16.3.23李克强总理在澜沧江—湄公河合作首次领导人会议上的讲话
在澜沧江—湄公河合作首次领导人会议上的讲话
Address at the First Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Leaders’ Meeting
中华人民共和国国务院总理 李克强
H.E. Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China
2016年3月23日，三亚
Sanya, 23 March 2016
尊敬的各位同事：
Dear Colleagues,
很高兴在海南三亚同大家见面，欢迎各位出席澜沧江—湄公河合作首次领导人会议。三亚得名于此地的三川汇流。我了解到，在有的湄公河国家语言中，“三亚”也意味着“协定”、“一致”，这表明我们愿意携手合作，赢得区域光明的未来。
I am glad to meet you in Sanya, and I welcome you to the First Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Leaders’ Meeting. Sanya is known for being the place where three rivers converge, and I understand that in the languages of some Mekong River countries, “Sanya” means accord or agreement. This is indeed a show of our readiness to work together for a brighter future of this region.
中国同湄公河五国山水相连，传统友谊世代相传，是天然的合作伙伴和紧密的友好邻邦。中国同湄公河五国都建立了全面战略合作伙伴关系，利益紧密交融，合作基础扎实。2015年，中国同五国贸易总额达1939亿美元，双边人员往来超过1500万人次。中国是柬埔寨、缅甸、泰国和越南的第一大贸易伙伴，是柬埔寨、老挝和缅甸的第一大投资国。创建澜湄合作机制可以说是水到渠成，有利于发挥六国地缘相近、人文相亲、经济互补性强的优势，激发各国的内在发展潜力，也将为亚洲发展和民生改善注入新的活力。
China and the five Mekong River countries share the same mountains and rivers. We are long-standing friends, natural partners and close neighbors. China has established comprehensive strategic partnerships with all the five countries. Our interests are closely intertwined, and our cooperation is solidly-based. In 2015, China’s total trade with the five countries reached US$193.9 billion, and mutual visits exceeded 15 million. China is now the largest trading partner of Cambodia, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam, and it is the top investor in Cambodia, Lao PDR and Myanmar. Against this backdrop, the Lancang-Mekong cooperation mechanism has been launched to better leverage the geographical proximity, cultural affinity and economic complementarity of our six countries and generate great domestic development potential. Such a timely move will also help to inject fresh impetus to development and to betterment of people’s lives in Asia as a whole.微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂
澜湄合作因水结缘，水善利万物而不争。湄公河五国是东盟的重要成员，中国坚定支持东盟一体化进程和共同体建设。澜湄合作机制是对中国—东盟合作框架的有益补充，有利于促进成员国经济社会发展，缩小发展差距，构建中国—东盟全方位合作升级版。澜湄合作也是南南合作的新实践，以实际行动展现我们携手落实联合国2030年可持续发展议程的坚定决心。
Lancang-Mekong cooperation is forged among countries that drink the same water, water that nourishes everything without causing contention. The five Mekong River countries are important members of ASEAN, and China is a strong supporter of ASEAN integration and community-building. The Lancang-Mekong cooperation mechanism (LMC), as a useful complement to China-ASEAN cooperation, helps promote economic and social development of its members, narrow their development gaps, and upgrade overall cooperation between China and ASEAN. Lancang-Mekong cooperation is also a new practice in South-South cooperation, a concrete action that demonstrates the joint commitment of LMC countries to the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
东南亚有句谚语，“微风聚在一起，就有台风的力量”。当前，全球经济复苏进程缓慢，亚洲国家经济下行压力增大，发展经济和改善民生的任务更加紧迫。
A proverb in Southeast Asia says that when breezes combine, they will have the power of a typhoon. As the global economy experiences slow recovery and Asian economies face growing downward pressure, economic development and better livelihood for the people becomes something ever more imperative.微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂
这次会议的主题是“同饮一江水，命运紧相连”。我们要共同维护地区和平、稳定与安宁，手挽手，攥成拳，齐心协力谋求合作，集中精力推动发展。只有这样，才能维护本地区来之不易的发展势头，携手打造团结互助、平等协商、互利互惠、合作共赢的澜湄国家命运共同体，让澜湄流域各国人民的福祉能够一年更比一年多，各国发展前景一年更比一年好，保持澜湄地区的祥和与安宁。
This meeting is convened under the theme of “shared river, shared future”. We LMC countries need to jointly uphold peace, stability and tranquility in our region, and work hand in hand to pursue cooperation and development. We need to maintain the hard-won momentum of growth in our region, and build a community of shared future that features solidarity, mutual assistance, equal-footed consultation, shared benefits and win-win cooperation. This way, we will be able to ensure that in the Lancang-Mekong region, people’s lives continue to improve, countries enjoy even broader prospects of development, and harmony and tranquility continue to prevail.
加强澜湄合作，让澜湄各国好上加好、亲上加亲，是地区国家和各国人民的共同心愿。2012年，泰方提出加强澜湄次区域合作的设想，中方给予积极回应。2014年11月第17次中国—东盟领导人会议上，我提出建立澜沧江－湄公河对话合作机制的倡议。一年多来，我们创建了机制框架，通过了合作概念文件，确定了政治安全、经济和可持续发展、社会人文三大支柱，以及互联互通、产能、跨境经济、水资源、农业和减贫五个优先合作方向，研究提出近百个早期收获项目，为全面长期合作奠定了坚实基础。
Stronger Lancang-Mekong cooperation and even closer ties of friendship are the common aspiration of countries and peoples in the region. In 2012, Thailand raised the idea of enhancing Lancang-Mekong sub-regional cooperation, to which China responded actively. At the 17th China-ASEAN Summit held in November 2014, I proposed establishing the Lancang-Mekong cooperation mechanism. Over the past year, we have set the framework and adopted the concept paper for cooperation. We have identified the three cooperation pillars of political and security issues, economic and sustainable development, and social, cultural and people-to-people exchanges. The five key priority areas include connectivity, production capacity, cross-border economic cooperation, water resources, agriculture and poverty reduction, and nearly 100 early harvest projects are outlined in the joint list of cooperation. This has laid a solid foundation for all-round and long-term cooperation among LMC countries.
亚洲的发展离不开和平稳定的地区环境，澜湄次区域国家也是受益者，这是我们谋发展、促合作的前提。中国与湄公河五国唇齿相依，有着互尊互信、和睦相处、守望相助的良好传统，这也是我们开展合作的优势。好邻居是福，但再好的邻居也难免有磕碰的时候，我们要用好成熟的沟通机制，以诚相待、互谅互让，有事商量着办，就能够不断增加澜湄国家间的政治互信，共同维护澜湄次区域和平稳定的好局面。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂
For Asia to achieve development, there must be an environment of peace and stability. Such an environment brings benefits to Lancang-Mekong countries and provides the basis for Lancang-Mekong cooperation and development. China and the five Mekong River countries are as closely linked as lips and teeth. We enjoy the fine tradition of mutual respect, mutual trust, mutual assistance and harmonious coexistence. This puts us in a favorable position for cooperation. Good neighbors are a blessing for any country anywhere, even though they may sometimes see things differently. What we need to do is to make good use of the mature communication mechanisms, treat each other with sincerity and mutual accommodation, and consult with each other when necessary. This will enable us to deepen political mutual trust, and jointly contribute to peace and stability in the Lancang-Mekong sub-region.
澜湄合作有着悠久传统，但合作机制是新生事物，要保持其旺盛的生命力，我认为应坚持以下四个导向：微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂
It has been the fine tradition for Lancang-Mekong countries to engage in cooperation. Yet for the nascent LMC mechanism to grow strong, I believe the following four points are crucial.
一是共促和平稳定。和平是发展的基础、稳定是增长的支撑。没有和平稳定的地区环境，澜湄国家的发展繁荣就成了无源之水、无本之木。无论国际、地区形势如何变幻，澜湄流域国家都是分不开的利益和命运共同体。我们应该为各国乃至本地区的发展和安全利益多做加法和乘法，培育持久和平、稳定发展的深厚土壤。
– Jointly pursue peace and stability. Peace is the foundation for development and stability the buttress for growth. Without a peaceful and stable regional environment, development and prosperity of Lancang-Mekong countries will be out of the question. Whatever changes in the international and regional situation, our six countries are always in one and the same community as forged by our common interests and shared destiny. We need to redouble our efforts and contribute even more to development and security interests of our countries and the region, and together build the solid groundwork for durable peace, stability and development in the region.
二是坚持发展为先。六国都是发展中国家，发展是我们共同的任务。特别是面对当前世界经济复苏低迷，坚持发展尤为重要。我们要把发展作为贯穿澜湄合作始终的优先方向，把经济互补性转化为发展互助力。要坚持平等协商、优势互补、务实前瞻、开放包容的原则，秉持共商、共建、共享精神参与合作，实现共同发展。
– Give priority to development. All six LMC countries are developing countries. Hence development is of top priority. Commitment to development is especially important now given the currently sluggish world economic recovery. We need to take development as the primary goal of Lancang-Mekong cooperation and work to translate economic complementarity into real development impetus. We need to act according to the principle of equal-footed consultation, mutual learning, pragmatism, and being forward-looking, open and inclusive, and work with each other on the basis of wide consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits, so as to realize common development.微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂
三是依托项目推进。澜湄合作要以项目说话，给民众带来看得见、摸得着的好处。现阶段可根据各国国情，在互联互通、产能、跨境经济、水资源、农业和减贫五个优先方向探索合作，同时重点落实好“早期收获项目联合清单”确定的项目，一步一个脚印地推进合作。建议此次会后尽快结合优先合作方向建立联合工作组，负责规划和督促实施合作项目。
– Focus on concrete projects. Lancang-Mekong cooperation needs to focus on concrete projects and deliver tangible benefits for the people. At present, we may, in light of conditions of every country, explore cooperation possibilities in the five priority areas of connectivity, production capacity, cross-border economic cooperation, water resources, and agriculture and poverty reduction. Our focus may be on the implementation of projects identified in the Joint List of Early Harvest Projects in order to bring our cooperation steadily forward through solid steps. I suggest that joint working groups for priority cooperation be set up as quickly as possible after this meeting to make plans for the projects and monitor cooperation progress.
四是促进开放包容。澜湄合作虽然是我们六国发起的，但并不封闭排他，而是开放包容的。澜湄合作的三大支柱，与东盟共同体建设三大支柱高度契合，将为东盟一体化进程提供有益的助力，我们欢迎其他东盟国家积极参与和提供支持。澜湄合作也完全可以与大湄公河次区域经济合作（GMS）等既有机制相互补充、并行不悖。我们也欢迎域内外其他国家支持澜湄合作进程，努力为促进本地区发展繁荣作出各自贡献。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂
– Promote openness and inclusiveness. Lancang-Mekong cooperation, initiated by our six countries, is open and inclusive; it is not closed or exclusive. The three pillars of LMC are in line with the three pillars of ASEAN community building and will thus provide useful impetus to the ASEAN integration process. We welcome active participation and support from other ASEAN members. The LMC may well reinforce and run in parallel with GMS and other existing mechanisms. We also welcome the support of other countries both within and outside the region that all contribute to regional development and prosperity.
各位同事，
Dear Colleagues,
当前，世界经济整体复苏乏力，不稳定不确定性在增加，亚洲经济下行压力加大。中国和湄公河国家经济发展虽然也遇到一些新挑战，但仍展现出强劲的发展态势。我们六国有着先天的合作优势、牢固的合作基础、强烈的合作愿望、巨大的合作潜力，通过澜湄合作能形成6个1相加大于6的效应，既能顶住外部经济下行压力，促进自身发展，也可以为促进区域、次区域发展振兴探索新路。这里，我愿就澜湄合作未来发展提四点建议：
The world economy as a whole is experiencing a lackluster recovery and destabilizing factors and uncertainties are on the rise. The Asian economy is facing growing downward pressure, and China and Mekong countries have also encountered some new challenges. Yet, the momentum of development in our six countries remains to be strong. Our six countries are fortunate to enjoy the natural advantages, solid foundation, strong desire and huge potential for cooperation. The synergy we could forge through Lancang-Mekong cooperation will be much greater than the mere add-up of six individual countries. It will help us withstand outside downward pressures, promote our respective development, and open up new ways for sub-regional and regional development and revitalization. For that to happen, I wish to make the following four points for the future development of Lancang-Mekong cooperation.
第一，共建澜湄国家命运共同体。一江连六国，澜湄次区域是我们的共同家园。各国要增进政治互信，密切高层交往，加强治国理政交流，坚定支持彼此走符合自身国情的发展道路。多年邻居变成亲。我们要精心培育富有特色的澜湄合作文化，共建团结互助、平等协商、互利互惠、合作共赢的澜湄国家命运共同体，为在更广范围内构建亚洲命运共同体打下坚实的基础。我建议每两年举行一次领导人会议，共商合作大计，引领合作方向。每年举行一次外长会，不定期举行高官会和工作组会，落实和推进合作共识。如有特殊需要，也可在协商一致基础上召开领导人特别会议或特别外长会，逐步形成“领导人引领、全方位覆盖、各部门参与”的合作格局。本次会议将发表《澜湄合作首次领导人会议三亚宣言》，向外界展示我们加强合作的决心，描绘未来合作的发展蓝图。
First, we need to work together to build a Lancang-Mekong community of shared destiny. Our six countries are connected by the same river and the Lancang-Mekong sub-region is our common home. We need to enhance political mutual trust, increase high-level exchanges, step up governance experience sharing, and act as stronger supports of the development path each has chosen in the light of specific national conditions. Neighbors are as close as family members. We need to carefully nurture a cooperation culture distinctive of the Lancang-Mekong sub-region and build a Lancang-Mekong community of shared destiny that features solidarity, mutual assistance, equal-footed consultation, shared benefits and win-win cooperation. This will help lay a strong foundation for the fostering of an Asian community of shared destiny. I suggest the LMC leaders’ meeting be held every two years to make plans and chart the course for overall LMC cooperation. The foreign ministers’ meeting may be held annually and senior officials’ meeting and working group’s meeting be convened as necessary to follow through on the cooperation agreement. When called for by special occasions, special leaders’ meeting or special foreign ministers’ meeting may also be organized on the basis of consensus. All these will help shape a cooperation structure with leaders’ guidance, all-round cooperation and broad participation. This meeting will issue the Sanya Declaration of the First Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Leaders’ Meeting to demonstrate our resolve to enhancing cooperation and draw the blueprint for future cooperation and development.微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂
第二，加强互联互通和产能合作。互联互通是深化地区合作的重要助力。中国已同多个湄公河国家签署或正在商谈共建“一带一路”合作文件，愿加强同各国的发展战略对接。我们要加速推进中老、中泰铁路，中缅陆水联运等大项目，探讨建立澜湄边境地区经济区和产业园区、投资区和交通网，不断完善澜湄地区的基础设施建设。湄公河国家都处于工业化和城镇化的关键时期，都有加强基础设施建设、推进地区互联互通、开展国际产能合作的需要。中国拥有大量优势产业和优质的富余产能，装备和产品性价比高，可以通过产能合作帮助湄公河国家提升工业化产业化水平。本次会议即将审议通过《澜湄国家产能合作联合声明》，各方要积极落实声明精神，发挥各自比较优势，加强在基础设施、工程机械、电力、建材、通讯等领域的合作。中方愿设立100亿元人民币优惠贷款和100亿美元信贷额度，包括50亿美元优惠出口买方信贷和50亿美元产能合作专项贷款，用于支持澜湄地区基础设施建设和产能合作项目。中方还将推动亚洲基础设施投资银行、丝路基金等平台，积极支持澜湄地区基础设施等领域合作开发。中方愿在人民币国际化进程中，在金融领域同湄公河国家开展力度更大的合作。人民币已经加入国际货币基金组织特别提款权货币篮子，人民币汇率将长期在合理均衡水平上保持基本稳定。在可持续发展方面更多运用人民币，推动产能、减贫等合作，维护金融稳定，拥有广阔的前景。次区域内的贸易规模还有很大提升空间，中方将进一步扩大与湄公河国家贸易和投资本币结算，完善跨境人民币清算安排，促进对湄公河国家货币区域挂牌或直接交易，提高澜湄次区域贸易规模和水平。
Second, we need to speed up connectivity and production capacity cooperation. Connectivity generates major impetus to regional cooperation. China has signed or is discussing with Mekong countries cooperation documents on jointly building the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. China wants to synergize its development strategy with that of countries in the sub-region. We need to expedite major projects including the China-Lao PDR railway, the China-Thailand railway, and the China-Myanmar land-water transportation facility. We may also explore the possibility of establishing border area economic zones, industrial parks, investment zones and transportation networks to improve infrastructure development in the sub-region. Now Mekong countries are at the crucial stage of industrialization and urbanization, hence the need for better infrastructure, regional connectivity, and international cooperation on production capacity. China, on its part, has many competitive industries, quality surplus capacity, and cost-effective equipment and products. We may help the Mekong countries advance industrialization and go up the value chain. This meeting will discuss and adopt the Joint Statement on Production Capacity Cooperation Among Lancang-Mekong Countries. I believe we all need to earnestly abide by the principles of the statement, leverage respective competitive edges and strengthen cooperation in such fields as infrastructure, engineering machinery, electricity, construction materials and communications. China wishes to set up a RMB10 billion yuan concessional loan and a US$10 billion credit line, including a US$5 billion preferential export buyers’ credit and a US$5 billion special loan on production capacity cooperation, to support infrastructure and production capacity cooperation in the sub-region. China also will provide active support for infrastructure cooperation and development in the sub-region through such platforms as the AIIB and the Silk Road Fund. As the RMB becomes an increasingly international currency, China also wishes to step up financial cooperation with Mekong countries. The RMB is now included in the IMF SDR basket of currencies and the RMB exchange rate will remain basically stable at an adaptive and equilibrium level for the long run. This puts us in a better position to make greater use of the RMB to support sustainable development and concrete cooperation initiatives in production capacity, poverty reduction and ensuring financial stability. I also see huge room to scale up trade within the sub-region. China will further expand local currency settlement in trade and investment with Mekong countries. We may improve cross-border RMB clearance arrangement, and work for more currencies of Mekong countries to be directly quoted and traded against the RMB in the regional markets, so as to expand and upgrade trade in the Lancang-Mekong sub-region.
第三，聚焦可持续发展议题。我们发展的根本目的是要让人民过上好日子。今年是落实联合国2030年可持续发展议程的开局之年。澜湄次区域国家是这一进程的积极参与者和贡献者。中方在本次会议上提出了《澜湄国家减贫合作非文件》，将继续推动落实“东亚减贫合作倡议”，在湄公河国家开展减贫合作示范项目。中方将在湄公河国家优先使用2亿美元南南合作援助基金，帮助五国落实联合国2030年可持续发展议程所设定的各项目标。中方还将设立澜湄合作专项基金，今后5年提供3亿美元支持六国提出的中小型合作项目。中方愿与湄公河国家共同设立澜湄水资源合作中心和环境合作中心，加强技术合作、人才和信息交流，促进绿色、协调、可持续发展。中方愿同湄公河国家加强跨境传染病联防联控，为五国培养更多公共卫生领域专业人才，开展为当地白内障患者实施免费复明手术的“光明行”计划。
Third, we need to focus on sustainable development. The ultimate purpose of development is to deliver a better life for the people. This year marks the first year to implement the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Countries in the Lancang-Mekong sub-region are active participants in and contributors to the process. China has put forward a non-paper on LMC poverty reduction cooperation at this meeting. We will continue to implement the Cooperation Initiative on Poverty Reduction in East Asia and conduct demonstration projects of poverty alleviation cooperation in Mekong countries, who in fact could be among the first beneficiaries of the US$200 million set from the South-South cooperation fund, for better implementation of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. China will also set up a special fund for Lancang-Mekong cooperation and provide US$300 million in the coming five years to support small- and medium-sized cooperation projects initiated by the six countries. China wishes to set up, in collaboration with Mekong countries, a water resources cooperation center and an environmental protection cooperation center, to strengthen technical cooperation, personnel exchanges and information sharing, and promote green, coordinated and sustainable development in the sub-region. China wishes to step up joint cross-border prevention and control of epidemic diseases, train more public health professionals for the five countries and carry out the “Brightness Action” program to conduct free cataract surgeries for local patients in Mekong countries.
第四，构筑人文交流桥梁。以心相交，方成久远。中国和湄公河国家地理相近、文化相通、人民相亲。赴湄公河五国的中国游客人数逐年攀升，2015年达到1280万人次，中国已成为泰国和越南最大旅游客源国。近年来，湄公河国家年轻人学习汉语的热情高涨，2015年中国和湄公河五国互派留学生总数已超过6万人。我听说，《舌尖上的中国》等在中国热播的电视节目也受到湄公河国家民众的喜爱，让他们了解到中国的美食、民族文化和当代年轻人的生活。五国的文化和美食也受到中国民众，特别是青年人的追捧，可见六国人民加强相互交往和了解的愿望十分强烈。中国愿同湄公河国家在教育、科技、文化、旅游、青年等领域开展形式多样的人文交流，增进信任和友谊，加强人力资源培训合作，未来3年将提供1.8万人年政府奖学金和5000名来华培训名额，并愿探讨在湄公河国家设立职业教育培训中心。此外，中方建议设立澜湄流域综合执法安全合作中心，开展联合执法、人员培训等活动，为澜湄国家发展和人民幸福生活营造和平安宁的环境。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂
Fourth, we need to build bridges of people-to-people and cultural exchanges. It is the heart-to-heart exchanges that sustains true friendship. China and Mekong countries enjoy geographical proximity, cultural affinity and close people-to-people ties. The number of Chinese tourists traveling to the five Mekong countries has been growing each year to reach 12.8 million visits in 2015. China has become the largest source of tourists for Thailand and Vietnam. In recent years, young people in Mekong countries have become more enthusiastic about learning the Chinese language. In 2015, China and the five Mekong countries exchanged over 60,000 students in total. I was told that some hit TV programs in China, like A Bite of Chinese Food, are also popular among Mekong River countries, as these programs provide a glimpse of the Chinese cuisine, culture and way of life of young Chinese people. Likewise, the culture and cuisine of the five Mekong countries are much sought after by the Chinese people, especially the young Chinese. This shows just how eager people are in our six countries to engage in exchanges and know more about each other. China wishes to conduct various forms of people-to-people and cultural exchanges with Mekong River countries in education, science, technology, culture, tourism and among our young people to increase friendship and mutual trust. We may also strengthen cooperation in human resources training. In the coming three years, China may provide an annual amount of 18,000 government scholarships and a total of 5,000 training opportunities in China for Mekong countries. We may even explore the possibility of opening vocational education and training centers in Mekong countries. In addition, China proposes to establish a center for comprehensive law enforcement and security cooperation in the Lancang-Mekong sub-region to conduct joint law enforcement and personnel training, so as to help foster a peaceful environment for countries in the region to pursue development and for the people to live a happier life.微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂
中国的全国两会刚刚审议通过了今年的《政府工作报告》和“十三五”规划纲要。我们将以创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享新发展理念引领发展，继续推进结构性改革，推动经济转型升级，大力发展新经济，这将为包括湄公河流域国家在内的亚洲地区带来不少投资与合作机会。中方愿同各方共同努力，推动澜湄合作健康持续发展，既让中国—东盟合作更上一层楼，也为亚洲的和平稳定、繁荣发展作出新贡献！
In China, the just concluded annual sessions of the NPC and CPPCC adopted the Government Work Report and the Outline of the 13th Five-Year Plan. China’s development will be guided by the new vision of innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development. China will continue to advance structural reform, promote economic transformation and upgrading, and vigorously develop the new economy. All these mean enormous investment opportunities for Mekong countries and other countries in Asia. China stands ready to work with countries in the sub-region to promote sound and steady development of Lancang-Mekong cooperation, achieve greater progress in China-ASEAN cooperation and make new contribution to peace, stability, prosperity and development in Asia.微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂
谢谢大家。
Thank you very much.
