布局，巩固东部沿海地区开放的先导地位，完善内陆开放布局，加快自贸试验区、自由港等对外开放高地建设，形成东西南北中全方位开放新格局。要大力推动共建“一带一路”高质量发展，拓展对外贸易多元化，做到东方不亮西方亮。

Opening-up in a broader range means optimizing the overall layout of China's opening-up, consolidating the position of eastern coastal areas as the leader of opening-up, achieving better opening-up in the inland areas, speeding up the construction of free trade zones and free ports as a major focus, and building a new pattern of all-round opening-up in every part of the country. We need to vigorously promote the high-quality development of the Belt and Road and expand foreign trade in a diversified way.　　

实施更宽领域的开放，就是要大幅放宽市场准入，推动制造业、服务业、农业全产业扩大开放，要加快金融、电信、教育、医疗、文化等领域开放进程，在更多领域允许外资控股或独资经营，这将为各国的投资者提供更大的市场机遇和发展空间。

Opening-up in more fields means significantly relaxing restrictions on market access. We need to open up more manufacturing, service and agricultural sectors, speed up the opening-up in the fields of finance, telecommunications, education, medical care, and culture, and allow companies with majority foreign ownership or wholly foreign-funded enterprises to operate in more sectors. That will provide more market opportunities and bigger development space for investors of various countries.

实施更深层次的开放，就是要推动贸易和投资自由化便利化，健全外商投资准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理制度，推动规则、规制、管理、标准等制度型开放。中国将认真实施《外商投资法》，更好保护外资合法权益，促进内外资企业公平竞争，加强知识产权和企业商业秘密保护，打造市场化、法治化、国际化的优质营商环境。

Opening-up with greater depth means promoting trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, improving the management system of pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list, and pushing forward opening-up based on rules, regulations, management systems, standards and related institutions. China will earnestly implement the Foreign Investment Law to better protect the lawful rights and interests of foreign companies and foster a level playing field for Chinese and foreign enterprises alike. The country will strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights and business secrets, and create a world-class business environment established on market principles and the rule of law.　

总之，对外开放是中国的基本国策，无论国际风云如何变幻，中国开放的大门会越开越大，营商环境会越来越好，同世界经济的联系会越来越紧密，同各国互利共赢的广度和深度会不断拓展。谢谢！

All in all, opening-up is a basic policy of China. Despite the changes in the international situation, China is going to continue to open its doors wider, and its business environment will become better. As the country is more closely tied with the world economy, we will continuously seek mutual benefit together with other countries in a wider scope and at a deeper level.

徐麟:

Xu Lin:

今天的新闻发布会到此结束，谢谢各位发布人，谢谢各位记者朋友。谢谢！

Today's press conference is hereby concluded. Thank you to all the speakers, and friends from the media.

文章来源：国新办
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