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第七届英译汉原文及参考译文和一等奖译文
文章来源:英语世界 发布时间:2019-04-12 15:10 作者:英语世界 点击:

第七届“北京外国语大学-《英语世界》杯”翻译大赛比赛原文

英译汉原文:

Great Possessions

By Aldo Leopold

【1】One hundred and twenty acres, according to the County Clerk, is the extent of my worldly domain. But the County Clerk is a sleepy fellow, who never looks at his record books before nine o’clock. What they would show at daybreak is the question here at issue.

【2】Books or no books, it is a fact, patent both to my dog and myself, that at daybreak I am the sole owner of all the acres I can walk over. It is not only boundaries that disappear, but also the thought of being bounded. Expanses unknown to deed or map are known to every dawn, and solitude, supposed no longer to exist in my county, extends on every hand as far as the dew can reach.

【3】Like other great landowners, I have tenants. They are negligent about rents, but very punctilious about tenures. Indeed at every daybreak from April to July they proclaim their boundaries to each other, and so acknowledge, at least by inference, their fiefdom to me.

【4】This daily ceremony, contrary to what you might suppose, begins with the utmost decorum. Who originally laid down its protocols I do not know. At 3:30 a.m., with such dignity as I can muster of a July morning, I step from my cabin door, bearing in either hand my emblems of sovereignty, a coffee pot and notebook. I seat myself on a bench, facing the white wake of the morning star. I set the pot beside me. I extract a cup from my shirt front, hoping none will notice its informal mode of transport. I get out my watch, pour coffee, and lay notebook on knee. This is the cue for the proclamations to begin.

【5】At 3:35 the nearest field sparrow avows, in a clear tenor chant, that he holds the jackpine copse north to the riverbank, and south to the old wagon track. One by one all the other field sparrows within earshot recite their respective holdings. There are no disputes, at least at this hour, so I just listen, hoping inwardly that their womenfolk acquiesce in this happy accord over the status quo ante.

【6】Before the field sparrows have quite gone the rounds, the robin in the big elm warbles loudly his claim to the crotch where the icestorm tore off a limb, and all appurtenances pertaining thereto (meaning, in his case, all the angleworms in the not-very-spacious subjacent lawn).

【7】The robin’s insistent caroling awakens the oriole, who now tells the world of orioles that the pendant branch of the elm belongs to him, together with all fiber-bearing milkweed stalks near by, all loose strings in the garden, and the exclusive right to flash like a burst of fire from one of these to another.

【8】My watch says 3:50. The indigo bunting on the hill asserts title to the dead oak limb left by the 1936 drouth, and to divers near-by bugs and bushes. He does not claim, but I think he implies, the right to out-blue all bluebirds, and all spiderworts that have turned their faces to the dawn.

【9】Next the wren – the one who discovered the knothole in the eave of the cabin – explodes into song. Half a dozen other wrens give voice, and now all is bedlam. Grosbeaks, thrashers, yellow warblers, bluebirds, vireos, towhees, cardinals – all are at it. My solemn list of performers, in their order and time of first song, hesitates, wavers, ceases, for my ear can no longer filter out priorities. Besides, the pot is empty and the sun is about to rise. I must inspect my domain before my title runs out.

【10】We sally forth, the dog and I, at random. He has paid scant respect to all these vocal goings-on, for to him the evidence of tenantry is not song, but scent. Any illiterate bundle of feathers, he says, can make a noise in a tree. Now he is going to translate for me the olfactory poems that who-knows-what silent creatures have written in the summer night. At the end of each poem sits the author – if we can find him. What we actually find is beyond predicting: a rabbit, suddenly yearning to be elsewhere; a woodcock, fluttering his disclaimer; a cock pheasant, indignant over wetting his feathers in the grass.

【11】Once in a while we turn up a coon or mink, returning late from the night’s foray. Sometimes we rout a heron from his unfinished fishing, or surprise a mother wood duck with her convoy of ducklings, headed full-steam for the shelter of the pickerelweeds. Sometimes we see deer sauntering back to the thickets, replete with alfalfa blooms, veronica, and wild lettuce. More often we see only the interweaving darkened lines that lazy hoofs have traced on the silken fabric of the dew.

【12】I can feel the sun now. The bird-chorus has run out of breath. The far clank of cowbells bespeaks a herd ambling to pasture. A tractor roars warning that my neighbor is astir. The world has shrunk to those mean dimensions known to county clerks. We turn toward home, and breakfast.

巨大财富

文/奥尔多·利奥波德

译/吴文安

一百二十英亩,据沙县书记员所言,是我拥有的世俗疆域。但沙县书记员总是昏昏欲睡,上午九点之前从不浏览他的记录簿。而拂晓时分领地上展现的一切才是问题所在。

记录与否无关紧要,事实上,只有我与我的狗心知肚明,黎明时分我就是我走过所有地域的唯一主人。不仅仅地界消逝无踪,思维也没了羁绊。地契或地图上未知的广阔每个黎明都知晓,而荒野幽居之地,向来被认定在沙县已不复存在,却在露水洒落之处向四面八方蔓延。

像其他拥有广阔土地的主人那样,我也有众多庄客。他们对租金浑不在意,却对租期一丝不苟。从四月到七月,实际上每个黎明,他们都宣告彼此的地界,至少据我推测,也承认向我租借了土地。

这每日盛典,与你设想的不同,必以最隆重的礼仪开场。是谁最初设定了各项规章,我并不知道。凌晨三点半,我满怀七月清晨崇高的敬重,踏出木屋门,手里拿着领地的所有权标志——咖啡壶和笔记本。我独自坐到长凳上,面对着启明星余光点点。我把咖啡壶放在身边。我从衬衣口袋里掏出杯子,希望没人会注意到这种随意的运输方式。我取出怀表,倒上咖啡,把笔记本放在膝上。这意味着声张权利就此拉开序幕。

三点三十五分,最近的原野春雀展开喉咙,用清亮的男高音旋律,宣告他拥有北至河岸南至旧马路的加拿大短叶松灌木丛。在听力所及范围内,其他的原野春雀也一个接一个用歌喉宣告他们各自的领地。至少此时,大家尚无争执,因此我静心倾听,内心希望他们的女眷能够默许这种和谐的原状。

原野春雀的歌声还没有停歇,大榆树上的知更鸟就婉转高歌,声称冻雨折断树枝的树杈属于他,还有周边的所有区域(对他而言,就是周围并不宽阔草地上的所有蚯蚓)。

知更鸟连绵的欢歌惊醒了黄鹂,他也展开喉咙告知其他黄鹂,那棵大榆树悬垂的树枝属于他,还有附近所有富含纤维的马利筋茎,以及花园里所有的松散茎须。他还拥有专享特权,可以像火花一样在其间穿梭往来。

怀表指向三点五十。小山上的靛蓝鹀开始鸣叫,声称拥有1936年大旱留下来的那棵枯死橡树的枝干,还有周围各式各样的虫子和灌木。他并没有明言,但我想他在暗示,他有权比所有的蓝知更鸟更蓝,而且比所有晨曦中绽放的紫鸭拓草更亮丽。

接下来是鹪鹩放声高歌,正是他发现了小木屋屋檐上的节孔。六七只其他的鹪鹩也加入合唱,一片鸟鸣喧嚣。蜡嘴雀、褐噪鸫、黄林莺、蓝知更鸟、绿鹃、唧鹀、北美红雀纷纷开唱。我按照他们首曲的顺序和时间郑重记下歌单,随后却犹豫、踌躇,停下来,因为我的耳朵已无法区分先后。另外,咖啡已经喝光,太阳即将升起。我必须在失去资格之前巡视我的领地。

我和我的狗,迈步出发,随意而行。狗儿对此起彼伏的歌声毫不在意,对他而言,租住的证据不是歌声,而是气味。他觉得,任何目不识丁的羽毛团儿,都能在树上弄出些噪音来。而他要做的,是要把无论什么悄无声息的动物在夏夜撰写的气味诗行翻译给我。每一首诗的结尾都待着那位作者——如果我们能找到他。而我们寻觅的结果往往出乎意料:一只兔子,突然要跑向别处;一只丘鹬,扇动着翅膀表示可以迁离;或一只雄雉鸡,正为草地弄湿了翅膀懊恼不已。

偶尔,我们会惊起一只浣熊或貂,他们因为夜晚觅食而迟归。有时候,我们会惊扰一只正在捕鱼的苍鹭,或者惊动一只北美鸳鸯雌鸟,她带领一队幼鸟全速奔向梭鱼草丛去躲藏。有时候,我们看到鹿群踱步回到灌木丛里,那里满目都是紫花苜蓿、婆婆纳,以及野莴苣。而通常我们所见,不过是一行行纵横交织的暗色蹄印,那是慵懒的动物在洒满露水的丝滑草地上留下的足迹。

现在我感受到阳光了。鸟儿的合唱已经停歇。远处奶牛的颈铃声告诉我们,它们正悠闲地走向牧场。拖拉机轰鸣着,提醒我邻居已经起床劳作。世界变得渺小,回归到沙县书记员所知的平庸维度。我们转身回家,去吃早饭。

开阔的领地

文/〔美〕奥尔多·利奥波德

译/蒋怡颖

按县书记员的话来说,眼前一百二十英亩的农场是我的领地。不过,这家伙可贪睡了,不到日上三竿,是断然不会翻看他那些记录薄的。那么拂晓时分,农场是怎样的一番景象,是个值得讨论的问题。

管他有没有记录在册呢,反正破晓时漫步走过的每一英亩土地都由我一人主宰,这一点我的爱犬也心领神会。地域上的重重界限消失了,那种被桎梏的压抑感也随之抛诸脑后。契据和地图上没法标明的无边光景[1],其美妙展现在每天的黎明时分。而那份独处的悠然,我本以为在这沙郡中已觅而不得,却不想在每一颗露珠上寻到了它的踪影。

和其他大农场主一样,我也有不少佃户。他们不在乎租金这事,划起领地来却毫不含糊。从四月到七月,每天拂晓时刻,他们都会向彼此宣告领地界限,同时以此表明他们对我的臣服。

这样的仪式天天有,都在极庄严的礼节中拉开帷幕,这恐怕和你所设想的大相径庭。究竟是何方神圣立下这些规矩礼仪,我不得而知。凌晨三点半,我从这七月的拂晓中汲取了威严,昂扬地走出小屋,一手端着咖啡壶,一手拿着笔记本,这两样象征了我对农场的主权。望着那颗闪烁着白色光辉的启明星,我在一张长椅上坐下,咖啡壶先搁在一旁,又从衬衣前襟的口袋里取出一只杯子,但愿没人注意到,这么携带杯子确实有点随意。我掏出手表,给自己倒了杯咖啡,接着把笔记本放在膝盖上。一切就绪,这意味着仪式即将开始。

三点三十五分到了,离我最近的一只原野春雀用清澈的男高音吟唱起来,宣告北到河岸、南至古老马车道的这片短叶松树林,统统都归他所有。附近的原野春雀也应声唱起歌来,一只接一只地声明着自己的领地。歌声里没有争执,至少此时此刻没有。我就这么聆听着,打心眼里希望在这幸福和谐中,他们的雌雀伴侣也能默许原先的领地划分。

原野春雀的吟唱声还在林中回荡,而这边大榆树上的知更鸟已开始鸣啭,歌声嘹亮,他在宣告,这被冰暴[2]折断了枝丫的树杈是他的地盘,当然附带着周围的一些也归他所有(对这只知更鸟而言,其实就是指树下草地里的所有蚯蚓,那里并不算宽敞)。

知更鸟的欢歌不绝于耳,唤醒了睡梦中的黄鹂,现在轮到他向同伴们宣誓主权了,这根下垂的榆树枝便是他的领地。怎能忘了附近那富含纤维的马利筋茎秆,还有园子里散落各处的花草茎秆呢。就连在这些花草间,如一团火焰[3]般飞掠而过,也成了他的特权。

我看了下手表,现在是凌晨三点五十分。山丘上的靛蓝彩鹀开始宣告,那根捱过1936年大旱而枯败的橡树枝,以及周围的各种小虫子和灌木丛,都是他的。还有,他要比所有的蓝知更鸟、所有迎接黎明的紫鸭跖草蓝得更胜一筹,我感觉靛蓝彩鹀有这意思,虽然他没这么声明。

下一位出场的是鹪鹩,就是那只发现了屋檐小孔的小家伙,他放声高歌起来。六位同伴也跟着鸣啭起来。这下好了,除了喧嚣还是喧嚣。蜡嘴雀、矢嘲鸫、黄林莺、东蓝鸲、绿鹃、棕胁唧鹀、主红雀,全都汇入了大合唱。我本想按照鸟儿们献上第一曲的顺序和时间,郑重其事地列张表演者出场表,可无奈耳朵已辨识不清谁先谁后了,下笔踌躇,犹豫不定,最后干脆放下笔。一小壶咖啡不知不觉喝完了,太阳也即将冉冉升起。趁我现在还是这儿的主人,得好好再视察一番。

于是我起身,和爱犬一块儿开始四处闲逛。我的狗儿可顾不上理会这些婉转美妙的歌唱。对他来说,辨别佃户们得靠气味,才不是什么歌声,任何一只无知的鸟,都能在树上唧唧喳喳叫个不停。现在,他要为我诠释那些用气味谱就的诗,谁知道是哪些动物在夏夜里悄悄写下的。走运的话,读完一首诗,往往就能在结尾发现作者。不过我们找到的作者都出人意料:要么是仓惶逃窜的兔子,要么是挥动翅膀弃领地而去的丘鹬,要么是为在草丛里打湿了羽毛而变得焦躁懊恼的雄雉。

我们偶尔会撞见夜间猎食而晚归的浣熊和水貂。有时,我俩的动静还会无意间赶跑正在捕鱼的苍鹭,或惊扰了水中的林鸳鸯,她正朝梭鱼草丛中奋力游去,身后跟着一群小鸳鸯。还有的时候,我们会邂逅一头鹿,他刚刚饱餐了紫苜蓿、婆婆纳、野莴苣,正悠闲地返回树丛。不过大多数的时候,我们只能从露水浸湿、如丝绸般润滑的泥土中,看到一些错综交织的暗色蹄印,那是些懒洋洋的动物留下的。

此时此刻,我已经能感受到阳光了。鸟儿的合唱告一段落。远处传来阵阵牛铃的叮当声,想必牛群们正缓缓走向牧场。拖拉机开始隆隆作响,仿佛在提醒我,邻居起床了。世界又再次回到县书记员所熟知的那个狭小范围。于是,我和爱犬往家的方向走去,一会儿该用早餐了。

注释:

[1]无边光景,形容视线所及的所有风光景物,引自宋代诗人朱熹《春日》中的 “胜日寻芳泗水滨,无边光景一时新”。

[2]冰暴,即一种暴风雨,其所降落的雨只要一接触任何物体就立刻冻结。雨水降落过程中会发生“过冷”现象,却依然保持液态。当这些非正常冷却水到达地面时,会马上冻结成半透明的冰凌,并包裹在所附着物的表层,这里的树枝会因此承受不了而折断。

[3]火焰,形容黄鹂明艳的羽毛和敏捷的身姿,引自徐志摩《猛虎集》中的《黄鹂》,“怕惊了它。但它一展翅,冲破浓密,化一朵彩云;它飞了,不见了,没了——象是春光,火焰,象是热情。”

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