2016年12月6日，国务院新闻办公室发表《中国的中医药》白皮书。

全文如下：

China's State Council Information Office issued a white paper on the development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in China on Dec. 6, 2016.

Following is the full text of the document.

中国的中医药

（2016年12月）

中华人民共和国

国务院新闻办公室

Traditional Chinese Medicine in China

December 2016

The State Council Information Office

of the People's Republic of China

目 录

Contents

前 言

Preface

一、中医药的历史发展

I. The Historical Development of TCM

二、中国发展中医药的政策措施

II. Policies and Measures on TCM Development

三、中医药的传承与发展

III. Carrying Forward the Tradition and Ensuring the Development of TCM

四、中医药国际交流与合作

IV. International Exchanges and Cooperation in TCM

结束语

Conclusion

前 言

Preface

人类在漫长发展进程中创造了丰富多彩的世界文明，中华文明是世界文明多样性、多元化的重要组成部分。中医药作为中华文明的杰出代表，是中国各族人民在几千年生产生活实践和与疾病作斗争中逐步形成并不断丰富发展的医学科学，不仅为中华民族繁衍昌盛作出了卓越贡献，也对世界文明进步产生了积极影响。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂

Humanity has created a colorful global civilization in the long course of its development, and the civilization of China is an important component of the world civilization harboring great diversity. As a representative feature of Chinese civilization, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a medical science that was formed and developed in the daily life of the people and in the process of their fight against diseases over thousands of years. It has made a great contribution to the nation's procreation and the country's prosperity, in addition to producing a positive impact on the progress of human civilization.

中医药在历史发展进程中，兼容并蓄、创新开放，形成了独特的生命观、健康观、疾病观、防治观，实现了自然科学与人文科学的融合和统一，蕴含了中华民族深邃的哲学思想。随着人们健康观念变化和医学模式转变，中医药越来越显示出独特价值。

TCM has created unique views on life, on fitness, on diseases and on the prevention and treatment of diseases during its long history of absorption and innovation. It represents a combination of natural sciences and humanities, embracing profound philosophical ideas of the Chinese nation. As ideas on fitness and medical models change and evolve, traditional Chinese medicine has come to underline a more and more profound value.

新中国成立以来，中国高度重视和大力支持中医药发展。中医药与西医药优势互补，相互促进，共同维护和增进民众健康，已经成为中国特色医药卫生与健康事业的重要特征和显著优势。

Since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, the Chinese government has set great store by TCM and rendered vigorous support to its development. TCM and Western medicine have their different strengths. They work together in China to protect people from diseases and improve public health. This has turned out to be one of the important features and notable strengths of medicine with Chinese characteristics.

一、中医药的历史发展

I. The Historical Development of TCM

1.中医药历史发展脉络

1. History of TCM

在远古时代，中华民族的祖先发现了一些动植物可以解除病痛，积累了一些用药知识。随着人类的进化，开始有目的地寻找防治疾病的药物和方法，所谓“神农尝百草”、“药食同源”，就是当时的真实写照。夏代（约前2070－前1600）酒和商代（前1600－前1046）汤液的发明，为提高用药效果提供了帮助。进入西周时期（前1046－前771），开始有了食医、疾医、疡医、兽医的分工。春秋战国（前770－前221）时期，扁鹊总结前人经验，提出“望、闻、问、切”四诊合参的方法，奠定了中医临床诊断和治疗的基础。秦汉时期（前221－公元220）的中医典籍《黄帝内经》，系统论述了人的生理、病理、疾病以及“治未病”和疾病治疗的原则及方法，确立了中医学的思维模式，标志着从单纯的临床经验积累发展到了系统理论总结阶段，形成了中医药理论体系框架。东汉时期，张仲景的《伤寒杂病论》，提出了外感热病（包括温疫等传染病）的诊治原则和方法，论述了内伤杂病的病因、病证、诊法、治疗、预防等辨证规律和原则，确立了辨证论治的理论和方法体系。同时期的《神农本草经》，概括论述了君臣佐使、七情合和、四气五味等药物配伍和药性理论，对于合理处方、安全用药、提高疗效具有十分重要的指导作用，为中药学理论体系的形成与发展奠定了基础。东汉末年，华佗创制了麻醉剂“麻沸散”，开创了麻醉药用于外科手术的先河。西晋时期（265－317），皇甫谧的《针灸甲乙经》，系统论述了有关脏腑、经络等理论，初步形成了经络、针灸理论。唐代（618－907），孙思邈提出的“大医精诚”，体现了中医对医道精微、心怀至诚、言行诚谨的追求，是中华民族高尚的道德情操和卓越的文明智慧在中医药中的集中体现，是中医药文化的核心价值理念。明代（1368－1644），李时珍的《本草纲目》，在世界上首次对药用植物进行了科学分类，创新发展了中药学的理论和实践，是一部药物学和博物学巨著。清代（1644－1911），叶天士的《温热论》，提出了温病和时疫的防治原则及方法，形成了中医药防治温疫（传染病）的理论和实践体系。清代中期以来，特别是民国时期，随着西方医学的传入，一些学者开始探索中西医药学汇通、融合。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂

In remote antiquity, the ancestors of the Chinese nation chanced to find that some creatures and plants could serve as remedies for certain ailments and pains, and came to gradually master their application. As time went by, people began to actively seek out such remedies and methods for preventing and treating diseases. Sayings like "Shennong (Celestial Farmer) tasting a hundred herbs" and "food and medicine coming from the same source" are characteristic of those years.

The discovery of alcohol in the Xia Dynasty (c. 2070-1600 BC) and the invention of herbal decoction in the Shang Dynasty (1600-1046 BC) rendered medicines more effective.

In the Western Zhou Dynasty (1046-771 BC), doctors began to be classified into four categories - dietician, physician, doctor of decoctions and veterinarian.

During the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period (770-221 BC), Bian Que drew on the experience of his predecessors and put forward the four diagnostic methods - inspection, auscultation & olfaction, inquiry, and palpation, laying the foundation for TCM diagnosis and treatment.

The Huang Di Nei Jing (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon) compiled during the Qin and Han times (221 BC-AD 220) offered systematic discourses on human physiology, on pathology, on the symptoms of illness, on preventative treatment, and on the principles and methods of treatment. This book defined the framework of TCM, thus serving as a landmark in TCM's development and symbolizing the transformation from the accumulation of clinical experience to the systematic summation of theories. A theoretical framework for TCM had been in place.

The Shang Han Za Bing Lun (Treatise on Febrile Diseases and Miscellaneous Illnesses) collated by Zhang Zhongjing in the Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220) advanced the principles and methods to treat febrile diseases due to exogenous factors (including pestilences). It expounds on the rules and principles of differentiating the patterns of miscellaneous illnesses caused by internal ailments, including their prevention, pathology, symptoms, therapies, and treatment. It establishes the theory and methodology for syndrome pattern diagnosis and treatment differentiation. The Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing (Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica) - another masterpiece of medical literature appeared during this period - outlines the theory of the compatibility of medicinal ingredients. For example, it holds that a prescription should include at the same time the jun (or sovereign), chen (or minister), zuo (or assistant) and shi (or messenger) ingredient drugs, and should give expression to the harmony of the seven emotions as well as the properties of drugs known as "four natures" and "five flavors." All this provides guidance to the production of TCM prescriptions, safe application of TCM drugs and enhancement of the therapeutic effects, thus laying the foundation for the formation and development of TCM pharmaceutical theory. In the late years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Hua Tuo (c. 140-208) was recorded to be the first person to use anesthetic (mafeisan) during surgery.

The Zhen Jiu Jia Yi Jing (AB Canon of Acupuncture and Moxibustion) by Huangfu Mi during the Western Jin time (265-316) expounded on the concepts of zangfu (internal organs) and jingluo (meridians and collaterals). This was the point when theory of jingluo and acupuncture & moxibustion began to take shape.

Sun Simiao, a great doctor of the Tang Dynasty (618-907), proposed that mastership of medicine lies in proficient medical skills and lofty medical ethics, which eventually became the embodiment of a moral value of the Chinese nation, a core value that has been conscientiously upheld by the TCM circles.

A herbology and nature masterpiece, the Ben Cao Gang Mu (Compendium of Materia Medica) compiled by Li Shizhen in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) was the first book in the world that scientifically categorized medicinal herbs. It was a pioneering work that advanced TCM pharmaceutical theory.

The Wen Re Lun (A Treatise on Epidemic Febrile Diseases) by Ye Tianshi during the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) developed the principles and methods for prevention and treatment of pestilential febrile diseases. It represents the theory and results of the practice of TCM in preventing and treating such diseases.

Following the spread of Western medicine in China from the mid-Qing Dynasty, especially during the period of the Republic of China (1912-1949), some TCM experts began to explore ways to absorb the essence of Western medicine for a combination of TCM with Western medicine.

2.中医药特点

2. Characteristics of TCM

在数千年的发展过程中，中医药不断吸收和融合各个时期先进的科学技术和人文思想，不断创新发展，理论体系日趋完善，技术方法更加丰富，形成了鲜明的特点。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂

During its course of development spanning a couple of millennia, TCM has kept drawing and assimilating advanced elements of natural science and humanities. Through many innovations, its theoretical base covered more ground and its remedies against various diseases expanded, displaying unique characteristics.

第一，重视整体。中医认为人与自然、人与社会是一个相互联系、不可分割的统一体，人体内部也是一个有机的整体。重视自然环境和社会环境对健康与疾病的影响，认为精神与形体密不可分，强调生理和心理的协同关系，重视生理与心理在健康与疾病中的相互影响。

First, setting great store by the holistic view. TCM deems that the relationship between humans and nature is an interactive and inseparable whole, as are the relationships between humans and the society, and between the internal organs of the human body, so it values the impacts of natural and social environment on health and illness. Moreover, it believes that the mind and body are closely connected, emphasizing the coordination of physical and mental factors and their interactions in the conditions of health and illness.

第二，注重“平”与“和”。中医强调和谐对健康具有重要作用，认为人的健康在于各脏腑功能和谐协调，情志表达适度中和，并能顺应不同环境的变化，其根本在于阴阳的动态平衡。疾病的发生，其根本是在内、外因素作用下，人的整体功能失去动态平衡。维护健康就是维护人的整体功能动态平衡，治疗疾病就是使失去动态平衡的整体功能恢复到协调与和谐状态。

Second, setting great store by the principle of harmony. TCM lays particular stress on the importance of harmony on health, holding that a person's physical health depends on harmony in the functions of the various body organs, the moderate status of the emotional expression, and adaption and compliance to different environments, of which the most vital is the dynamic balance between yin and yang. The fundamental reason for illness is that various internal and external factors disturb the dynamic balance. Therefore, maintaining health actually means conserving the dynamic balance of body functions, and curing diseases means restoring chaotic body functions to a state of coordination and harmony.

第三，强调个体化。中医诊疗强调因人、因时、因地制宜，体现为“辨证论治”。“辨证”，就是将四诊（望、闻、问、切）所采集的症状、体征等个体信息，通过分析、综合，判断为某种证候。“论治”，就是根据辨证结果确定相应治疗方法。中医诊疗着眼于“病的人”而不仅是“人的病”，着眼于调整致病因子作用于人体后整体功能失调的状态。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂

Third, emphasis on individuality. TCM treats a disease based on full consideration of the individual constitution, climatic and seasonal conditions, and environment. This is embodied in the term "giving treatment on the basis of syndrome differentiation." Syndrome differentiation means diagnosing an illness as a certain syndrome on the basis of analyzing the specific symptoms and physical signs collected by way of inspection, auscultation & olfaction, inquiry, and palpation, while giving treatment means defining the treatment approach in line with the syndrome differentiated. TCM therapies focus on the person who is sick rather than the illness that the patient contracts, i.e., aiming to restore the harmonious state of body functions that is disrupted by pathogenic factors.

第四，突出“治未病”。中医“治未病”核心体现在“预防为主”，重在“未病先防、既病防变、瘥后防复”。中医强调生活方式和健康有着密切关系，主张以养生为要务，认为可通过情志调摄、劳逸适度、膳食合理、起居有常等，也可根据不同体质或状态给予适当干预，以养神健体，培育正气，提高抗邪能力，从而达到保健和防病作用。

Fourth, emphasis on preventative treatment. Preventative treatment is a core belief of TCM, which lays great emphasis on prevention before a disease arises, guarding against pathological changes when falling sick, and protecting recovering patients from relapse. TCM believes that lifestyle is closely related to health, so it advocates health should be preserved in daily life. TCM thinks that a person's health can be improved through emotional adjustment, balanced labor and rest, a sensible diet, and a regular life, or through appropriate intervention in the lifestyle based on people's specific physical conditions. By these means, people can cultivate vital energy to protect themselves from harm and keep healthy.

第五，使用简便。中医诊断主要由医生自主通过望、闻、问、切等方法收集患者资料，不依赖于各种复杂的仪器设备。中医干预既有药物，也有针灸、推拿、拔罐、刮痧等非药物疗法。许多非药物疗法不需要复杂器具，其所需器具（如小夹板、刮痧板、火罐等）往往可以就地取材，易于推广使用。

Fifth, simplicity. TCM doctors diagnose patients through inspection, auscultation & olfaction, inquiry, and palpation. In addition to medication, TCM has many non-pharmacological alternative approaches such as acupuncture and moxibustion, tuina (massage), cupping and guasha (spooning). There is no need for complex equipment. TCM tools, for example, the small splints used in Chinese osteopathy, the spoons used in guasha, or the cups used in cupping therapy, can draw from materials close at hand, so that such treatments can spread easily.

3.中医药的历史贡献

3. TCM's Contributions

中医药是中华优秀传统文化的重要组成部分和典型代表，强调“道法自然、天人合一”，“阴阳平衡、调和致中”，“以人为本、悬壶济世”，体现了中华文化的内核。中医药还提倡“三因制宜、辨证论治”，“固本培元、壮筋续骨”，“大医精诚、仁心仁术”，更丰富了中华文化内涵，为中华民族认识和改造世界提供了有益启迪。

TCM is an important component and a characteristic feature of traditional Chinese culture. Applying such principles as "man should observe the law of the nature and seek for the unity of the heaven and humanity," "yin and yang should be balanced to obtain the golden mean," and "practice of medicine should aim to help people," TCM embodies the core value of Chinese civilization. TCM also advocates "full consideration of the environment, individual constitution, and climatic and seasonal conditions when practicing syndrome differentiation and determining therapies," "reinforcing the fundamental and cultivating the vital energy, and strengthening tendons and bones," and "mastership of medicine lying in proficient medical skills and lofty medical ethics," all concepts that enrich Chinese culture and provide an enlightened base from which to study and transform the world.

中医药作为中华民族原创的医学科学，从宏观、系统、整体角度揭示人的健康和疾病的发生发展规律，体现了中华民族的认知方式，深深地融入民众的生产生活实践中，形成了独具特色的健康文化和实践，成为人们治病祛疾、强身健体、延年益寿的重要手段，维护着民众健康。从历史上看，中华民族屡经天灾、战乱和瘟疫，却能一次次转危为安，人口不断增加、文明得以传承，中医药作出了重大贡献。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂

TCM originated in the Chinese culture. It explains health and diseases from a macro, systemic and holistic perspective. It shows how China perceives nature. As a unique form of medicine, TCM exercises a profound influence on the life of the Chinese people. It is a major means to help the Chinese people maintain health, cure diseases, and live a long life. The Chinese nation has survived countless natural disasters, wars and pestilences, and continues to prosper. In this process, TCM has made a great contribution.

中医药发祥于中华大地，在不断汲取世界文明成果、丰富发展自己的同时，也逐步传播到世界各地。早在秦汉时期，中医药就传播到周边国家，并对这些国家的传统医药产生重大影响。预防天花的种痘技术，在明清时代就传遍世界。《本草纲目》被翻译成多种文字广为流传，达尔文称之为“中国古代的百科全书”。针灸的神奇疗效引发全球持续的“针灸热”。抗疟药物“青蒿素”的发明，拯救了全球特别是发展中国家数百万人的生命。同时，乳香、没药等南药的广泛引进，丰富了中医药的治疗手段。

Born in China, TCM has also absorbed the essence of other civilizations, evolved, and gradually spread throughout the world. As early as the Qin and Han dynasties (221 BC-AD 220), TCM was popular in many neighboring countries and exerted a major impact on their traditional medicines. The TCM smallpox vaccination technique had already spread outside of China during the Ming and Qing dynasties (1368-1911). The Ben Cao Gang Mu (Compendium of Materia Medica) was translated into various languages and widely read, and Charles Darwin, the British biologist, hailed the book as an "ancient Chinese encyclopedia." The remarkable effects of acupuncture and moxibustion have won it popularity throughout the world. The discovery of qinghaosu (artemisinin, an anti-malaria drug) has saved millions of lives, especially in developing countries. Meanwhile, massive imports of medicinal substances such as frankincense and myrrh have enriched TCM therapies.

二、中国发展中医药的政策措施

II. Policies and Measures on TCM Development

中国高度重视中医药事业发展。新中国成立初期，把“团结中西医”作为三大卫生工作方针之一，确立了中医药应有的地位和作用。1978年，中共中央转发卫生部《关于认真贯彻党的中医政策，解决中医队伍后继乏人问题的报告》，并在人、财、物等方面给予大力支持，有力地推动了中医药事业发展。中华人民共和国宪法指出，发展现代医药和我国传统医药，保护人民健康。1986年，国务院成立相对独立的中医药管理部门。各省、自治区、直辖市也相继成立中医药管理机构，为中医药发展提供了组织保障。第七届全国人民代表大会第四次会议将“中西医并重”列为新时期中国卫生工作五大方针之一。2003年，国务院颁布实施《中华人民共和国中医药条例》；2009年，国务院颁布实施《关于扶持和促进中医药事业发展的若干意见》，逐步形成了相对完善的中医药政策体系。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂

China lays great store by the development of TCM. When the People's Republic was founded in 1949, the government placed emphasis on uniting Chinese and Western medicine as one of its three guidelines for health work, and enshrined the important role of TCM. In 1978, the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee transmitted throughout the country the Ministry of Health's "Report on Implementing the Party's Policies Regarding TCM and Cultivating TCM Practitioners," and lent great support in areas of human resources, finance, and supplies, vigorously promoting the development of TCM. It is stipulated in the Constitution of the PRC that the state promotes modern medicine and traditional Chinese medicine to protect the people's health. In 1986, the State Council set up a relatively independent administration of TCM. All provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the central government have established their respective TCM administrations, which has laid an organizational basis for TCM development. At the Fourth Meeting of the Seventh National People's Congress, equal emphasis was put on Chinese and Western medicine, which was made one of the five guidelines in China's health work in the new period. In 2003 and 2009, the State Council issued the "Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Traditional Chinese Medicine" and the "Opinions on Supporting and Promoting the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine," gradually forming a relatively complete policy system on TCM.

中国共产党第十八次全国代表大会以来，党和政府把发展中医药摆上更加重要的位置，作出一系列重大决策部署。在全国卫生与健康大会上，习近平总书记强调，要“着力推动中医药振兴发展”。中国共产党第十八次全国代表大会和十八届五中全会提出“坚持中西医并重”“扶持中医药和民族医药事业发展”。2015年，国务院常务会议通过《中医药法（草案）》，并提请全国人大常委会审议，为中医药事业发展提供良好的政策环境和法制保障。2016年，中共中央、国务院印发《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》，作为今后15年推进健康中国建设的行动纲领，提出了一系列振兴中医药发展、服务健康中国建设的任务和举措。国务院印发《中医药发展战略规划纲要（2016－2030年）》，把中医药发展上升为国家战略，对新时期推进中医药事业发展作出系统部署。这些决策部署，描绘了全面振兴中医药、加快医药卫生体制改革、构建中国特色医药卫生体系、推进健康中国建设的宏伟蓝图，中医药事业进入新的历史发展时期。

Since the CPC's 18th National Congress in 2012, the Party and the government have granted greater importance to the development of TCM, and made a series of major policy decisions and adopted a number of plans in this regard. At the National Conference on Hygiene and Health held in August 2016, President Xi Jinping emphasized the importance of revitalizing and developing traditional Chinese medicine. The CPC's 18th National Congress and the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee both reiterated the necessity to pay equal attention to the development of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine and lend support to the development of TCM and ethnic minority medicine. In 2015, the executive meeting of the State Council approved the Law on Traditional Chinese Medicine (draft) and submitted it to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for deliberation and approval, intending to provide a sounder policy environment and legal basis for TCM development. In 2016 the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the Outline of the Healthy China 2030 Plan, a guide to improving the health of the Chinese people in the coming 15 years. It sets out a series of tasks and measures to implement the program and develop TCM. The State Council issued the Outline of the Strategic Plan on the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2016-2030), which made TCM development a national strategy, with systemic plans for TCM development in the new era. These decisions and plans have mapped out a grand blueprint that focuses on the full revitalization of TCM, accelerated reform of the medical and healthcare system, the building of a medical and healthcare system with Chinese characteristics, and the advancement of the healthy China plan, thus ushering in a new era of development for TCM.

中国发展中医药的基本原则和主要措施：

The basic principles and main measures envisioned to develop TCM are:

坚持以人为本，实现中医药成果人民共享。中医药有很深的群众基础，文化理念易于为人民群众所接受。中医药工作以满足人民群众健康需求为出发点和落脚点，不断扩大中医医疗服务供给，提高基层中医药健康管理水平，推进中医药与社区服务、养老、旅游等融合发展，普及中医药健康知识，倡导健康的生产生活方式，增进人民群众健康福祉，保证人民群众享有安全、有效、方便的中医药服务。

Putting people first, and making achievements in TCM development accessible to everyone. TCM roots deep among the public, and the philosophies it contains are easy to understand. To meet the people's demand for healthcare, China endeavors to expand the supply of TCM services, improve community-level TCM health management, advance the integral development of TCM with community service, care of the elderly and tourism, spread knowledge of TCM and advocate healthy ways of life and work, enhance welfare for the public, and ensure that the people can enjoy safe, efficient, and convenient TCM services.

坚持中西医并重，把中医药与西医药摆在同等重要的位置。坚持中医药与西医药在思想认识、法律地位、学术发展和实践应用上的平等地位，健全管理体制，加大财政投入，制定体现中医药自身特点的政策和法规体系，促进中、西医药协调发展，共同为维护和增进人民群众健康服务。

Equal attention to TCM and Western medicine. Equal status shall be accorded to TCM and Western medicine in terms of ideological understanding, legal status, academic development, and practical application. Efforts shall be made to improve system of administration related to TCM, increase financial input, formulate policies, laws and regulations suited to the unique features of TCM, promote coordinated development of TCM and Western medicine, and make sure that they both serve the maintenance and improvement of the people's health.

坚持中医与西医相互取长补短、发挥各自优势。坚持中西医相互学习，组织西医学习中医，在中医药高等院校开设现代医学课程，加强高层次中西医结合人才培养。中医医院在完善基本功能基础上，突出特色专科专病建设，推动综合医院、基层医疗卫生机构设置中医药科室，实施基本公共卫生服务中医药项目，促进中医药在基本医疗卫生服务中发挥重要作用。建立健全中医药参与突发公共事件医疗救治和重大传染病防治的机制，发挥中医药独特优势。

Making TCM and Western medicine complementary to each other, and letting each play to its strengths. The state encourages exchanges between TCM and Western medicine, and creates opportunities for Western medical practitioners to learn from their TCM counterparts. Modern medicine courses are offered at TCM colleges and universities to strengthen the cultivation of doctors who have a good knowledge of both TCM and Western medicine. In addition to the general departments, TCM hospitals have been encouraged to open specialized departments for specific diseases. General hospitals and community-level medical care organizations have been encouraged to set up TCM departments, and TCM has been made available to patients in the basic medical care system and efforts have been made to make it play a more important role in basic medical care. A mechanism has been established for TCM to participate in medical relief of public emergencies and the prevention and control of serious infectious diseases.

坚持继承与创新的辩证统一，既保持特色优势又积极利用现代科学技术。建立名老中医药专家学术思想和临床诊疗经验传承制度，系统挖掘整理中医古典医籍与民间医药知识和技术。建设符合中医药特点的科技创新体系，开展中医药基础理论、诊疗技术、疗效评价等系统研究，组织重大疑难疾病、重大传染病防治的联合攻关和对常见病、多发病、慢性病的中医药防治研究，推动中药新药和中医诊疗仪器、设备研制开发。

Upholding the dialectical unity of tradition and innovation, i.e., maintaining TCM's characteristics while actively applying modern science and technology in TCM development. A system has been established to carry forward the theories and clinical experience of well-known veteran TCM experts, and efforts have been made to rediscover and categorize ancient TCM classics and folk medical experience and practices. A system of technological innovation has been established to advance TCM progress, and efforts have been made to carry out systemic research on the fundamental theories, clinical diagnosis and treatment, and therapeutic evaluation of TCM. Interdisciplinary efforts have been organized in joint research on the treatment and control of major difficult and complicated diseases and major infectious diseases, as well as research on the prevention and treatment of common diseases, frequently occurring diseases, and chronic diseases using TCM. Endeavor has been made in the R&D of new TCM medicines, and medical devices and equipment.

坚持统筹兼顾，推进中医药全面协调可持续发展。把中医药医疗、保健、科研、教育、产业、文化作为一个有机整体，统筹规划、协调发展。实施基层服务能力提升工程，健全中医医疗服务体系。实施“治未病”健康工程，发展中医药健康服务。开展国家中医临床研究基地建设，构建中医药防治重大疾病协同创新体系。实施中医药传承与创新人才工程，提升中医药人才队伍素质。推动中药全产业链绿色发展，大力发展非药物疗法。推动中医药产业升级，培育战略性新兴产业。开展“中医中药中国行”活动，弘扬中医药核心价值理念。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂

Making overall plans for integrated, coordinated and sustainable development of TCM. The state makes overall plans for the coordinated development of TCM, integrating such areas as TCM clinical practices, healthcare, R&D, education, industry, and culture. Efforts have been made to improve community-level TCM services and the TCM medical care system. A health promotion project featuring preventative treatment of diseases has been launched to enhance TCM medical care. China has built research bases for TCM clinical studies, developed a system of coordination and innovation for the prevention and treatment of major diseases with TCM, and launched programs for training professionals necessary for TCM inheritance and innovation, and improving the quality of the ranks of TCM workers. The state has set out to promote the green development of the entire TCM industrial chain, and vigorous efforts have been made in the development of non-pharmacological therapies. Further efforts have been made to upgrade the TCM industry and develop it into an emerging strategic industry. A nationwide program has been conducted to promote the core values of TCM.

坚持政府扶持、各方参与，共同促进中医药事业发展。把中医药作为经济社会发展的重要内容，纳入相关规划、给予资金支持。强化中医药监督管理，实施中医执业医师、医疗机构和中成药准入制度，健全中医药服务和质量安全标准体系。制定优惠政策，充分发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用，积极营造平等参与、公平竞争的市场环境，不断激发中医药发展的潜力和活力。鼓励社会捐资支持中医药事业，推动社会力量开办中医药服务机构。

Promoting TCM development by way of government support and multi-party participation. The government has made TCM an important component of economic and social development, and has included it in relevant plans and provided financial support. The state has strengthened the supervision and administration of TCM practices, and initiated a market access system for TCM practitioners, TCM medical institutions, and TCM medicines, and improved the standards for the quality and safety of TCM service. The government has developed preferential policies to let the market play a full and decisive role in allocating resources, and is striving to create a market environment characterized by equal participation and fair play, so as to maximize the potential and vitality of TCM. Encouragement has been given to social capital to support the development of TCM, and to private investors to establish TCM healthcare institutions.

三、中医药的传承与发展

III. Carrying Forward the Tradition and Ensuring the Development of TCM

基本建立起覆盖城乡的中医医疗服务体系。在城市，形成以中医（民族医、中西医结合）医院、中医类门诊部和诊所以及综合医院中医类临床科室、社区卫生服务机构为主的城市中医医疗服务网络。在农村，形成由县级中医医院、综合医院（专科医院、妇幼保健院）中医临床科室、乡镇卫生院中医科和村卫生室为主的农村中医医疗服务网络，提供基本中医医疗预防保健服务。截至2015年年底，全国有中医类医院3966所，其中民族医医院253所，中西医结合医院446所。中医类别执业（助理）医师45.2万人（含民族医医师、中西医结合医师）。中医类门诊部、诊所42528个，其中民族医门诊部、诊所550个，中西医结合门诊部、诊所7706个。2015年，全国中医类医疗卫生机构总诊疗人次达9.1亿，全国中医类医疗卫生机构出院人数2691.5万人。中医药除在常见病、多发病、疑难杂症的防治中贡献力量外，在重大疫情防治和突发公共事件医疗救治中也发挥了重要作用。中医、中西医结合治疗传染性非典型肺炎，疗效得到世界卫生组织肯定。中医治疗甲型H1N1流感，取得良好效果，成果引起国际社会关注。同时，中医药在防治艾滋病、手足口病、人感染H7N9禽流感等传染病，以及四川汶川特大地震、甘肃舟曲特大泥石流等突发公共事件医疗救治中，都发挥了独特作用。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂

Establishment of a TCM medical care system covering both urban and rural areas. An urban TCM medical care network, mainly comprising hospitals for TCM (including ethnic minority medicine and integrated Chinese and Western medicine), TCM clinics and general hospitals' TCM clinical departments, and community health centers, has been formed. A rural TCM medical care network has been established, mainly composed of county-level TCM hospitals, TCM clinical departments of general hospitals (specialized hospitals and maternal & child health centers), TCM departments of township-level health centers, and village health clinics, which provides basic TCM healthcare services.

Statistics collected at the end of 2015 show that there were 3,966 TCM hospitals across the country, including 253 hospitals of ethnic minority medicine and 446 hospitals of integrated Chinese and Western medicine; there were 452,000 practitioners and assistant practitioners of TCM (including practitioners of ethnic minority medicine and integrated Chinese and Western medicine); there were 42,528 TCM clinics, including 550 for ethnic minority medicine and 7,706 for integrated medicine; there were 910 million visits that year to TCM medical and health service units across the country and 26,915,000 inpatients treated.

In addition to making contribution to the prevention and treatment of common, endemic and difficult diseases, TCM has played an important role in the prevention and treatment of major epidemics and medical relief in public emergencies and natural disasters. The contribution of TCM and integrated Chinese and Western medicine in treating SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) has been affirmed by the World Health Organization (WHO). TCM treatment of influenza A virus subtype H1N1 has yielded satisfactory results, arousing widespread attention in the international community. In addition, TCM has made distinctive contributions to the prevention and control of epidemics such as HIV/AIDS (Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome), HFMD (Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease), and Influenza A virus subtype H7N9 in humans, as well as to medical relief following the Wenchuan earthquake, the Zhouqu mudslide and other public emergencies and natural disasters.

中医预防保健服务加快发展。推进中医预防保健服务体系建设，在二级以上中医医院设立“治未病”科室，在基层医疗卫生机构、妇幼保健机构、疗养院等开展“治未病”服务，社会中医养生保健机构发展迅速。推进中医药健康服务发展，开展中医药健康旅游、医养结合。中医药健康管理项目作为单独一类列入国家基本公共卫生服务项目，中医药在公共卫生服务中的潜力和优势正逐步释放，推动卫生发展模式从重疾病治疗向全面健康管理转变。

Expedited development of TCM disease prevention and healthcare services. The system of TCM disease prevention and healthcare services has been expedited by establishing preventative healthcare departments at TCM hospitals at/above the second class and providing TCM preventative medical care services at community-level medical and health service institutions, maternal & child health centers and rehabilitation centers. Also seen is rapid growth in the number of privately run TCM healthcare institutions. Endeavor has been made to promote the development of TCM health services and carry out TCM health tourism and TCM integrated treatment and convalesce. TCM health management program has been incorporated as a separate category into the national basic public health service program, gradually releasing the potential and strengths of TCM in public health services, thus fostering a shift from treatment of serious diseases to comprehensive health management in the mode of health development.

中医药在医药卫生体制改革中发挥重要作用。在深化医药卫生体制改革中，充分发挥中医药临床疗效确切、预防保健作用独特、治疗方式灵活、费用相对低廉的特色优势，放大了医改的惠民效果，丰富了中国特色基本医疗卫生制度的内涵。中医药以较低的投入，提供了与资源份额相比较高的服务份额，2009年至2015年，中医类医疗机构诊疗服务量占医疗服务总量由14.3%上升到15.7%。2015年，公立中医类医院比公立医院门诊次均费用低11.5%，住院人均费用低24%。

Important role played by TCM in the reform of the medical care system. In the course of advancing the reform, TCM's distinct strengths, such as its clinical effectiveness, its unique role, flexible ways of treatment and relatively low cost in disease prevention and healthcare, have been fully exploited to augment benefits of reform for the people and enriched the connotation of China's basic medical care system with distinct characteristics. With relatively low cost, TCM has contributed rather a higher share of services in relation to the resources it is entitled to. The medical care services provided by TCM institutions in the national total increased from 14.3 percent to 15.7 percent in the few years from 2009 to 2015. In 2015, out-patient expenses per visit and in-patient expenses per capita at public TCM hospitals were, respectively, 11.5 percent and 24 percent lower than those at general public hospitals.

建立起独具特色的中医药人才培养体系。把人才培养作为中医药事业发展的根本，大力发展中医药教育，基本形成院校教育、毕业后教育、继续教育有机衔接，师承教育贯穿始终的中医药人才培养体系，初步建立社区、农村基层中医药实用型人才培养机制，实现从中高职、本科、硕士到博士的中医学、中药学、中西医结合、民族医药等多层次、多学科、多元化教育全覆盖。截至2015年年底，全国有高等中医药院校42所（其中独立设置的本科中医药院校25所），200余所高等西医药院校或非医药院校设置中医药专业，在校学生总数达75.2万人。实施中医药传承与创新人才工程，开展第五批全国名老中医药专家学术经验继承工作，建设了1016个全国名老中医药专家传承工作室、200个全国基层名老中医药专家传承工作室，为64个中医学术流派建立传承工作室。开展全国优秀中医临床人才研修、中药特色技术传承骨干人才培训、乡村医生中医药知识技能培训等高层次和基层中医药人才培养项目。124名中医药传承博士后正在出站考核。探索建立引导优秀人才脱颖而出的褒奖机制，开展了两届国医大师评选，60位从事中医药、民族医药工作的老专家获得“国医大师”荣誉称号。

Building a distinctive system of training for TCM professionals. Training of professionals is essential for the development of TCM. Thus, great efforts have been made to promote development of education in TCM, basically putting in place a system of training for TCM professionals that features an organic link-up between college, graduate and continuing education, and run through master-apprenticeship training. This, together with a mechanism for training of practical TCM professionals geared toward the needs of the urban and rural communities that has also been initially established, forms a multi-dimensional education network covering multiple disciplines at different levels, including TCM, traditional Chinese pharmacology, integrated Chinese and Western medicine, and ethnic minority medicine at secondary and higher vocational schools, colleges, postgraduate and doctoral studies. By the end of 2015, there were throughout the country 42 institutions of higher learning in TCM (including 25 TCM colleges), and more than 200 Western medicine institutions of higher learning or non-medical higher learning institutions offering programs in TCM, enrolling in total as many as 752,000 students.

In the course of implementing the program of training professionals for inheritance and innovation in TCM, efforts have been made to conserve and disseminate the academic ideas and practical experience of the fifth batch of prominent TCM experts. By 2015, 1,016 studios had been set up for carrying forward their expertise; 200 studios had been set up for passing on the expertise of prominent TCM experts at the grassroots level; 64 studios had been established for promoting various schools of TCM.

TCM training programs targeted at professionals at both grassroots and higher levels have been held, such as training in TCM knowledge and skills for village doctors, training for conserving special traditional pharmacological skills, and advanced training for outstanding TCM clinical practitioners. Together, 124 researchers are finishing postdoctoral studies in TCM inheritance at the Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and their work is being evaluated. Exploration has been made in establishing an incentive mechanism for outstanding TCM workers to come to the fore. By 2015, the title of TCM Master had been awarded to a total of 60 experts practicing TCM and ethnic minority medicine.

中医药科学研究取得积极进展。组织开展16个国家级中医临床研究基地建设及中医药防治传染病和慢性非传染性疾病临床科研体系建设，建立了涵盖中医药各学科领域的重点研究室和科研实验室，建设了一批国家工程（技术）研究中心、工程实验室，形成了以独立中医药科研机构、中医药大学、省级以上中医医院为研究主体，综合性大学、综合医院、中药企业等参与的中医药科技创新体系。近年来，有45项中医药科研成果获得国家科技奖励，其中科技进步一等奖5项。屠呦呦因发现“青蒿素——一种用于治疗疟疾的药物”，荣获2011年美国拉斯克临床医学奖和2015年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。因将传统中药的砷剂与西药结合治疗急性早幼粒细胞白血病的疗效明显提高，王振义、陈竺获得第七届圣捷尔吉癌症研究创新成就奖。开展中药资源普查试点工作，并初步建成由1个中心平台、28个省级中心、65个监测站组成的中药资源动态监测信息和技术服务体系，以及16个中药材种子种苗繁育基地和2个种质资源库。组织开展民族医药文献整理与适宜技术筛选推广工作，涉及150部重要民族医药文献、140项适宜技术。这些科研成果的转化应用，为提高临床疗效、保障中药质量、促进中药产业健康发展提供了支撑。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂

Positive progress made in TCM scientific research. Sixteen national TCM clinical research bases have been built as part of the clinical research system for preventing and treating infectious diseases and chronic non-infectious diseases with TCM. This, together with a number of key research centers and labs covering all disciplines of TCM and national engineering (technology) research centers and labs in this respect, have brought into being a TCM sci-tech innovation system that is based on independent TCM research institutes, TCM universities, and TCM hospitals at and above the provincial level, and participated by comprehensive universities, general hospitals and TCM enterprises.

In recent years, 45 TCM research achievements have been awarded national sci-tech prizes, of which five were first-prize winners of the National Science and Technology Progress Award. Tu Youyou won the 2011 Lasker Award in clinical medicine and the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering qinghaosu (artemisinin). Wang Zhenyi and Chen Zhu were awarded the Seventh Annual Szent-Gyorgyi Prize for Progress in Cancer Research for combining the Western medicine ATRA and the TCM compound arsenic trioxide to treat acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).

A pilot program for Chinese medicinal resources survey has been implemented, forming a dynamic information and technology system with one central platform, 28 provincial-level centers, and 65 monitoring stations. Sixteen seed and seedling bases for Chinese medicinal plants and two germplasm banks have been established. Organizational work has been done for collation of literature and screening of appropriate skills of ethnic minority medicine, involving 150 works on ethnic minority medicine and 140 appropriate skills. The transformation and application of these research results has provided support for enhancing clinical effectiveness, ensuring the quality of Chinese medicine, and fostering the sound development of the TCM pharmaceutical industry.

中药产业快速发展。颁布实施一系列加强野生中药资源保护的法律法规，建立一批国家级或地方性的自然保护区，开展珍稀濒危中药资源保护研究，部分紧缺或濒危资源已实现人工生产或野生抚育。基本建立了以中医药理论为指导、突出中医药特色、强调临床实践基础、鼓励创新的中药注册管理制度。目前，国产中药民族药约有6万个药品批准文号。全国有2088家通过药品生产质量管理规范（GMP）认证的制药企业生产中成药，中药已从丸、散、膏、丹等传统剂型，发展到现在的滴丸、片剂、膜剂、胶囊等40多种剂型，中药产品生产工艺水平有了很大提高，基本建立了以药材生产为基础、工业为主体、商业为纽带的现代中药产业体系。2015年中药工业总产值7866亿元，占医药产业规模的28.55%，成为新的经济增长点；中药材种植成为农村产业结构调整、生态环境改善、农民增收的重要举措；中药产品贸易额保持较快增长，2015年中药出口额达37.2亿美元，显示出巨大的海外市场发展潜力。中药产业逐渐成为国民经济与社会发展中具有独特优势和广阔市场前景的战略性产业。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂

Rapid development of the TCM pharmaceutical industry. A number of laws and regulations have been enacted and implemented on strengthening the protection of TCM wild medicinal resources; a number of national and local nature reserves have been established; research has been conducted on the protection of rare and endangered Chinese medicinal resources; and artificial production or wild tending have been carried out for certain scarce and endangered resources.

A registration management system has been basically established for TCM pharmaceuticals under the guidance of theories of traditional Chinese medicine and pharmacology, highlighting the strengths of TCM, setting great store by clinical practice and encouraging innovation. To date, 60,000 TCM and ethnic minority medical drugs have been approved, and 2,088 pharmaceutical enterprises that have been approved by the Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) of Medical Products are manufacturing Chinese patent medicines. The dosage forms of TCM medicines have increased from a traditionally limited number of forms such as pills, powders, ointments and pellets into more than 40, including dropping pills, tablets, pods and capsules, indicating marked improvement in the technological level of Chinese medicinal drug production, and initial establishment of a modern Chinese medicine industry based on the production of medicinal materials and industrial production and tied together by commerce.

In 2015, the total output value of the TCM pharmaceutical industry was RMB786.6 billion, accounting for 28.55 percent of the total generated by the country's pharmaceutical industry, and becoming a new source of growth in China's economy. Planting Chinese medicinal herbs has become a key means of adjusting the rural industrial structure, improving the eco-environment, and increasing farmers' incomes. Trade in Chinese medicinal products has maintained rapid growth, and the export value of Chinese medicines amounted to US$3.72 billion in 2015, signifying the great potential of Chinese medicines in overseas markets. The TCM pharmaceutical industry has gradually developed into an industry with distinctive strengths and broad market prospects, which is of strategic importance to national economic and social development.

中医药文化建设迈出新步伐。中国政府重视和保护中医药的文化价值，积极推进中医药传统文化传承体系建设，已有130个中医药类项目列入国家级非物质文化遗产代表性项目名录，“中医针灸”列入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录，《黄帝内经》和《本草纲目》入选世界记忆名录。加强中医药健康知识的宣传普及，持续开展“中医中药中国行”大型科普活动，利用各种媒介和中医药文化宣传教育基地，向公众讲授中医药养生保健、防病治病的基本知识和技能，全社会利用中医药进行自我保健的意识和能力不断增强，促进了公众健康素养提高。

New progress in TCM culture. The Chinese government treasures and protects the cultural value of TCM, and endeavors to build a system for passing on the traditional culture of TCM. In total, 130 TCM elements have been incorporated into the Representative List of National Intangible Cultural Heritage, with TCM acupuncture and moxibustion being included in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO, and the Huang Di Nei Jing (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon) and Ben Cao Gang Mu (Compendium of Materia Medica) are listed in the Memory of the World Register. Efforts have been reinforced to promote public awareness in TCM healthcare, including events under the campaign of Traditional Chinese Medicine Across China. Public talks have been organized through media and TCM education bases popularizing basic knowledge and skills of TCM healthcare and prevention and treatment of illnesses. In this way, public awareness of and ability to practice TCM healthcare has been enhanced, and general public health has improved.

中医药标准化工作取得积极进展。制定实施《中医药标准化中长期发展规划纲要（2011－2020年）》，中医药标准体系初步形成，标准数量达649项，年平均增长率29%。中医、针灸、中药、中西医结合、中药材种子种苗5个全国标准化技术委员会及广东、上海、甘肃等地方中医药标准化技术委员会相继成立。42家中医药标准研究推广基地建设稳步推进，常见病中医诊疗指南和针灸治疗指南临床应用良好。民族医药标准化工作不断推进，常见病诊疗指南的研制有序开展，14项维医诊疗指南和疗效评价标准率先发布，首个地方藏医药标准化技术委员会在西藏自治区成立，民族医药机构和人员的标准化工作能力不断提高。

Positive progress in TCM standardization. The Outline of the Medium- and Long-term Development Plan for the Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2011-2020) has been issued and implemented, putting in place initially a system of TCM standards which amount to 649, showing an average annual growth of 29 percent. Five national technical committees of standardization have been established for, respectively, Chinese medicine, acupuncture and moxibustion, TCM drugs, integrated Chinese and Western medicine, and seeds and seedlings of Chinese medicinal plants, with local standardization technical committees of traditional Chinese medicine and pharmaceuticals being set up in Guangdong, Shanghai, Gansu and some other localities. The building of 42 research and application bases for TCM standardization is proceeding smoothly, and the clinical application of guidelines for TCM diagnosis and treatment of commonly seen diseases and guidelines for acupuncture and moxibustion is proving effective.

Steady progress has also been witnessed in standardization of ethnic minority medicine, so has been orderly advancement in the formulation of guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of commonly seen diseases. In this regard, Uyghur medicine has taken the lead, with the publishing of 14 guidelines for disease diagnosis and treatment, and curative effect evaluation. The first local technical committee for standardization of Tibetan medicine has been established in the Tibet Autonomous Region. Constant improvement has been observed in the competence and efficiency of institutions and workers in relation to the standardization of ethnic minority medicine and pharmacology.

四、中医药国际交流与合作

IV. International Exchanges and Cooperation in TCM

推动中医药全球发展。中医药已传播到183个国家和地区。据世界卫生组织统计，目前103个会员国认可使用针灸，其中29个设立了传统医学的法律法规，18个将针灸纳入医疗保险体系。中药逐步进入国际医药体系，已在俄罗斯、古巴、越南、新加坡和阿联酋等国以药品形式注册。有30多个国家和地区开办了数百所中医药院校，培养本土化中医药人才。总部设在中国的世界针灸学会联合会有53个国家和地区的194个会员团体，世界中医药学会联合会有67个国家和地区的251个会员团体。中医药已成为中国与东盟、欧盟、非洲、中东欧等地区和组织卫生经贸合作的重要内容，成为中国与世界各国开展人文交流、促进东西方文明交流互鉴的重要内容，成为中国与各国共同维护世界和平、增进人类福祉、建设人类命运共同体的重要载体。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂

Promoting the globalization of TCM. Traditional Chinese medicine has been spread to 183 countries and regions around the world. According to the World Health Organization, 103 member states have given approval to the practice of acupuncture and moxibustion, 29 have enacted special statutes on traditional medicine, and 18 have included acupuncture and moxibustion treatment in their medical insurance provisions. TCM medicines have gradually entered the international system of medicines, and some of them have been registered in Russia, Cuba, Vietnam, Singapore, United Arab Emirates, and other nations. Some 30 countries and regions have opened a couple of hundred TCM schools to train native TCM workers. The World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies, headquartered in China, has 194 member organizations from 53 countries and regions, and the World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies has 251 member organizations from 67 countries and regions. Traditional Chinese medicine has become an important area of health and trade cooperation between China and the ASEAN, EU, Africa, and Central and Eastern Europe, a key component in people-to-people exchanges between China and the rest of the world and between Eastern and Western cultures, and an important vehicle for China and other countries to work together in promoting world peace, improving the well-being of humanity, and developing a community of shared future.

支持国际传统医药发展。中国政府致力于推动国际传统医药发展，与世界卫生组织保持密切合作，为全球传统医学发展作出贡献。中国总结和贡献发展中医药的实践经验，为世界卫生组织于2008年在中国北京成功举办首届传统医学大会并形成《北京宣言》发挥了重要作用。在中国政府的倡议下，第62届、67届世界卫生大会两次通过《传统医学决议》，并敦促成员国实施《世卫组织传统医学战略（2014－2023年）》。目前，中国政府与相关国家和国际组织签订中医药合作协议86个，中国政府已经支持在海外建立了10个中医药中心。

Supporting the global development of traditional medicine. The Chinese government is dedicated to promoting the development of traditional medicine throughout the world, and works closely with the WHO to contribute to progress in traditional medicine around the globe. China has summarized its successful TCM practices and offers them to the world. It hosted the first WHO Congress on Traditional Medicine in Beijing in 2008, and played an important role in drafting the Beijing Declaration. In accordance with initiatives of the Chinese government, the 62nd and 67th World Health Assemblies passed two resolutions on traditional medicine, and urged its member states to implement the WHO's Traditional Medicine Strategy 2014-2023. Currently, the Chinese government has signed 86 TCM cooperation agreements with other countries and international organizations, and has supported the building of 10 TCM centers overseas.

促进国际中医药规范管理。为促进中医药在全球范围内的规范发展，保障安全、有效、合理应用，中国推动在国际标准化组织（ISO）成立中医药技术委员会（ISO/TC249），秘书处设在中国上海，目前已发布一批中医药国际标准。在中国推动下，世界卫生组织将以中医药为主体的传统医学纳入新版国际疾病分类（ICD-11）。积极推动传统药监督管理国际交流与合作，保障传统药安全有效。

Promoting standard management of TCM internationally. To promote the orderly development of TCM around the globe and ensure its safe, efficient and targeted application, China has facilitated the founding of the ISO/TC249 Traditional Chinese Medicine in the ISO. With its secretariat in Shanghai, it has now issued a series of ISO standards on TCM. Thanks to China's efforts, the WHO has included traditional medicine, represented by TCM, in the new version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). China is working actively to promote international exchange and cooperation in the supervision and management of traditional medicine, in an effort to ensure that it is safe and effective.

开展中医药对外援助。中国在致力于自身发展的同时，坚持向发展中国家提供力所能及的援助，承担相应国际义务。目前，中国已向亚洲、非洲、拉丁美洲的70多个国家派遣了医疗队，基本上每个医疗队中都有中医药人员，约占医务人员总数的10%。在非洲国家启动建设中国中医中心，在科威特、阿尔及利亚、突尼斯、摩洛哥、马耳他、纳米比亚等国家还设有专门的中医医疗队（点）。截至目前，中国政府在海外支持建立了10个中医药中心。近年来，中国加强在发展中国家特别是非洲国家开展艾滋病、疟疾等疾病防治，先后派出中医技术人员400余名，分赴坦桑尼亚、科摩罗、印度尼西亚等40多个国家。援外医疗队采用中药、针灸、推拿以及中西医结合方法治疗了不少疑难重症，挽救了许多垂危病人的生命，得到受援国政府和人民的充分肯定。

Providing TCM medical aid overseas. While seeking its own development, within its capacity China has persisted in providing aid and assistance to other developing countries, fulfilling its due international obligations. To date, China has sent medical teams to over 70 countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, with TCM professionals in almost every team, accounting for 10 percent of the total number of staff. A project has been launched to build TCM centers in African countries, and specialized TCM stations have opened in Kuwait, Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco, Malta, and Namibia. The Chinese government has sponsored 10 TCM centers overseas. In recent years, China has strengthened work in the prevention and control of AIDS and malaria in developing countries, and in African countries in particular, sending a total of 400 TCM specialists to more than 40 countries including Tanzania, Comoros, and Indonesia. Chinese medical teams have treated complicated and refractory diseases with TCM, acupuncture and moxibustion, medical massage, and methods combining Chinese and Western medicine, saving many lives and winning extensive appreciation from governments and people concerned.

结束语

Conclusion

当前，中国经济发展进入新的历史时期，中医药在经济社会发展中的地位和作用愈加重要，已成为独特的卫生资源、潜力巨大的经济资源、具有原创优势的科技资源、优秀的文化资源和重要的生态资源。中医药振兴发展迎来了天时、地利、人和的历史性机遇。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂

China's economic development has entered a new historical period. TCM has come to play an increasingly significant role in the socio-economic development; it has become a unique resource in terms of healthcare, an economic resource with great potential, a scientific and technological resource with originality advantages, an outstanding cultural resource, and an ecological resource of great importance. The time has come for TCM to experience a renaissance.

中国将学习借鉴各种现代文明成果，坚持古为今用，推进中医药现代化，切实把中医药继承好、发展好、利用好，努力实现中医药健康养生文化的创造性转化、创新性发展，使之与现代健康理念相融相通，服务于人民健康，服务于健康中国建设。到2020年，实现人人基本享有中医药服务；到2030年，中医药服务领域实现全覆盖。同时，积极推动中医药走向世界，促进中医药等传统医学与现代科学技术的有机结合，探索医疗卫生保健的新模式，服务于世界人民的健康福祉，开创人类社会更加美好的未来，为世界文明发展作出更大贡献。

China will learn from the achievements of modern civilization, uphold the principle of making the ancient serve the contemporary, and strive to promote the modernization of TCM by making every effort to carry on the good traditions and practices of Chinese medicine, and promote the innovative development of TCM for health preservation, so that TCM will be incorporated into the modern outlook on health to serve the people. By 2020, every Chinese citizen will have access to basic TCM services, and by 2030 TCM services will cover all areas of medical care. Meanwhile, China will also actively introduce TCM to the rest of the world, and promote the integration of TCM and other traditional medicine with modern technology, so as to explore a new model of healthcare to improve the well-being of all people of the world, and make a full contribution to global progress and a brighter future for mankind.

(Source: Xinhua)