中国北斗卫星导航系统
China’s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System
中华人民共和国国务院新闻办公室
The State Council Information Office of the People’s Republic of China
2016年6月
June 2016
目录
Contents
前言
Preface
一、发展目标与原则
I. Goals and Principles of Development
二、持续建设和发展北斗系统
II. Development of the BDS
三、提供可靠安全的卫星导航服务
III. Reliable and Safe Satellite Navigation Services
四、推动北斗系统应用与产业化发展
IV. BDS Application and Industrial Development
五、积极促进国际合作与交流
V. International Cooperation and Exchanges
结束语
Conclusion
前言
Preface
北斗卫星导航系统（以下简称北斗系统）是中国着眼于国家安全和经济社会发展需要，自主建设、独立运行的卫星导航系统，是为全球用户提供全天候、全天时、高精度的定位、导航和授时服务的国家重要空间基础设施。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂
The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (hereinafter referred to as the BDS) has been independently constructed and operated by China with an eye to the needs of the country’s national security and economic and social development. As a space infrastructure of national significance, the BDS provides all-time, all-weather and high-accuracy positioning, navigation and timing services to global users.
20世纪后期，中国开始探索适合国情的卫星导航系统发展道路，逐步形成了三步走发展战略：2000年年底，建成北斗一号系统，向中国提供服务；2012年年底，建成北斗二号系统，向亚太地区提供服务；计划在2020年前后，建成北斗全球系统，向全球提供服务。
In the late 20th century, China started to explore a path to develop a navigation satellite system suitable for its national conditions, and gradually formulated a three-step strategy of development: to complete the construction of the BDS-1 and provide services to the whole country by the end of 2000; to complete the construction of the BDS-2 and provide services to the Asia-Pacific region by the end of 2012; and to complete the construction of the BDS and provide services worldwide around 2020.
随着北斗系统建设和服务能力的发展，相关产品已广泛应用于交通运输、海洋渔业、水文监测、气象预报、测绘地理信息、森林防火、通信时统、电力调度、救灾减灾、应急搜救等领域，逐步渗透到人类社会生产和人们生活的方方面面，为全球经济和社会发展注入新的活力。
Along with the development of the BDS project and service ability, related products have been widely applied in communication and transportation, marine fisheries, hydrological monitoring, weather forecasting, surveying, mapping and geographic information, forest fire prevention, time synchronization for communication systems, power dispatching, disaster mitigation and relief, emergency search and rescue, and other fields. These products are gradually penetrating every aspect of social production and people’s life, injecting new vitality into the global economy and social development.
卫星导航系统是全球性公共资源，多系统兼容与互操作已成为发展趋势。中国始终秉持和践行“中国的北斗，世界的北斗”的发展理念，服务“一带一路”建设发展，积极推进北斗系统国际合作。与其他卫星导航系统携手，与各个国家、地区和国际组织一起，共同推动全球卫星导航事业发展，让北斗系统更好地服务全球、造福人类。
Navigation satellite systems are public resources shared by the whole globe, and multi-system compatibility and interoperability has become a trend. China applies the principle that “The BDS is developed by China, and dedicated to the world” to serve the development of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road (“Belt and Road Initiative” for short), and actively pushes forward international cooperation related to the BDS. As the BDS joins hands with other navigation satellite systems, China will work with all other countries, regions and international organizations to promote global satellite navigation development and make the BDS better serve the world and benefit mankind.
一、发展目标与原则
I. Goals and Principles of Development
中国高度重视北斗系统建设，将北斗系统列为国家科技重大专项，支撑国家创新发展战略。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂
China lays store by the construction of the BDS, ranking it one of its national key technical projects that supports its innovative development strategy.
（一）发展目标
(I) Goals of Development
建设世界一流的卫星导航系统，满足国家安全与经济社会发展需求，为全球用户提供连续、稳定、可靠的服务；发展北斗产业，服务经济社会发展和民生改善；深化国际合作，共享卫星导航发展成果，提高全球卫星导航系统的综合应用效益。
Building a world-class navigation satellite system to meet the needs of the country’s national security as well as economic and social development, and providing continuous, stable and reliable services for global users; developing BDS-related industries to support China’s economic and social development, as well as improvement of people’ s living standards; and enhancing international cooperation to share the fruits of development in the field of satellite navigation, increasing the comprehensive application benefits of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS).
（二）发展原则
(II) Principles of Development
中国坚持“自主、开放、兼容、渐进”的原则建设和发展北斗系统。
China upholds the principles of “independence, openness, compatibility and gradualness” in the BDS construction and development.
——自主。坚持自主建设、发展和运行北斗系统，具备向全球用户独立提供卫星导航服务的能力。
– By “independence,” it means to uphold independent construction, development and operation of the BDS, and acquire the capability to independently provide satellite navigation services to global users.
——开放。免费提供公开的卫星导航服务，鼓励开展全方位、多层次、高水平的国际合作与交流。
– By “openness,” it means to provide open satellite navigation services free of charge, and encourage all-scale, multilevel and high-quality international cooperation and exchange.
——兼容。提倡与其他卫星导航系统开展兼容与互操作，鼓励国际合作与交流，致力于为用户提供更好的服务。
– By “compatibility,” it means to enhance BDS compatibility and interoperability with other navigation satellite systems, and encourage international cooperation and exchanges, so as to provide better services to users.
——渐进。分步骤推进北斗系统建设发展，持续提升北斗系统服务性能，不断推动卫星导航产业全面、协调和可持续发展。
– By “gradualness,” it means to carry out the BDS project step by step, enhance BDS service performance, and boost the development of satellite navigation industry in a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable manner.
二、持续建设和发展北斗系统
II. Development of the BDS
中国始终立足于国情国力，坚持自主创新、分步建设、不断完善北斗系统。
Based on its national conditions, China has independently developed the BDS step by step with constant improvement.
（一）实施“三步走”发展战略
(I) Three-Step Strategy of Development
——第一步，建设北斗一号系统（也称北斗卫星导航试验系统）。1994年，启动北斗一号系统工程建设；2000年，发射2颗地球静止轨道卫星，建成系统并投入使用，采用有源定位体制，为中国用户提供定位、授时、广域差分和短报文通信服务；2003年，发射第三颗地球静止轨道卫星，进一步增强系统性能。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂
– The first step is to construct the BDS-1 (also known as BeiDou Navigation Satellite Demonstration System). The project was started in 1994, and the system was completed and put into operation in 2000 with the launching of two Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) satellites. With an active-positioning scheme, the system provided users in China with positioning, timing, wide-area differential and short message communication services. The third GEO satellite was launched in 2003, which further enhanced the system’s performance.
——第二步，建设北斗二号系统。2004年，启动北斗二号系统工程建设；2012年年底，完成14颗卫星（5颗地球静止轨道卫星、5颗倾斜地球同步轨道卫星和4颗中圆地球轨道卫星）发射组网。北斗二号系统在兼容北斗一号技术体制基础上，增加无源定位体制，为亚太地区用户提供定位、测速、授时、广域差分和短报文通信服务。
– The second step is to construct the BDS-2. The project was started in 2004, and by the end of 2012 a total of 14 satellites – 5 GEO satellites, 5 Inclined Geosynchronous Satellite Orbit (IGSO) satellites and 4 Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellites – had been launched to finish the space constellation deployment. Based on a technical scheme which was compatible with the BDS-1, the BDS-2 added the passive-positioning scheme, and provided users in the Asia-Pacific region with positioning, velocity measurement, timing, wide-area differential and short message communication services.
——第三步，建设北斗全球系统。2009年，启动北斗全球系统建设，继承北斗有源服务和无源服务两种技术体制；计划2018年，面向“一带一路”沿线及周边国家提供基本服务；2020年前后，完成35颗卫星发射组网，为全球用户提供服务。
– The third step is to construct the BDS. The project was started in 2009 to inherit the technical schemes of both active and passive services. The goal is to provide basic services to the countries along the Belt and Road and in neighboring regions by 2018, and to complete the constellation deployment with the launching of 35 satellites by 2020 to provide services to global users.
（二）北斗系统的基本组成
(II) Main Composition of the BDS
北斗系统由空间段、地面段和用户段三部分组成。
The BDS is mainly comprised of three segments: space segment, ground segment and user segment.
——空间段。北斗系统空间段由若干地球静止轨道卫星、倾斜地球同步轨道卫星和中圆地球轨道卫星三种轨道卫星组成混合导航星座。
– The space segment. The BDS space segment is a hybrid navigation constellation consisting of GEO, IGSO and MEO satellites.
——地面段。北斗系统地面段包括主控站、时间同步/注入站和监测站等若干地面站。
– The ground segment. The BDS ground segment consists of various ground stations, including master control stations, time synchronization/uplink stations, and monitoring stations.
——用户段。北斗系统用户段包括北斗兼容其他卫星导航系统的芯片、模块、天线等基础产品，以及终端产品、应用系统与应用服务等。
– The user segment. The BDS user segment consists of various kinds of BDS basic products, including chips, modules and antennae, as well as terminals, application systems and application services, which are compatible with other systems.
（三）北斗系统的发展特色
(III) Characteristics of the BDS
北斗系统的建设实践，实现了在区域快速形成服务能力、逐步扩展为全球服务的发展路径，丰富了世界卫星导航事业的发展模式。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂
The BDS development follows a model of developing regional service capacities, then gradually extending the service globally. This practice has enriched the development models for navigation satellite systems worldwide.
北斗系统具有以下特点：一是北斗系统空间段采用三种轨道卫星组成的混合星座，与其他卫星导航系统相比高轨卫星更多，抗遮挡能力强，尤其低纬度地区性能特点更为明显。二是北斗系统提供多个频点的导航信号，能够通过多频信号组合使用等方式提高服务精度。三是北斗系统创新融合了导航与通信能力，具有实时导航、快速定位、精确授时、位置报告和短报文通信服务五大功能。
The BDS possesses the following characteristics: First, its space segment is a hybrid constellation consisting of satellites in three kinds of orbits. In comparison with other navigation satellite systems, the BDS operates more satellites in high orbits to offer better anti-shielding capabilities, which is particularly observable in terms of performance in the low-latitude areas. Second, the BDS provides navigation signals of multiple frequencies, and is able to improve service accuracy by using combined multi-frequency signals. Third, the BDS integrates navigation and communication capabilities for the first time, and has five major functions - real-time navigation, rapid positioning, precise timing, location reporting and short message communication services.
（四）持续提升北斗系统性能
(IV) Improvement of BDS Performance
为满足日益增长的用户需求，北斗系统将加强卫星、原子钟、信号体制等方面的技术研发，探索发展新一代导航定位授时技术，持续提升服务性能。
To meet the increasing user demand, BDS technical research and development in the areas of satellites, atomic clocks and signals will be strengthened, and a new generation of navigation, positioning and timing technologies will be explored to improve service performance.
——提供全球服务。发射新一代导航卫星，研制更高性能的星载原子钟，进一步提高卫星性能与寿命，构建稳定可靠的星间链路；增发更多的导航信号，加强与其他卫星导航系统的兼容与互操作，为全球用户提供更好的服务。
– Providing global services. China will launch new-generation navigation satellites, develop airborne atomic clocks with enhanced performance, further improve the performance and lifetime of satellites, and build more stable and reliable inter-satellite links. It will broadcast additional navigation signals, and enhance the compatibility and interoperability with other navigation satellite systems, so as to provide better services for global users.
——增强服务能力。大力建设地面试验验证系统，实现星地设备全覆盖测试验证；持续建设完善星基和地基增强系统，大幅提高系统服务精度和可靠性；优化位置报告及短报文通信技术体制，扩大用户容量，拓展服务区域。
– Strengthening service capabilities. China will establish a grounded test and validation bed to accomplish the full coverage of tests and validation for space and ground equipment; continue to build and improve satellite based and ground based augmentation systems to substantially enhance BDS service accuracy and reliability; optimize the technical system of location reporting and short message communication to expand user volume and service coverage.
——保持时空基准。北斗系统时间基准（北斗时），溯源于协调世界时，时差信息在导航电文中发播；推动与其他卫星导航系统开展时差监测，提高兼容与互操作。发展基于北斗系统的全球位置标识体系，推动北斗系统坐标框架与其他卫星导航系统的互操作，并不断精化参考框架。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂
– Maintaining spatio-temporal reference. The BDT is related to the Coordinated Universal Time, and the time bias information is broadcast in the navigation message. China will push forward the clock bias monitoring with other navigation satellite systems, and improve their compatibility and interoperability. It will develop a BDS-based worldwide location identification system, increase the interoperability between BDS coordinate frame and that of other navigation satellite systems, and constantly refine the reference frame.
三、提供可靠安全的卫星导航服务
III. Reliable and Safe Satellite Navigation Services
中国承诺采取多项措施保障系统安全稳定运行，为用户免费提供连续、稳定、可靠的公开服务。
China is committed to ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the BDS by taking multiple measures, and to providing continuous, stable and reliable open services to users free of charge.
（一）保障北斗系统安全稳定运行
(I) Ensuring Safe and Reliable BDS Operations
——完善运行管理机制。完善北斗系统空间段、地面段、用户段的多方联动的常态化机制，不断提高大型星座系统的运行管理保障能力。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂
– Improving the management mechanism on operation. Perfecting a normalized multi-party response mechanism for BDS space segment, ground segment and user segment. Continuously enhancing the capability of assurance to manage the operation of large-scale constellations.
——建立监测评估网络。建设全球连续监测评估系统，积极开展国际合作，广泛利用国际资源，对北斗系统星座状态、信号精度、信号质量和系统服务性能等进行全方位的监测和评估，为用户应用提供参考。
– Establishing a GNSS monitoring and assessment network. Constructing an international GNSS Monitoring and Assessment System, actively implementing international cooperation, extensively exploiting international resources, carrying out monitoring and assessment of the constellation status, signal accuracy, signal quality and service performance of the BDS at every scale, and providing references for users’ applications.
——采取冗余备份手段。采用卫星在轨、地面备份策略，避免和降低卫星突发在轨故障对系统服务性能的影响；采用地面设施的冗余备份设计，着力消除薄弱环节，增强系统可靠性。
– Taking a redundant and backup approach. Adopting a satellite backup strategy both in-orbit and on-ground to reduce and avoid the effects of emergent in-orbit satellite fault affecting service performance. Redundant and backup design is adopted to enable ground facilities to eliminate weak links, and to enhance BDS reliability.
（二）提供免费的公开服务
(II) Providing Open Services Free of Charge
目前，正在运行的北斗二号系统发播B1I和B2I公开服务信号，免费向亚太地区提供公开服务。服务区为南北纬55度、东经55度到180度区域，定位精度优于10米，测速精度优于0.2米/秒，授时精度优于50纳秒。
Currently, B1I and B2I open service signals are being broadcast by the operating BDS-2 to provide open services to the Asia-Pacific region free of charge. The services cover an area extending 55 degrees North-55 degrees South and 55 degrees East-180 degrees East, with positioning accuracy less than 10 meters, velocity measurement accuracy less than 0.2 meter per second, and timing accuracy less than 50 nanoseconds.
（三）及时发布系统信息
(III) Disseminating BDS Information in a Timely Manner
——发布北斗系统公开服务信号文件，为全球研发北斗应用产品提供输入。目前，已发布B1I、B2I信号接口控制文件，定义了北斗二号系统卫星与用户终端之间的接口关系，规范了信号结构、基本特性、测距码、导航电文等内容；已发布公开服务性能规范，定义了北斗二号系统服务覆盖范围、精度、连续性、可用性等性能指标。后续，将结合北斗系统建设发展持续更新和发布。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂
– Publishing BDS documents related to open services and signals to provide inputs for global BDS product development efforts. The Interface Control Document of B1I and B2I signals has been published, which defines the interface specifications between the BDS-2 satellites and user terminals. It specifies the signal structures, basic characteristics, ranging codes, NAV messages and other contents. The Open Service Performance Standard has been published, which defines the service coverage area, accuracy, continuity, availability, and other performance indexes of the BDS-2. In the future, related documents will be updated and published in step with BDS construction and development.
——建立多渠道信息发布机制。适时召开新闻发布会，权威发布北斗系统发展重要信息；通过北斗官方网站（网址www.beidou.gov.cn），及时更新系统建设、运行、应用、国际合作等方面最新动态；在采取可能影响用户服务的计划之前，向国际社会提前发布通告。
– Establishing a multi-channel information dissemination mechanism. China holds news conferences when appropriate to disseminate important information about BDS development, and releases the latest news of the system in a timely manner through the official BDS website (www.beidou.gov.cn) from the aspects of system construction, operation, application, and international cooperation. It also issues notifications worldwide in advance before carrying out plans which might affect user services.
（四）保护卫星导航频谱使用
(IV) Protecting the Utilization of Radio-Navigation Satellite Frequency Spectrum
——依法保护卫星导航频谱。根据国家无线电频谱保护法律法规，保护北斗系统频谱使用，保障北斗系统运行和用户使用安全。
– Protecting the radio-navigation satellite frequency spectrum according to law. China protects the utilization of BDS frequency spectrum, and ensures the safety of BDS operation and BDS users pursuant to the national laws and regulations regarding the radio frequency spectrum.
——坚决抵制有害干扰。严禁生产、销售或使用卫星导航非法干扰设备，依法查处任何影响系统运行和服务的恶意干扰行为。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂
– Firmly rejecting harmful interference. China prohibits the production, sale and use of illegal interference devices, investigates and punishes in accordance with the law any hostile interference actions which affect the system operations and services.
四、推动北斗系统应用与产业化发展
IV. BDS Application and Industrial Development
中国积极培育北斗系统的应用开发，打造由基础产品、应用终端、应用系统和运营服务构成的北斗产业链，持续加强北斗产业保障、推进和创新体系，不断改善产业环境，扩大应用规模，实现融合发展，提升卫星导航产业的经济和社会效益。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂
China strives to enhance BDS application development, in an effort to build a BDS industrial chain which comprises the basic products, application terminals, application systems and operational services, keeps strengthening BDS-related industrial supporting, promotion and innovation systems, continuously improves the industrial environment, expands the application scale for integrated development, and increases the economic and social benefits of the satellite navigation industry.
（一）构建产业保障体系
(I) Establishing an Industrial Supporting System
——出台有关产业政策。中国已制定了卫星导航产业发展规划，对卫星导航产业中长期发展进行了总体部署,鼓励国家部门与地方政府出台支持北斗应用与产业化发展的有关政策。
– Industrial policies. China has formulated development plans for the satellite navigation industry, making overall arrangement for medium- and long-term satellite navigation industrial development, and encourages competent departments and local governments to enact relevant policies to support BDS application and industrial development.
——营造公平的市场环境。努力建立竞争有序的导航产业发展环境，提高资源配置效益和效率；鼓励并支持国内外科研机构、企业、高等院校和社会团体等组织，积极开展北斗应用开发，充分释放市场活力。
– Equitable market environment. China is making efforts to build a development environment for the satellite navigation industry marked by orderly competition, and increase the efficiency and effectiveness of resource allocation. It encourages and supports domestic and overseas organizations, including scientific research institutions, enterprises, colleges, universities and social organizations, to actively develop BDS applications, and fully release market vitality.
——加强标准化建设。2014年，成立了全国北斗卫星导航标准化技术委员会，建立并完善北斗卫星导航标准体系，推动标准验证与实施，着力推进基础、共性、急需标准的制（修）订，全面提升卫星导航标准化发展的整体质量效益。
– Standardization process. In 2014 the National Technical Committee on BeiDou Satellite Navigation of Standardization Administration of China was established, and the BeiDou Satellite Navigation Standard System was set up, which has been constantly improved. China promotes the standards verification and implementation, and expedites the formulation and revision of standards which are fundamental, generally applicable and in urgent need, so as to enhance the quality and benefits of the procedure-based development of satellite navigation.
——构建产品质量体系。着力建立健全卫星导航产品质量保障公共服务平台，积极推进涉及安全领域的北斗基础产品及重点领域应用产品的第三方质量检测、定型及认证，规范卫星导航应用服务和运营，培育北斗品牌。逐步建立卫星导航产品检测和认证机构，强化产品采信力度，促进北斗导航产品核心竞争力的全面提升，推动北斗导航应用与国际接轨。
– Product quality system. China is working to establish and improve a public service platform for satellite navigation product quality assurance. It also actively promotes third-party quality test, type approval and authentication efforts of BDS basic products used in the security sector and application products in key fields. It is regularizing satellite navigation application services and operations, and cultivating the BeiDou brand. It aims to gradually establish satellite navigation product test and authentication institutions, strengthen admissibility of third-party certification, promoting the upgrading of the core competitiveness of BDS products on all scales, and pushing forward BDS applications in line with international conventions.
——建设位置数据综合服务体系。基于北斗增强系统，鼓励采取商业模式，形成门类齐全、互联互通的位置服务基础平台，为地区、行业和大众共享应用提供支撑服务。
– Comprehensive service system of location data. China welcomes commercial operation to be introduced to help build the basic platform of location service based on its BDS augmentation systems, which will have extensive coverage of application fields and interconnections, and provide support services to different regions and industries and to public customers.
（二）构建产业应用推进体系
(II) Establishing an Industrial Application Promotion System
——推行国家关键领域应用。在涉及国家安全和国民经济发展的关键领域，着力推进北斗系统及兼容其他卫星导航系统的技术与产品的应用，为国民经济稳定安全运行提供重要保障。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂
– Application in key sectors. Great efforts are being made to promote the application of BDS technologies and products, which are compatible with other systems, in the key sectors related to national security and economy, to provide important assurance for the steady and safe running of the national economy.
——推进行业/区域应用。推动卫星导航与国民经济各行业的深度融合，开展北斗行业示范，形成行业综合应用解决方案，促进交通运输、国土资源、防灾减灾、农林水利、测绘勘探、应急救援等行业转型升级。鼓励结合“京津冀协同发展”“长江经济带”以及智慧城市发展等国家区域发展战略需求，开展北斗区域示范，推进北斗系统市场化、规模化应用，促进北斗产业和区域经济社会发展。
– Industrial and regional applications. China is pushing forward close integration between satellite navigation and each industry in the national economy, carrying out demonstrations of BDS industrial applications, formulating comprehensive application solutions for industries, and promoting transformation and enhancement in the areas of transportation, national land resources, disaster prevention and reduction, agriculture, forestry and water conservancy, surveying and exploration, and emergency response and rescue. It encourages BDS regional application demonstrations to meet the requirements of the state strategies on regional development, such as the “Coordinated Development for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region,” the building of “Yangtze River Economic Zone” and the development of smart cities. It is also promoting commercial and large-scale BDS applications, and enhancing BDS-related industries, as well as regional economic and social development.
——引导大众应用。面向智能手机、车载终端、穿戴式设备等大众市场，实现北斗产品小型化、低功耗、高集成，重点推动北斗兼容其他卫星导航系统的定位功能成为车载导航、智能导航的标准配置，促进在社会服务、旅游出行、弱势群体关爱、智慧城市等方面的多元化应用。
– Mass market application. The goal is to produce miniaturized, low power-consuming and highly-integrated BDS-related products, oriented to the mass market in the sectors of smart phones, vehicle-borne terminals and wearable devices. The focus is on pushing forward the adoption of satellite navigation and positioning functions based on the BDS and other compatible systems as a standard configuration in the fields of vehicle-borne and intelligent navigation, and promoting diversified applications in social services, transportation, caring for vulnerable groups, and smart cities.
（三）构建产业创新体系
(III) Establishing an Industrial Innovative System
——加强基础产品研发。突破核心关键技术，开发北斗兼容其他卫星导航系统的芯片、模块、天线等基础产品，培育自主的北斗产业链。
– Research and development of basic products. To make breakthroughs in key technologies, China is developing chips, modules, antennae and other basic products based on the BDS and other compatible systems, and fostering an independent BDS industrial chain.
——鼓励创新体系建设。鼓励支持卫星导航应用技术重点实验室、工程（技术）研究中心、企业技术中心等创新载体的建设和发展，加强工程实验平台和成果转化平台能力建设，扶持企业发展，加大知识产权保护力度，形成以企业为主体、产学研用相结合的技术创新体系。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂
– Establishment of an innovation system. China encourages and supports the construction and development of key laboratories for satellite navigation application technologies, research centers of engineering (technology), technology centers of enterprises, and other innovative bodies, enhances the capacity of engineering experiment platforms and achievement transformation platforms, supports relevant enterprises, and makes more efforts to protect intellectual property rights, so as to form a technology innovation system which relies on the enterprise as the main body and combines the efforts of universities, research institutes and application.
——促进产业融合发展。鼓励北斗与互联网+、大数据、云计算等融合发展，支持卫星导航与移动通信、无线局域网、伪卫星、超宽带、自组织网络等信号的融合定位及创新应用，推进卫星导航与物联网、地理信息、卫星遥感/通信、移动互联网等新兴产业融合发展，推动大众创业、万众创新，大力提升产业创新能力。
– Integrated industrial development. China encourages the integrated development of the BDS and Internet+, big data, and cloud computing, supports the integrated positioning and innovative utilization of satellite navigation together with mobile communications, WLAN, pseudo-satellites, ultra-wide band and Ad Hoc Network signals, promotes integrated development of satellite navigation and emerging industries such as the Internet of Things, geographic information, satellite remote sensing and communication, and mobile Internet, and encourages people to start their own businesses and make innovations, so as to vigorously upgrade the innovation capability of the industry.
五、积极促进国际合作与交流
V. International Cooperation and Exchanges
中国将持续推动北斗系统国际化发展，积极务实开展国际合作与交流，服务“一带一路”建设，促进全球卫星导航事业发展，让北斗系统更好地服务全球、造福人类。
China will push forward the international development of the BDS, actively carry out international cooperation and exchanges in this field, so as to serve the Belt and Road Initiative, promote the development of global satellite navigation, and enable the BDS to serve the world and benefit mankind better.
（一）加强与其他卫星导航系统的兼容共用
(I) Strengthening Compatibility and Joint Applications with Other Navigation Satellite Systems
积极推动北斗系统与其他卫星导航系统在系统建设、应用等各领域开展全方位合作与交流，加强兼容与互操作，实现资源共享、优势互补、技术进步，共同提高卫星导航系统服务水平，为用户提供更加优质多样、安全可靠的服务。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂
China actively pushes forward the cooperation and exchanges between the BDS and other navigation satellite systems in the fields of system construction and application from all perspectives, strengthening compatibility and interoperability, achieving resource sharing, complementarity and technology advancement, improving the services of navigation satellite systems, and providing users with more qualified, diversified, safe and reliable services.
（二）按照国际规则合法使用频率轨位资源
(II) Utilizing Frequency and Orbital Slot Resources According to International Rules
频率轨位资源是有限的、宝贵的自然资源，是卫星导航系统发展的重要基础。中国按照国际电信联盟规则，通过友好协商开展北斗系统频率轨位协调，积极参与国际电信联盟规则的研究制定及有关活动，并与有关国家合作拓展卫星导航频率资源。2000年以来，先后与20余个国家、地区和国际组织，300余个卫星网络进行了有效协调。
As limited and valuable natural resources, frequencies and orbital slots provide a critical foundation for the development of navigation satellite systems. Adhering to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) rules, China works to facilitate coordination of BDS frequencies and orbital slots through negotiations, actively participates in the research and formulation of ITU rules and other relevant activities, and expands radio-navigation frequency resources through cooperation with other nations. Since 2000 China has held effective coordination activities on more than 300 satellite networks with more than 20 countries, regions and international organizations.
（三）持续推动北斗系统进入国际标准
(III) Promoting the Ratification of the BDS by International Standards
进入国际标准是北斗系统融入国际体系的重要标志。中国高度重视并持续推动北斗系统进入国际标准化组织、行业和专业应用等国际组织。目前，积极推动北斗系统进入国际民用航空组织、国际海事组织、移动通信国际标准组织等，并鼓励企业、科研院所和高校参与卫星导航终端和应用标准的制定。2014年11月，北斗系统获得国际海事组织认可。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂
The ratification of the BDS by international standards is a milestone for the integration of the BDS into international systems. China spares no effort to get the BDS ratified by the International Organization for Standardization and other international organizations in the industrial and professional application sectors. Currently, positive efforts are being made to advance the recognition of the BDS in the International Civil Aviation Organization, International Maritime Organization, Third-Generation Mobile Communication Standard Partnership Project, and other organizations. China advocates the involvement of enterprises, scientific research, colleges and universities in the formulation of satellite navigation terminals and application standards. In November 2014 the BDS gained recognition from the International Maritime Organization.
（四）积极参与国际卫星导航领域多边事务
(IV) Participating in Multilateral Activities in the Field of International Satellite Navigation
北斗系统作为全球卫星导航系统核心系统之一，中国积极参与卫星导航国际事务，参加联合国全球卫星导航系统国际委员会（ICG）以及有关国际组织活动，促进学术交流与合作，贡献北斗力量，推动卫星导航应用。中国高度重视并积极参加联合国工作，2012年成功主办ICG第七届大会，发起国际监测与评估、应用演示与用户体验活动等倡议，促成各卫星导航系统联合发布服务世界的共同宣言；每年举办中国卫星导航学术年会，为世界卫星导航技术与应用发展发挥积极作用。
The BDS is one of the major GNSS providers, and China actively participates in international satellite navigation affairs, attends the activities held by the International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG) and other relevant international organizations, supports academic exchanges and cooperation in this area, and promotes satellite navigation applications with the contribution of the BDS. China actively takes part in relevant tasks within the orbit of the United Nations, successfully held the Seventh Meeting of the ICG in 2012, when the proposals for the international GNSS Monitoring and Assessment and the BDS/GNSS Application Demonstration and Experience Campaign were initiated, and the Joint Statement of Global Navigation Satellite Systems for serving the whole was issued. The China Satellite Navigation Conference is held annually, and plays a positive role in the development of satellite navigation technologies and applications worldwide.
（五）大力推动卫星导航国际化应用
(V) Promoting International Satellite Navigation Applications
——加强宣传普及。持续开展“北斗行”系列宣传推广活动，推动建立北斗中心，让用户更好地了解北斗、感知北斗，已与多个国家合作建立北斗中心。成立北斗国际交流培训中心，搭建卫星导航教育培训演示平台，持续开展学历教育、暑期学校、短期培训班和研讨会等国际教育培训活动。
– To intensify publicity and popularization in this field, China has implemented the “BDS Tour” series of events, pushed forward the establishment of BDS Centers to enable better understanding of the BDS. BDS Centers have been jointly set up in a number of nations. The BeiDou International Exchange and Training Center has been opened, and a demonstration platform for education and training in the field of satellite navigation has been set up. In addition, academic education, summer schools, short-term training courses and symposiums, and other international education and training activities have been regularly held.
——推动实施国际化工程。鼓励开展国际卫星导航应用的政策、市场、法律、金融等领域的研究和咨询服务，提升国际化综合服务能力。服务“一带一路”建设，与全球有意愿的国家一起，共同建设卫星导航增强系统，提供高精度卫星导航、定位、授时服务，提升北斗系统海外服务性能，促进导航技术的国际化应用。通过构建高精度卫星导航、定位、授时服务运营服务平台，开展交通运输、大众旅游、海上应用、减灾救灾、精密农业等领域应用示范，带动大规模应用推广。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号:高斋翻译学堂
– To advance and implement internationalization projects, China is promoting research and consultancy services regarding the policies, markets, laws and finance related to international satellite navigation applications, and improving comprehensive international service capabilities. In line with the Belt and Road Initiative, China will jointly build satellite navigation augmentation systems with relevant nations, provide highly accurate satellite navigation, positioning and timing services, improve the overseas BDS service performances, and promote international applications of navigation technologies. China will also carry out application demonstrations in the fields of transportation, tourism, maritime application, disaster reduction and relief, and agriculture, and boost application on a large scale, through establishing an operation and service platform for highly accurate satellite navigation, positioning and timing services.
结束语
Conclusion
卫星导航系统是人类发展的共同财富，是提供全天候精确时空信息的空间基础设施，推动了知识技术密集、成长潜力大、综合效益好的新兴产业集群发展，成为国家安全和经济社会发展的重要支撑，日益改变着人类生产生活方式。
Navigation satellite systems are the common wealth of the development of mankind, and also a space infrastructure which can provide all-time precise time and space information. They promote the development of emerging industrial clusters that are technology- and knowledge-intensive with huge growth potentials and sound comprehensive benefits, thus becoming critical support for national security, economic and social development, and increasingly improve the people’ s production and living activities.
中国将坚定不移地实施北斗系统建设，不断提升系统性能，履行服务承诺。坚持开放合作，加强推广普及，着力促进卫星导航在全球的广泛应用，让卫星导航更好地惠及民生福祉、服务人类发展进步。
China will continue its BDS construction, improve the system performance, and fulfill its service commitments. It will persist in opening up and cooperation, promote the popularization in this field, strive to advance satellite navigation applications worldwide, and make satellite navigation better benefit the wellbeing of the people and the progress of mankind.
