2018.6.25纽约时报：华裔男性吸烟率高居不下，纽约推出中文禁烟广告

New York Confronts Rampant Smoking Among Chinese Men

华裔男性吸烟率高居不下，纽约推出中文禁烟广告

Reflecting a global trend, Chinese men in New York City smoke at much higher rates than men or women in any other ethnic group — and deaths from lung cancer among them have soared.

与其他任何族裔的男性女性相比，纽约市的华裔男性有着更高的吸烟率——肺癌死亡人数也在飙升，这反映了一种全球趋势。

As a result, the city’s health department launched a public service ad campaign this month aimed specifically at Chinese men.

因此，纽约卫生部门本月发布了一条专门针对华裔男性的公益广告。

In its video, various men pose with their children, or in the arms of wives or girlfriends. Then, slowly, the men fade away into wisps of gray smoke.

视频中，各个男士或者与子女站在一起，或是与妻子、女友相拥。然后，他们慢慢地化成一缕灰烟消失。

“Every cigarette puff reduces your years shared with your loved ones,” the announcer says in Mandarin. “Stop wasting your precious life, and quit smoking now.”

“每多吸一口烟，你就越快消失在亲人面前，”旁白用普通话说道。“别让你宝贵的生命在烟雾中消逝，立刻戒烟。”

Lung cancer deaths among Asian men in the city have increased 70 percent in the last 15 years, and smoking rates among them have risen even as they have declined among other ethnic groups, the health department said.

卫生部门表示，在过去15年中，纽约市亚裔男性肺癌死亡人数增加了70%，即使其他族裔的吸烟率已经下降，亚裔男性的吸烟率仍在上升。

A department study of the health of Asian New Yorkers released in March found that 23 percent of local Asians smoked, versus 18 percent of whites, 17 percent of Hispanics and 14 percent of blacks.

今年3月发布的一份关于纽约亚裔健康状况的研究报告发现，当地有23%的亚裔吸烟，相比之下，白人为18%，西班牙裔17%，黑人14%。

But breakdowns by ethnicity and sex tell a more complex story. Korean and Chinese people smoke at higher rates than average, while South Asians and Filipinos smoke less often. At 27 percent, Chinese men are the city’s heaviest smokers, while only 4 percent of Asian women smoke.

但根据族裔和性别进行分析可以说明更为复杂的情况。韩国人和中国人的吸烟率高于平均水平，南亚和菲律宾人则较少吸烟。吸烟率为27%的华裔男性是纽约市吸烟最为严重的群体，而亚洲女性只有4%的人吸烟。

Two factors push up smoking rates among Chinese men in New York, said Regina F. Lee, who chairs the Asian-American Smoke-Free Community Partnership.

“亚裔美国人无烟社区伙伴计划”(Asian-American Smoke-Free Community Partnership)的主席李凤仪表示，纽约华裔男性吸烟率高，由两个因素推动。

Cultural norms from China persist in the city because many Chinese residents are foreign-born, she said: “Sixty percent of men there smoke, while there is a stigma to women smoking.”

由于许多华裔居民在外国出生，来自中国的文化规范在纽约仍在延续，她说：“在中国，60%的男性吸烟，女性吸烟则是一种耻辱。”

Also, it has long been hard for Chinese-speakers to get the help the city offers to smokers, including free nicotine patches and gum. Anyone calling the quit-smoking hotline usually got an English-speaker and had to wait while a translator was found.

此外，说中文的人长期以来也难以获得纽约市为吸烟者提供的帮助，包括免费的尼古丁贴片和戒烟口香糖。拨打戒烟热线电话的人通常会接通一位讲英语的接线员，然后必须等接线员找到一位翻译。

“So we were delighted when the health department proposed this,” Ms. Lee said.

“因此当卫生部门提出这一点时我们非常高兴，”李凤仪说。

The hotline mentioned in the ad (1-800-838-8917) is part of the national Asian Smokers’ Quitline, which is funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and offers help in Mandarin, Cantonese, Korean and Vietnamese.

广告中提及的热线电话(1-800-838-8917)是全国亚裔烟民戒烟热线的一个分支，由疾病控制与预防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)资助，提供普通话、粤语、韩语及越南语帮助。

A 2015 study published in the Lancet found that Chinese men smoke a third of all the cigarettes in the world, and that by the year 2050, three million of them will die each year of smoking-related causes.

《柳叶刀》(Lancet)杂志2015年发表的一项研究发现，中国男性吸了全世界三分之一的烟，并且到2050年，每年因吸烟引发疾病死亡的人数将达到300万人。

In New York, recent antismoking ads in English and Spanish have been much grimmer, showing people dying in misery or with amputated fingers.

最近，纽约的英语和西班牙语禁烟广告已变得更加令人生畏，展示了死于痛苦或手指截肢的人们。

“The health department did focus groups and decided to start with a slightly softer approach,” Ms. Lee said. “No one knows how the community will react.”

“卫生部门进行了焦点会谈并决定用比较柔和的方法着手，”李凤仪说。“没人知道社区会如何反应。”