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2018年5月CATTI三级笔译英译汉原文出处：也适合MTI翻硕翻译硕士备考

2018年5月CATTI三笔三级笔译实务真题和参考答案

肥胖问题

第一篇：三级笔译英译汉   550字

原文：Improved human well-being is one of the modern era’s greatest triumphs. The age of plenty has also led to an unexpected global health crisis: two billion people are either overweight or obese. Developed countries have been especially susceptible to unhealthy weight gain. However, developing countries are now facing a similar crisis.

原文：Obesity rates have plateaued in high-income countries but are accelerating elsewhere. The combined findings of the World Health Organisation and the World Bank showed that in 2016 Asia was home to half the world’s overweight children. One quarter were in Africa.

原文：This crisis will test the political resolve of governments that have historically focused on ending hunger. These governments must understand that the factors making cities convenient and productive also make their residents prone to obesity.

Urban lifestyles 城市生活方式

原文：Urbanites enjoy a variety of food. Additionally, international fast food chains are flourishing in developing countries. The health risks of such diets are compounded by the sedentary lifestyles of urban dwellers.

原文：People’s leisure time is also being monopolised by passive diversions like television, movies, and video games in the growing number of households able to afford such technologies. 

原文：The alarming implication of these trends is that developing countries may become sick before they get rich. That sickness may, in turn, cripple health systems. The yearly health care costs in Southeast Asia of obesity-related complications like diabetes and cardiovascular disease are already as high as US $10 billion. Such diseases are an added burden on countries already struggling to manage primary health care needs.

原文：Policies related to taxation, urban design, education and awareness and the promotion of localised food systems may help control obesity at a lower cost than eventual medical treatment for an ageing and increasingly overweight population.

Direct interventions 直接干预

原文：Some governments have already experimented with direct interventions to control obesity, such as taxation on unhealthy foods and drinks. Thailand, Brunei and Singapore have adopted soda tax. South Africa is likely to introduce a sugar tax in April 2018. 

原文：The city of Berkeley in California recognises that taxes alone are not enough to address obesity. The city’s sugar tax aims to support child nutrition and community health programmes. This underscores the importance of education and awareness. There is also promise in initiatives. Urban design holds significant power to reshape lifestyle and public health. Improving the attractiveness of public space can draw residents out of their cars and living rooms.

原文：A recent study of urban neighbourhoods in Shanghai and Hangzhou found that residents living in less walkable neighbourhoods had significantly higher Body Mass Indices than those with walkable aisles. Finally, healthier lifestyles begin in grocery store aisles. Governments should encourage tighter connections between agricultural production systems, urban grocers and food vendors.

原文：Such initiatives can also help urban residents better understand the mechanics of food sourcing. This raises awareness about the relationship between natural foods and healthy lifestyles.

原文：Combining controls on unhealthy foods with policies that incentivise healthy eating and active lifestyles constitutes a promising response to rising obesity rates. Addressing public health is a policy mandate for developing countries from both an economic and social point of view. To quote the recent Global Nutrition Report, reducing obesity will boost global development.

2015年5月7日 06:18 英国《金融时报》 詹姆斯•威尔逊报道

第二篇：三级笔译汉译英    336字

原文：煤炭是全球储量最大的资源，但反对使用煤炭的声浪逐渐增长。巨大的碳排放量导致气候变化，引起公众的担忧，煤炭需求出现下降。煤炭相对其他燃料的竞争力減弱。以美国为例，页岩气的出现造成部分煤炭产量由于价格过高而被挤出市场。去年的美国煤炭需求量近9.2亿短吨。由于天然气的价格下跌，今年的需求量将会下降6000万吨到8000万吨。

原文：数据显示，煤炭提供了全球约30%的一次能源和40%以上的电力。在人口第一和第二大国中国和印度，煤炭所满足的能源需求比例甚至达到70%左右。中国的煤炭消费量在2014年已经下滑，煤炭进口下降了11%，这是十年来的首次下降。中国经济增速已经放缓，同时也做出极大努力削减煤炭使用以减少污染。燃煤发电厂仅运行了五成多点的装机容量，再加上煤炭供应充足，导致国际煤炭价格被压低。煤炭出口价格较2011年顶峰下降了约60%。