核电站（nuclear power plant）台湾称核电厂，是利用核裂变(Nuclear Fission)或核聚变(Nuclear Fusion)反应所释放的的能量产生电能的发电厂。目前商业运转中的核能发电厂都是利用核裂变反应而发电。核电站一般分为两部分：利用原子核裂变生产蒸汽的核岛（包括反应堆装置和一回路系统）和利用蒸汽发电的常规岛（包括汽轮发电机系统），使用的燃料一般是放射性重金属：铀、钚。

A power station, also referred to as a generating station, power plant, powerhouse, or generating plant, is an industrial facility for the generation of electric power. Most power stations contain one or more generators, a rotating machine that converts mechanical power into electrical power. The relative motion between a magnetic field and a conductor creates an electrical current. The energy source harnessed to turn the generator varies widely. Most power stations in the world burn fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas to generate electricity. Others use nuclear power, but there is an increasing use of cleaner renewable sources such as solar, wind, wave and hydroelectric.