今天公众号“高斋外刊双语精读”给大家分享丹尼尔·笛福（Daniel Defoe）的小说《鲁滨逊漂流记》（Robinson Crusoe）节选的单词解析，译文是曾冲明的版本。译文不好找，有好几个版本不少地方直接翻错的。
《鲁滨逊漂流记》主要讲述了鲁滨逊·克鲁索（Robinson Crusoe）在去非洲航海的途中遇到风暴，只身漂流到一个无人的荒岛上，开始了一段与世隔绝的生活。他凭着强韧的意志与不懈的努力，在荒岛上顽强地生存下来，在岛上生活了28年2个月零19天后，最终得以返回故乡。
Being the third son of the family, and not bred to any trade, my head began to be filled very early with rambling thoughts. My father, who was very ancient, had given me a competent share of learning, as far as house education and a country free school generally go, and designed me for the law; but I would be satisfied with nothing but going to sea; and my inclination to this led me so strongly against the will, nay, the commands, of my father, and against all the entreaties and persuasions of my mother and other friends, that there seemed to be something fatal in that propensity of nature tending directly to the life of misery which was to befall me.
我是家里的第三个儿子，从未让我学到任何手艺，从小就满脑袋的胡思乱想。我父亲非常传统，他让我享受到好的教育，他甚至送我进寄宿学校和上普遍实行的免费村学，他热切希望我学法律。但我对这一切不感兴趣，一心想漂洋过海。我的这种癖好，使我违抗父亲的意愿和谆谆教导，辜负母亲、朋友们的劝告。我的这种癖性本身看来孕育着某种致命的危险，直接酿成我后来遭受到的人生苦难。
第一句：Being the third son of the family, and not bred to any trade, my head began to be filled very early with rambling thoughts.
我是家里的第三个儿子，从未让我学到任何手艺，从小就满脑袋的胡思乱想。
1. breed [briːd] v. 孕育；导致；以…方式教育；使养成。过去分词是bred，如托马斯·沃尔夫（Thomas Wolf）的书籍《天使望故乡》（Look Homewack, Angel）中有这么一句话：
They were not ungenerous or mean: they were simply not bred to any restraint.
他们待人心肠好，毫无恶意，但从小就没有养成自制力。
2. trade [treɪd] n. 贸易；交易；行业；职业；生意；同行；手艺。如牛津词典上有这么一句话：
When she leaves school, she wants to learn a trade.
她毕业后想学一门手艺。
3. rambling [ˈræmblɪŋ] adj. 向四处延伸的；规划凌乱的；冗长而含糊的；不切题的；蔓生的；攀缘生长的。如外研社词典上有这么一句话：
He made a disorganized and rambling speech.
他的讲话杂乱无章，毫无条理。
第二句上：My father, who was very ancient, had given me a competent share of learning, as far as house education and a country free school generally go, and designed me for the law;
我父亲非常传统，他让我享受到好的教育，他甚至送我进寄宿学校和上普遍实行的免费村学，他热切希望我学法律。
1. ancient [ˈeɪnʃənt] adj. 古代的；古老的；很老的；传统的。如经济学人上有这么一句话：
Baby girls are thus victims of a malign combination of ancient prejudice and modern preferences for small families.
因此，女婴就是传统偏见和现代社会对小型家庭偏爱的受害者。
2. competent [ˈkɑːmpɪtənt] adj. 足以胜任的；有能力的；称职的；合格的；足够的；尚好的；有决定权的。如谷歌图书上有这么一句话：
He has a competent knowledge of English.
他有足够的英语知识。
3. house education寄宿教育。
4. (be) designed for sth 为……设计。如牛津词典上有这么一句话：
The software is designed for use in schools.
这个软件是为学校应用设计的。
第二句下：but I would be satisfied with nothing but going to sea; and my inclination to this led me so strongly against the will, nay, the commands, of my father, and against all the entreaties and persuasions of my mother and other friends, that there seemed to be something fatal in that propensity of nature tending directly to the life of misery which was to befall me.
但我对这一切不感兴趣，一心想漂洋过海。我的这种癖好，使我违抗父亲的意愿和谆谆教导，辜负母亲、朋友们的劝告。我的这种癖性本身看来孕育着某种致命的危险，直接酿成我后来遭受到的人生苦难。
1. inclination [ˌɪnklɪˈneɪʃn] n. 倾向；意愿；趋向；趋势；倾斜度，喜好。如汉英大词典上有这么一句话：
She has an inclination for sports.
她爱好运动。
2. nay [neɪ] adv.（强调刚提及之事）不仅如此，而且。如柯林斯词典上有这么一句话：
Such a policy is difficult, nay impossible.
这一政策很难实施，甚至是不可能的。
3. entreaty [ɪnˈtriːti] n. 恳求；乞求，承诺。如柯林斯词典上有这么一句话：
The FA has resisted all entreaties to pledge its support to the campaign.
足协拒绝了一切希望它能承诺支持这次运动的请求。
4. fatal [ˈfeɪtl] adj. 致命的；灾难性的；毁灭性的；导致失败的。如牛津词典上有这么一句话：
If she gets ill again it could prove fatal.
如果她再患病，就会有性命之忧。
5. propensity [prəˈpensəti] n.（行为方面的）倾向；习性。如柯林斯词典上有这么一句话：
Mr Bint has a propensity to put off decisions to the last minute.
宾特先生习惯拖到最后时刻才作决定。
6. misery [ˈmɪzəri] n. 痛苦；悲惨；穷困；悲惨的生活；不幸的事；痛苦的事。如汉英大词典上有这么一句话：
They lived in an abyss of misery.
他们生活在水深火热之中。
7. befall [bɪˈfɔːl] v. 降临到（某人）头上；发生在（某人）身上。如汉英大词典上有这么一句话：
Though death befalls all men alike, it may be weightier than Mount Tai or lighter than a feather.
人固有一死，或重于泰山，或轻于鸿毛。
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“胡思乱想”英文怎么说？ | 《鲁滨逊漂流记》
文章来源：高斋
发布时间：2022-08-10 17:37
作者：高斋
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