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经济学人精读:“人人影视字幕组”凉了 | 双语
文章来源:高斋外刊双语精读 发布时间:2021-05-10 18:05 作者:雒老师Joy 点击:

人人影视字幕组14人被抓,涉案金额超1600万!网友炸了!

我看了一下,2.19经济学人上有一篇文章恰好就讲到了这个话题,这篇文章的标题叫作China’s campaign against film piracy is upsetting Hollywood fans。against film piracy就是打击盗版电影的意思了~

再来看一下副标题,The end is nigh for online “translation groups” that make bootleg Western films accessible to millions,这句知识点还蛮多的。

先看句子结构,这句主干是The end is nigh for online “translation groups”;that引导的定语从句修饰online “translation groups”;

nigh美[naɪ]这个词本意是“即将发生;接近地”,be nigh意思就是“不远;已近;即将到来”。

The end is nigh指末日不远了,快凉了。例如:The end of the world may be nigh, but do we really care?世界末日可能不远了,但我们真的在意吗?

bootleg美[ˈbuːtleɡ],在这里是形容词,表示非法制造贩卖的,比如a bootleg cassette 非法录制的盒式磁带。

接下来我们看看全文,做了大概的单词解析和难点解析,在公众号“高斋外刊双语精读”上分享给大家看看。英文是完整版的,不过有一句不适合发这里,就删掉了。时间仓促,有不足之处,大家多包涵!

01

 

第一段:For a generation of young Chinese, American television shows like “The Big Bang Theory”, “Breaking Bad” and “Sex and the City” were their first taste of life in the West. Growing up with limited English inside China’s “great firewall”, millions of them watched pirated versions online, with the help of subtitles produced by volunteers. Many of the translators were Chinese students, both in China and at universities abroad. They provided their skills for little reward, except the glory of an on-screen credit, to streaming services that allowed free access or offered super-cheap subscriptions. Being accepted into such firms’ “translation groups” was a badge of distinction. Standards were high and competition for membership was fierce. It will not be in future, however.

高斋参考译文:对中国年轻一代来说,《生活大爆炸》《绝命毒师》和《欲望都市》等美国电视剧让他们第一次接触到西方生活。在中国的“防火长城”内,数百万年轻一代从小就没接触到多少英语影视作品,他们借助志愿者制作的字幕在网上观看盗版视频。许多字幕翻译人员都是来自国内和国外大学的中国学生。他们向那些允许用户免费观看或提供超低价订阅服务的流媒体服务公司提供翻译,除屏幕上的署名权带来的荣誉外,几乎没什么报酬。获准加入这类公司的“翻译组”是一种优秀的表现。加入字幕组要求很高,竞争激烈。不过,以后不会了。

1. one’s first taste of:表示第一次……;初次接触到;第一次体验。比如金融时报上这句:

It was his first taste of media intrusion as a scrum of photographers camped outside his house.

看着一大群摄影记者在他家外面安营扎寨,这是他第一次体会到媒体侵扰的感觉。

2. 固定搭配:growing up with sth表示伴随着……长大,在……环境中长大。也可以说growing up doing,在年轻人,你愿意背负沉重的房贷吗?| 外刊精读和英语写作中我们提到了高斋CATTI冲刺班第9期19年11月CATTI二笔真题,其中就有这么一句:

作为看漫画长大的80后一代,热爱传统民居建筑的毛葛想到了通过漫画形式向人们介绍传统民居,希望让更多人看到传统民居建筑的美并加入到保护传统民居的行列,引起更多人尤其是年轻人对这一学科的兴趣。

这句话中的“看漫画长大”就可以用grew up reading comics来表示。

3. growing up是状语

4. limited English这里其实可以具体指英语影视作品有限。

5. “great firewall”翻译为“防火长城”。如新华网报道:美媒称防火长城助中国互联网繁荣。

6. 固定表达:pirated versions表示“盗版”。

7. subtitles:表示“字幕”,通常用复数。

8. 第四句句子结构分析:这句主干是They provided their skills for little reward to streaming services;except the glory of an on-screen credit是对little reward的补充说明,是插入语;that allowed free access or offered super-cheap subscriptions是streaming services的定语从句。

9. 固定表达:an on-screen credit是固定表达,指的是“字幕中的署名权”。它和a screen credit是一个意思,比如词典上这句:

They got a small piece of the net profits and a screen credit.

他们得到了一小部分纯利润以及电影演职人员字幕中的署名权。

10. 熟词偏义:allowed在这里是熟词偏义,表示“使成为可能”,可以和access搭配。这些熟词偏义在外刊精读翻译班 | 第2期(3月8日开课):拼团只需329元,适合CATTI、MTI翻硕和考研英语备考里见过很多

柯林斯词典上就有类似的例句:

A ramp allows easy access for wheelchairs.

坡道便于轮椅进出。

今天这里allow free access其实是省去了不言而喻的for users,所以翻译为允许用户免费观看。

11. a badge of:badge美[bædʒ]本意是勋章,标志,象征,a badge of表示是……的标志/象征/代名词。如经济学人例句:

In a land where intellectuals are still cherished, publishing a book is a badge of seriousness.

在一个知识分子仍受敬重的国家,出版一本书籍则是一种严肃性的象征。

12. It will not be in future, however:这句是承前启后的句子。前一句说要加入字幕组要求高,竞争激烈,这句说It will not be in future,下面段落肯定就会说为什么It will not be in future,具体就会谈到这个字幕组被关。

02

 

第二段:On February 3rd 14 people from China’s largest such streaming firm, Renren Yingshi (meaning “everyone’s movies and shows”), were arrested in Shanghai for alleged copyright infringements. Since then, many other such outfits have gone underground or disbanded. For many internet users, this has been a sad moment. On social media they bade farewell to what they described as something irreplaceable: entertainment free of the dead hand of China’s censors, and with far more accurate subtitles than most officially approved content.

高斋参考译文:2月3日,中国此类流媒体公司的龙头人人影视(意为“分享给所有人的电影和节目”)有14人因涉嫌侵犯著作权在上海被捕。之后,许多其他同类公司已经转入地下或是解散。对许多用户来说,这真是一个悲伤的时刻。在社交媒体上,他们向自己口中不可替代的东西道了别:人人影视字幕组提供的影视作品没有经过中国审查机构的严苛审查,而且字幕翻译也比大多数官方审查后的影视作品更精准。

1. arrest sb for表示因……逮捕某人。被动是sb. be arrested for,for表示原因。

2. alleged美[əˈledʒd]:adj. 表示“涉嫌的”。如the alleged bribe涉嫌贿赂。再比如华尔街日报这句:

Having arrested its captain for alleged obstruction of official duties, Japan says it is handling his case according to its domestic law.

在以涉嫌妨碍公务为由抓捕了中国渔船船长后,日本方面表示,要遵照日本国内法处理此案。

3. 熟词偏义outfits和前面的services一样,都表示公司。

4. 固定表达:bade farewell to意思是“告别;道别”。

图片5. entertainment这里指娱乐节目,影视作品

6. free of ... 表示“免于……;没有……”。

7. 语法分析:entertainment free of the dead hand of China’s censors, and with far more accurate subtitles than most officially approved content是解释what they described as something irreplaceable的;what they described as something irreplaceable是what引导的名词性从句,作bade farewell to的宾语。

8. 易错点:注意,free of the dead hand of China’s censors与with far more accurate subtitles than most officially approved content并列,都是在修饰entertainment。

一般如果官方引进电影,都会进行审查或删减,但是人人影视字幕组上的影视作品没有进行删减,而且我们都知道人人影视字幕组的一些字幕翻译确实堪称神翻译,比大多数官方审查后的影视作品的字幕翻译要好。

03

 

第三段:Demand for Renren Yingshi’s offerings was fuelled by tight supply. China is one of four regions without Netflix: the others are North Korea, Syria and Crimea. Even though it is one of the fastest growing film markets, China approves only a few foreign films for screening in cinemas each year. It is possible to watch some foreign shows on officially approved streaming sites. But they are heavily censored—so much so in the case of “Game of Thrones” that the plot is hard to follow. Such restrictions helped to turn translation-group services into big operations. Police in Shanghai said Renren Yingshi had produced more than 20,000 television shows for its 8m registered users.

高斋参考译文:国外影视作品在国内供应不足,人们对人人影视上作品的需求得到了提振。中国是世界上禁用Netflix的四个国家之一,其他三个分别是朝鲜、叙利亚和克里米亚。尽管中国是增长最快的电影市场之一,但它每年只批准少数几部外国电影在电影院放映。当然还可以在官方认可的流媒体网站上观看一些外国电影。但这些影片的内容往往被大量删减,拿《权力的游戏》来说,情节删减太多导致观众很难看懂。诸如此类的限制推动字幕组翻译服务变成了大型业务。上海警方表示,人人影视已经为其800万注册用户制作了2万多部影视作品。

1. offerings在这里表示“剧作;作品”。比如经济学人这句:

Alfa brought over seven cars from its museum in Milan, but none of its current offerings.

阿尔法从他在米兰的博物馆带来了七件珍藏,但却没有展出其现在的作品。

2. screening的动词原形是screen,在这里表示“放映(电影)等”。举个例子:

The movie had been panned by critics; at a recent public screening in the New York area, the crowd booed at the end.

影评人士对这部影片嗤之以鼻,不久前在纽约地区公开放映时,观众最后嘘声一片。

图片3. are heavily censored:被大量删减。censored在这是被删减的意思。 

4. 语法分析:But they are heavily censored—so much so in the case of “Game of Thrones” that the plot is hard to follow这部分,so much so ... that是一起的;in the case of表示举例。

5. the plot:情节。

6. translation-group services:字幕组翻译服务。这里services不是公司,而是服务。

7. big operations:大业务。怎么“大”?下一句中的数字more than 20,000 television shows for its 8m registered users就可以说明业务之大。

04

 

第四段:Renren Yingshi’s popularity is evident in the debate that still surrounds it on Weibo, a Twitter-like platform. Posts with hashtags relating to the clampdown have garnered more than a billion views. In one of them, Yan Feng of Fudan University in Shanghai said the subtitling effort had been one of Chinese history’s great translation projects, on a par with a drive to render Western literature into Chinese in the 19th century. Uncensored foreign films and shows will remain accessible to Chinese viewers with foreign-language skills and software that can scale the great firewall. But most people are unlikely to try. Netizens have been sharing the poetic Chinese term, lindong jiangzhi. It is one that subtitling enthusiasts have used to translate a phrase made famous by “Game of Thrones”: winter is coming.

高斋参考译文:人人影视的受欢迎度在微博上围绕它展开的争论中可见一斑。封禁人人影视相关话题的帖子浏览量已经超过了10亿。在其中一个帖子里,复旦大学教授严锋表示,字幕翻译是中国历史上一项伟大的翻译活动,可与19世纪人们将西方文学翻译成中文的运动比肩。中国观众仍然可以观看未经审查的外国电影和节目,但得懂外语,还得有fanq软件。但大多数人可能不太会去尝试。许多网友都在分享一个充满诗意的中国词语:“凛冬将至”。字幕爱好者曾用它来翻译《权力的游戏》中的一个短语“winter is coming”,这个短语也因此剧成名。 

1. clampdown美[ˈklæmpdaʊn]:n. 严禁,制止,取缔(非法活动)。

2. garnered美[ˈɡɑːrnərd]:原形是garner,表示“获得;得到;收集”。 

我们经常说话题阅读量或话题浏览量,英语该怎么说呢?其实有很多种说法,最常见的就是view当动词,即be viewed ... times。

view也可以当名词,views表示浏览量,常见搭配是accumulate/log/attract/gain+数字+views,比如这段对《哪吒》的介绍:

"Ne Zha" fever quickly spread on social media following its release, with the film's title soon becoming one of the hottest hashtags on China's Twitter-like Weibo on the opening day, accumulating/logging more than 1.5 billion views and around a million posts. 

《哪吒》上映后迅速在社交媒体上走红,上映当天很快成为微博热门话题,话题阅读量超15亿,相关帖子约100万。

浏览量还可以用今天这个garner+数字+views表示。

3. 固定搭配:on a par with意思是与……相当,与……一样,与……比肩,与……相媲美。比如金融时报这句:

An economy that in the 1960s had a per capita income on a par with sub-Saharan Africa is now snapping at the heels of Britain and France.

一个在上世纪60年代人均收入还与撒哈拉以南非洲不相上下的国家,如今已经紧随英国与法国之后。

4. a drive to do sth:drive在这里是名词,表示有组织的努力,运动。如the government's drive to reduce energy consumption政府为减少能源消耗而发起的运动。将西学翻译为中文我们一般称之为“翻译运动”。

5. 一词多义:render sth into意思是将……译成某种语言。

6. Chinese viewers with foreign-language skills and software ...这部分,with修饰的是viewers,表示具备,有。

7. 熟词偏义:scale在这里是动词,表示翻过,翻越。scale the great firewall简单来说就是我们平时所说的“翻qiang”。

8. 最后一句句子结构分析:It is one that subtitling enthusiasts have used to translate a phrase made famous by “Game of Thrones”: winter is coming这句中,It is one that不是强调句型,强调句型去掉It is that不影响句意,但这里不行。

这里it指lindong jiangzhi,that引导的是定语从句,修饰的是one,指的是term。

9. 凛冬将至:英语Winter Is Coming,是电视剧《权力的游戏》第一季第一集,同时也是北方史塔克家族(House Stark of Winterfell)的家族族语

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