Husband Must Pay Wife $7,700 for Years of Housework, Chinese Court Rules

中国全职太太离婚获5万元补偿引热议

标题中的rule在这里是动词，表示“裁决，判决”。如经济学人例句：She has never ruled on gay marriage, an issue likely to come before the Supreme Court before long.她从不曾做出涉及同性婚姻的判决，而最高法院可能不久之后就将面对关于这个问题的案子。

第一段：A Chinese divorce court has ordered a husband to pay his wife more than $7,700 in compensation for the housework she performed during five years of marriage, in a landmark decision that activists hope will lead to greater protections for women in China.

官方译文：中国一个离婚法庭判决丈夫向妻子支付5万元人民币，作为她在五年婚姻中做家务的补偿。维权人士希望这一具有里程碑意义的判决能使女性在中国获得更多保护。

1. in compensation for：补偿；赔偿。例如：She was awarded £ 5,000 in compensation for unfair dismissal. 她获判5000英镑，作为遭到无理解雇的补偿。

2. performed：做。和housework搭配表示做家务。

3. a landmark decision：意义重大的判决，具有里程碑意义的判决。注意，decision在这里指判决。如经济学人这句：so far, the court has given no reason for its decision.至今为止，法院对它判决都没有任何解释。

第二段：The court in Beijing said this week that the husband was obligated to compensate his wife because housework carries “intangible property value” and should be considered an asset, according to Chinese news reports.

官方译文：据中国的新闻媒体报道，这家位于北京的法院本周表示，丈夫有义务对妻子进行补偿，因为家务劳动有“无形的财产价值”，应被视为一项资产。

1. be obligated美[ˈɑːblɪɡeɪtɪd] to do：有义务做某事；有责任做某事；必须……。如华尔街日报例句：But the Chinese workers are obligated to stay with the fisheries for three years as part of the trainee program. 但根据研修项目要求，这些中国工人要在渔场做满三年。

2. compensate美[ˈkɑːmpenseɪt]：v. 补偿；弥补；给(某人)赔偿(或赔款)。

3. carries：v. 承载。如金融时报例句：The phrase carries too much baggage. 这个词承载了太多的涵义。

第三段：The decision comes amid global debate about whether societies should do more to recognize and compensate women for work they perform at home. Studies show that in many countries, women shoulder a disproportionate burden of household labor, hindering their ambitions and career opportunities.

官方译文：做出这一判决之际，全球正在就女性从事家务劳动是否应该获得更多社会承认与补偿展开辩论。研究表明，在许多国家，女性承担着不成比例的家务劳动，这妨碍了她们的志向和职业机会。

1. amid：在……之际；在……的时候。比如经济学人例句：But then, amid the turmoil, Nur finds solace writing poetry: odes to his homeland and his lost love. 然而在一片混乱之际，努尔在写诗中找到了安慰：讴歌他的家乡和他失去的爱情。

2. shoulder：v. 承担，担负。如 shoulder the responsibility 承担责任。

3. disproportionate burden：重担；重负。如例句：A vastly disproportionate burden falls on women for child care. 照料孩子的重担落在了女性身上。

第四段：While some commentators in China hailed the case as a breakthrough, many people said the compensation was inadequate, noting that full-time nannies in China earn far more.

官方译文：虽然中国的一些评论人士称赞此案是一个突破，但很多人认为赔偿金额太少，指出全职保姆的收入比这个数字高得多。

1. hailed ... as ...：v. 赞颂/称赞……为……。如经济学人例句：Camille Paglia hails her as the biggest step forward for feminism since Madonna. 卡米拉·帕格利亚（Camille Paglia）称赞她为自麦当娜以来女权主义的最大进步。

2. nannies美[ˈnæniz]：n. (受雇照看小孩的)保姆，阿姨。 

第五段：“This is so unfair to women,” wrote one user on Weibo, a microblogging site. A hashtag about the case had been viewed more than 570 million times as of late Wednesday.

官方译文：“这对女性也太不公平了，”一位微博用户写道。截至周三晚间，有关此案的话题标签已被浏览超过5.7亿次。

1. hashtag：推文话题(推特网上用前带#号的字词表示推文的话题)。

2. case：诉讼事件；案件。

3. viewed ... times：表示浏览量。比如金融时报这句：The advert was made for television but was also viewed millions of times on YouTube. 这则广告本是为电视制作的，但它在youtube上的浏览量已达数百万次。

4. as of+时间，表示截至。如金融时报例句：As of midday yesterday in the US, the bank was unable to respond to this request. 截至美国时间昨日午间，该行仍未就这一提问做出回应。

第六段：“Let’s see who dares be a housewife,” said another.

官方译文：“以后谁还敢做全职太太，”另一个人说。

第七段：Women perform an average of two hours and six minutes of housework each day in China, according to the National Bureau of Statistics, compared with 45 minutes for men.

官方译文：根据国家统计局的数据，在中国，女性平均每天做家务的时间为2小时6分钟，而男性为45分钟。

1. National Bureau of Statistics：国家统计局，简称NBS。

2. compared with：而，表示对比。如经济学人例句：Almost all women and children were eating green vegetables three times a week, compared with only a third beforehand. 几乎所有妇女和儿童一周都能吃上三次新鲜绿色蔬菜，而之前只有三分之一。

第八段：Chinese women, who have long endured discrimination at home and in the workplace, have pushed in recent years for better wages and fairer treatment. Activists have led campaigns against domestic violence, and a small #MeToo movement has spread in the country.

官方译文：中国女性在家庭和职场长期遭受歧视，近年来她们一直在争取更高的工资和更为公平的待遇。活动人士领导了反对家暴的运动，一个规模较小的“#我也是”(#MeToo)运动在全国蔓延开来。

1. endured：v. 忍耐，忍受，经受，遭受。

2. push for：急切、强烈地要求；为……奋力争取。如金融时报例句：Once you are back in the frame and have demonstrated your value, you are likely to be able to push for more flexibility in your role. 一旦你回到职场并在此前表明了自己的价值，很可能你就可以努力为自己的角色争取更大的灵活性。

3. campaigns against：反……的活动/运动/行动等。

第九段：The legal system has become a focus of many complaints, because regulations make it difficult for women to obtain divorces and protect assets.

官方译文：司法制度已成为许多投诉的焦点，因为各种法规使得女性很难离婚和保护财产。

1. become a focus of：成为……的焦点。如金融时报这句：The weak dollar has also become a focus of attention. 美元疲软也成为了一个关注的焦点。

2. obtain divorces：离婚。

第十段：The Chinese government has offered some policies aimed at better protecting women’s rights, including a 2016 law against domestic violence. But enforcement of many such laws remains inconsistent.

官方译文：为了更好地保护妇女权益，中国政府出台了一些政策，包括2016年禁止家庭暴力的法律。但许多此类法律的执行情况并不一致。

1. offer和policies搭配，是“出台”的意思。

2. against：禁止；反对。例如the fight against terrorism反对恐怖主义的斗争。

3. enforcement：实施；执行。动词是enforce。

4. inconsistent 美[ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənt]：adj. 不一致；相矛盾。如金融时报例句：Appealing for a European response and then announcing unilateral German measures made her look inconsistent - to put it politely. 她先是呼吁欧洲协同应对危机，接着宣布德国单独采取行动。客气地说，这让她看起来前后很不一致。

第十一段：The decision by the Beijing court followed new rules put in place this year that allow people in divorce cases to seek compensation for time spent performing chores and raising children.

官方译文：北京的这家法院做出这一判决之前，今年中国出台了新规定，允许离婚案件中的当事人就做家务和抚养孩子所花费的时间要求赔偿。

1. followed：v. 接着……发生；在……后发生。比如金融时报例句：The move followed a warning from the French embassy on Monday to its nationals to leave Tokyo, citing concerns about further earthquakes. 中方采取上述举措之前，法国使馆在周一发出警告，要求法国国民飞离东京，称担心会发生更多地震。

2. put in place：出台；实施；推出；落实。比如金融时报上这句：He believes the market was caught by surprise by the authorities' reversal of some of the loose monetary policies put in place last year. 他认为，政府取消某些去年出台的宽松货币政策曾令市场感到意外。

3. seek compensation for：为……寻求赔偿。

4. performing chores：做家务。

第十二段：The couple married in 2015. The divorce was initiated last year by the husband, who was identified only by a surname, Chen, according to news reports. The wife, whose last name is Wang, had been taking care of the couple’s son after she and her husband started living apart in 2018.

官方译文：这对夫妇于2015年结婚。据报道，去年该案当事人陈姓男子向法院提出离婚。妻子王女士自2018年与丈夫分居后一直照顾他们的儿子。

1. initiated：v. 提出；发起。

2. identified：v. 说明身份；透露姓名。比如金融时报上这句："We were completely shocked, " said the witness, who declined to be identified by name.这位拒绝透露姓名的目击者表示：“我们十分震惊。”

3. live apart：（夫妻）分居。

第十三段：Ms. Wang requested that the couple’s assets be equally divided and argued that she should be compensated for housework and child care, since she said her husband did not perform those duties, according to news reports. The case is now undergoing appeal, though it is unclear which party initiated the appeal.

官方译文：据报道，王女士要求平分财产，并提出她应该获得做家务和照顾孩子的补偿，因为丈夫没有履行这些职责。此案目前正在上诉中，但尚不清楚是哪一方提起的上诉。

1. requested that the couple’s assets be equally divided是特殊的虚拟语气，request that+从句，从句的should可以省略，即requested that the couple’s assets (should) be equally divided。

2. perform duties：履行职责；负担义务。如：She performed all her duties conscientiously. 她认真负责地履行自己的所有职责。

3. undergo appeal：上诉中。undergo表示经历。

4. party：当事人，一方。

第十四段：Advocates of gender equality in China said the decision affirmed the vital role women play in managing households. But they said it remained to be seen whether the decision will lead to broader changes in how women are treated in China.

官方译文：中国的男女平等倡导人士表示，该判决肯定了女性在管理家庭方面所起的重要作用。但他们表示，这个判决是否会带来中国对待女性的方式发生更广泛的变化，还有待观察。

1. gender equality：男女平等；性别平等。

2. it remained to be seen ...：……还有待观察；……尚未见分晓。如路透社例句：Even if the expected economic recovery materializes, it remains to be seen whether demand would be able to return to pre-crisis levels. 就算实现预期中的经济复苏，需求能否回到危机前的水准仍有待观察。

第十五段：“It acknowledges her housework to a certain degree and its economic value,” said Joy Lin, a Chinese activist who promotes gender equality. “But the compensation is not on par with what she should get and how she should be valued.”

官方译文：“你的家务劳动是得到了一定的肯定，经济价值得到了一定的肯定，”倡导性别平等的中国活动人士乔伊·林(Joy Lin)说。“但是赔偿并不是和她应该得到的、应该被评估的价值相当的。”

1. acknowledges：v. 认可，肯定。如金融时报上这句：For the shorter term, anyway, some acknowledge the corporate rationale. 但就短期而言，一些人是认可企业这种逻辑的。

2. on par with：与……同等水平；与……平分秋色；与……一样；与……比肩。在双语完整版：“人人影视字幕组”，凉了 | 经济学人精读中我们提到了一个on a par with，这两个短语的意思一样，复习一下：

In one of them, Yan Feng of Fudan University in Shanghai said the subtitling effort had been one of Chinese history’s great translation projects, on a par with a drive to render Western literature into Chinese in the 19th century.

在其中一个帖子里，复旦大学教授严锋表示，字幕翻译是中国历史上一项伟大的翻译活动，可与19世纪人们将西方文学翻译成中文的运动比肩。