高考顶替案，可能“只是冰山一角”？_高斋_专注CATTI翻译考试与翻译硕士MTI考研及各类英语考试的知识性学习平台

高考顶替案，可能“只是冰山一角”？

文章来源：高斋外刊双语精读发布时间：2020-07-17 16:25 作者：admin 点击：次

陈春秀事件让高考顶替得到全国关注，今天公众号“高斋外刊双语精读”带大家一起来看看经济学人对这一事件的报道，内容有点长，大家耐心看哈，下篇发短的：

经济学人原文：CHEN CHUNXIU was applying to join an adult-education programme when she discovered, to her surprise, that she already had a degree. The 36-year-old kindergarten teacher from Shandong province had left formal education in 2004 after taking the gaokao, China’s fearsome university-entrance exam. Though she had attained a respectable score, she had failed to secure a place. When, this year, she asked Shandong University of Technology to explain why its records listed her as an alumnus, the answer was a shock. The university concluded that another young woman with the same surname but much lower grades had connived with teachers and local officials to obtain the college-acceptance notice that should have been sent to Ms Chen. This woman had assumed Ms Chen’s identity and earned a degree, which she then used to bag a job as a civil servant. Reporting of Ms Chen’s story has caused a furore ahead of this year’s gaokao, which will take place on July 7th and 8th (it was postponed by a month because of the pandemic). One newspaper reported that a review of student records in Shandong had found more than 240 cases of impersonation at 14 universities. In late June an editorial in China Daily, a state-run newspaper, warned that the frauds revealed in Shandong could be “only the tip of an iceberg” and that there may be many more cases elsewhere.

高斋参考译文：陈春秀在申请成人教育课程时，惊讶地发现自己已经取得了学位。36岁的幼师陈春秀来自山东省，2004年参加的高考（中国大学入学考试，竞争异常激烈），之后再没接受过任何正规教育。当时她虽然高考分数还不错，但最终没被录取。今年当她要求山东理工大学给她一个解释，为什么自己在毕业生名单之列时，结果令人震惊。校方给出的结论是，当年有另一名与她同姓但分数低得多的女子与教师和*串通，拿走了本该寄给她的录取通知书。这位同姓女子冒用陈春秀的身份获得了学位，最后凭借该学位得到了一份公务员的工作。有关陈春秀事件的报道在高考前（今年高考因新冠肺炎推迟一个月，将于7月7日、8日举行）引起了公愤。据一家报纸报道，山东省在学生档案清查过程中共发现240多起冒名顶替事件，涉14所高校。六月下旬官媒《中国日报》在一条社评中警告称：山东高考顶替案可能“只是冰山一角”，其它地方或许还有更多类似案件。

第一、二句：CHEN CHUNXIU was applying to join an adult-education programme when she discovered, to her surprise, that she already had a degree. The 36-year-old kindergarten teacher from Shandong province had left formal education in 2004 after taking the gaokao, China’s fearsome university-entrance exam.

陈春秀在申请成人教育课程时，惊讶地发现自己已经取得了学位。36岁的幼师陈春秀来自山东省，2004年参加的高考（中国大学入学考试，竞争异常激烈），之后再没接受过任何正规教育。

1. 句子结构分析：第一句主干是CHEN CHUNXIU was applying to join an adult-education programme；when引导时间状语从句，that she already had a degree是discovered的宾语从句；

第二句主干是The 36-year-old kindergarten teacher had left formal education；after引导时间状语从句；China’s fearsome university-entrance exam是gaokao的同位语。

2. 同义表达：programme在这里不是“项目；计划”的意思，它表示“课程”，如词典里这句：

Teachers are piloting a literature-based reading programme.

老师们正在试开一门以文学为基础的阅读课程。

如果你申请国外的学校或课程，就可以用apply for a program，如oaucdl学校官网上这个：

After applying for a programme, you need to keep checking the website for relevant information pertaining to your application. Depending on the programme you applied for, check to see if you may be required to meet additional requirements such taking entrance examination , attending an interview or audition/screening before admission can be issued.

所以applying to join an adult-education programme其实也可以直接说apppying for an adult-education programme；

这部分还可以有其它表达，我们看看其他新闻是怎么报道的：

A. Tellerreport报道：

The Beijing News reported earlier that Chen Chunxiu of Shandong Guanxian County intends to enroll in an adult education school 16 years after he fell out of the college entrance examination.

B. Asiaone报道：Chen discovered the identity theft when she was filling in forms for an adult education school on May 21.

Programme是CATTI和MTI翻译考试中高频词汇，大家觉得高斋CATTI冲刺班中这句的programme是什么意思呢？

In 2009, Time magazine hailed School of One, an online math program piloted at three New York City public schools, as one of the year’s 50 best innovations. （2019年6月二笔实务真题）

3. 高频句型：CHEN CHUNXIU was applying to join an adult-education programme when she discovered, to her surprise, that she already had a degree是sb be doing sth when sb did sth句型，表示某人在干某事，突然或这时……，常常引出令人惊讶或震惊的事情。

如“我正在吃饭，他突然进来了”就可以说：

I was having dinner at a restaurant when he came in.

4. 同义表达：to one’s surprise是固定搭配，表示“出乎某人的意料；令某人吃惊的是”。to her surprise也可以说to her shock，如bbc报道：

But 16 years later, she found to her shock that she had, in fact, earned a place at the Shandong University of Technology - and enrolled there.

原文的when she discovered, to her surprise, that，“to her surprise”作插入语，用逗号隔开有强调的意味，when she discovered, to her surprise, that也可以改为when she found to her shock that。

5. 同义表达：the gaokao, China’s fearsome university-entrance exam：fearsome本意是“可怕的，令人生畏的”，但是我们中文一般不说“可怕的高考”，这里实际上在形容高考竞争激烈，学生压力大。外刊中出现过多次类似描述高考的词，可以进行替换：

A. msn报道：Most Chinese students get into college by taking part in the annual college entrance exam called gaokao, known for being brutally competitive.

B. 经济学人：The zhongkao may not be as famous as the gaokao, theterrifying university entrance exam ...

C. businessinsider：Students across China are studying hard for the gaokao, the country’s notoriously tough national standardised test ...

第三句：Though she had attained a respectable score, she had failed to secure a place.

当时她虽然高考分数还不错，但最终没被录取。

1. respectable：respectable可以表示“体面的；得体的”，《东方快车谋杀案》中有一句是这么说的：

His body was like an iron cage, which looked majestic and respectable, but in the iron railing was a fierce beast.

他的身体好比一架铁笼子，处处显得威严体面，可是在那铁栏杆里的，却是一头凶猛可怕的野兽。

respectable也可以表示“好的，不错的，可观的”；

今天这里取第二层含义，attained a respectable score意思就是“分数不错；取得了不错的分数”。

attained也可以换为obtained。

2. 固定表达：fail to do见过太多次了，表示“未能做某事”，如下图经济学人例句：

3. 熟词偏义：secure a place中secure我们在经济学人精读 | 外卖需求激增，美国外卖公司市值飙升这篇中见过，表示获得：

Despite continuing to lose money, DoorDash recently secured a valuation of $16bn, up from $12.7bn in late 2019.

虽然DoorDash仍在亏损，但最近这家公司估值达到160亿美元，而2019年底为123亿美元。

但是今天这里的place是熟词偏义，表示“名额、求学机会、入学名额、录取名额”，英文解释an opportunity to take part in sth, especially to study at a school or university or on a course，所以earn/secure/be offered a place就表示被录取了，如词典例句：

She's been offered a place at Bath to study Business.

她已被录取到巴斯大学读商科。

secure也可以换为earn，还是bbc报道陈春秀的时候有这么一句话：

But 16 years later, she found to her shock that she had, in fact, earned a place at the Shandong University of Technology - and enrolled there.

第四句：When, this year, she asked Shandong University of Technology to explain why its records listed her as an alumnus, the answer was a shock.

今年当她要求山东理工大学给她一个解释，为什么自己在毕业生名单之列时，结果令人震惊。

1. records：这里指学校有关学生档案的记录。后面的student records就是学生档案。

2. list ... as ...：表示“将……列为；将……列入……名单”，bbc报道中也用到了这一表达：

Entering her details in an official government website, Ms Chen found that it listed her as having enrolled and entered university in 2004 and graduated in 2007.

其被动形式是be listed as，如金融时报例句：

Although I was listed as an attendee, I have to dissociate myself from the views expressed.

虽然我也在与会者之列，但我不得不说，我本人并不赞同这些观点。

listed her as an alumnus意思就是“将她列入校友名单/毕业生名单”。

第五句：The university concluded that another young woman with the same surname but much lower grades had connived with teachers and local officials to obtain the college-acceptance notice that should have been sent to Ms Chen.

校方给出的结论是，当年有另一名与她同姓但分数低得多的女子与教师和*串通，拿走了本该寄给她的录取通知书。

1. 句子结构分析：句子主干是The university concluded that，that引导concluded的宾语从句；宾语从句的主干是another young woman had connived with teachers；to obtain the college-acceptance notice表示目的；that should have been sent to Ms Chen是notice的定语从句。

with the same surname but much lower grades中much lower grades也是with后面的，也就是with the same surname but with much lower grades，但是避免重复，只用一个哈，其实but就是连词。

2. 固定表达：connived美[kəˈnaɪvd] with：与……串通；密谋。

connive还可以表示“默许；纵容”，通常与介词in或者at搭配，如connive at cyberattacks 纵容网络攻击。

3. surname：姓，也可以说family name，last name。“名”可以说personal name，first name，也可以直接说name。

call one’s names表示“辱骂某人”。

4. the college-acceptance notice：大学录取通知书，也可以说the university admission notice.

5. 语法分析：should have been是虚拟语气，表示“本应该”之意，举个金融时报上的例子：

Graduating from college should have been the happiest day of my life.

大学毕业那天本应是我人生中最快乐的一天。

第六句：This woman had assumed Ms Chen’s identity and earned a degree, which she then used to bag a job as a civil servant.

这位同性女子冒用陈春秀的身份获得了学位，最后凭借该学位得到了一份公务员的工作。

1. 同义表达：assume sb’s identity表示冒用某人的身份，顶替某人的身份。assume可以换为stole，即This woman had stolen Ms Chen’s identity，如msn报道：

But in May 2020, Chen discovered that she actually did score high enough to attend a college but someone stole her identity.

还可以用名词性短语“identity theft”表示，意思是“身份盗窃”，比如msn这篇报道标题中就说到Identity theft robs a woman of college，其中rob sb of sth表示“夺走；剥夺某人应得之物”。

2. 熟词偏义：bag a job中的bag在这里作动词，表示“获得”，经济学人上有句话是这么说的：

Critics claim that the boomers have bagged too many benefits, and that their children and their grandchildren will end up paying for them.

评论家断言，婴儿潮一代享受了太多福利，他们的子孙后代最终将为其买单。

外媒报道《少年的你》，分享三个精彩表达 | 外刊双语中也见过bag作动词的用法，表示“获得奖项”，一起回忆一下：

Derek Tsang’s Better Days bagged eight prizes including best film and best director at this year’s Hong Kong Film Awards.

曾国祥（Derek Tsang）导演影片《少年的你》（Better Days）包揽2020年香港金像奖最佳影片、最佳导演等八项大奖。

第七句：Reporting of Ms Chen’s story has caused a furore ahead of this year’s gaokao, which will take place on July 7th and 8th (it was postponed by a month because of the pandemic).

有关陈春秀事件的报道在高考前（今年高考因新冠肺炎推迟一个月，将于7月7日、8日举行）引起了公愤。

1. Reporting of：对……的报道；关于……的报道，也可以说reports of，肯定不止一个报道。比如金融时报这句：

Reports of radiation in food and drinking water are especially corrosive to consumer sentiment.

有关食物和饮用水受到辐射的报道尤其影响消费者情绪。

2. 固定表达：caused a furore当作固定表达来记，表示“引起群情激愤；引发一场风波；引起了轰动”，来看经济学人例句：

Its announcement of ... caused a furore和今天这个Reporting of ... has caused a furore很像，可以当作固定句型来记。

furore指骚动，轰动，风波，群情激愤吗，还有另外一层含义，表示争议，争吵，之前在经济学人精读：水源吃紧，竟与“牛油果热潮”有关 | 考研英语外刊双语中就有见过，原句是这么说的：

A foretaste of controversies to come was a furore that arose last year over avocado-eating.

去年，“牛油果热潮”引发了一场争吵，我们可以预见，未来围绕牛油果的争议会纷至沓来。

3. 同义表达：which will take place on July 7th and 8th (it was postponed by a month because of the pandemic)其实也可以写为it was postponed by one month to July 7-8 due to the outbreak/epidemic.

Be postponed by...to... due to的用法在这篇经济学人精读：推迟奥运给日本带来多大损失？| 外刊双语文章中就见过：

The 2020 Olympics will be delayed about a year due to the coronavirus pandemic, officials announced Tuesday.

第八句：One newspaper reported that a review of student records in Shandong had found more than 240 cases of impersonation at 14 universities.

据一家报纸报道，山东省在学生档案清查过程中共发现240多起冒名顶替事件，涉14所高校。

1. a review of：它可以表示“回顾；审查”，在这里表示“审查；清查”，比如经济学人例句：

But he is calling for a review of Maine's groundwater laws.

但他正在呼吁对缅因州的地下水法进行重新审查。

2. impersonation 美[ˌɪmpərsəˈneɪʃən]：这个词可以表示“模仿；扮演”，也可以表示“冒名顶替，假冒身份”，它的动词形式是impersonate。比如金融时报上这句话：

On the web, anyone can impersonate an expert.

而在网上，任何人都可以把自己伪装成专家。

“假冒者；冒名顶替者”有一个单独的词imposter，来看bbc报道：

According to state news outlet Xinhua, the imposter's uncle is accused of getting help from a local admissions director, who was able to access Ms Chen's exam information.

3. more than 240 cases of impersonation at 14 universities是一起的，审查的学校有很多，不止14所，只是涉（及）14岁大学。

第九句：In late June an editorial in China Daily, a state-run newspaper, warned that the frauds revealed in Shandong could be “only the tip of an iceberg” and that there may be many more cases elsewhere.

六月下旬官媒《中国日报》在一条社评中警告称：山东高考顶替案可能“只是冰山一角”，其它地方或许还有更多类似案件。

1. 句子结构分析：主干是an editorial warned...

warn有两个宾语从句that the frauds revealed in Shandong could be “only the tip of an iceberg”和that there may be many more cases elsewhere。注意第二个that不能省去。

2. Editorial：社论

3. 翻译思维：主语转换法。an editorial warned的翻译注意哈。

4. Frauds：欺骗，顶替案。

5. 谚语：the tip of an iceberg表示“冰山一角”，来看经济学人这句：