19.6.2在第18届香格里拉对话会上的发言

Speech at the 18th Shangri-La Dialogue

中国国务委员兼国防部长 魏凤和上将

General Wei Fenghe, State Councilor and Minister of National Defense, PRC

2019年6月2日

2 June 2019

很高兴出席第18届香格里拉对话会。感谢伦敦国际战略研究所所长奇普曼博士的邀请，感谢新加坡政府和国防部的热情接待，对李显龙总理的精彩演讲表示祝贺。这是我作为国防部长第一次参加香会，我为交流互信而来，为合作和平而来。下面，我就中国与国际安全合作发言。

It gives me great pleasure to attend the 18th Shangri-la Dialogue. I would like to thank Dr. John Chipman for inviting me here and thank the Singapore government, the Ministry of Defense in particular, for the warm hospitality. I would also like to congratulate His Excellency Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong on his excellent keynote address the other day. This is my first attendance at the Shangri-la Dialogue as China’s defense minister. I am here for mutual confidence, cooperation and peace. I am glad to speak on China and International Security Cooperation.

一、人类社会正处在何去何从的十字路口，构建人类命运共同体是人间正道、大势所趋。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号高斋翻译学堂

I. Humanity is at a crossroad. Building a community with a shared future for mankind is the right path forward and the trend of the times.

当今世界正面临百年未有之大变局，不确定不稳定因素和挑战增多。习近平主席提出构建人类命运共同体理念大道至简，是世界人民和谐共处、有效解决全球性问题的正确选择，是实现世界和平安宁、人类繁荣发展的正确道路。我们注意到，昨天美方在大会发言中谈到了对地区事务的构想。我们认为，不管什么构想都应充分考虑地区国家的共同安全、共同利益，都不应带有军事同盟性质，都不能损害他国利益。对美方一些观点我们有不同看法，对美方无端指责坚决反对。下面，我谈几个问题与大家一起思考。

The world today is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century. Destabilizing, uncertain factors and challenges continue to rise. President Xi Jinping’s great vision of building a community with a shared future for mankind is the answer to harmonious coexistence of people across the world, the effective solution to global problems and the right path towards world peace and human progress. We take note that the US expounded on its perspective on regional affairs yesterday. We believe that any such perspective should take into account the common security and interests of regional countries. No approaches to regional issues should resort to military blocs, nor should they undermine the interests of others. We hold different views with the US side on several issues, and firmly oppose its wrong words and actions concerning Taiwan and the South China Sea. Now let’s think about the following questions:

（一）在和平发展与冲突对抗之间，我们应作出怎样的抉择？和平与发展是时代主题、历史潮流。现在，世界和地区热点问题此起彼伏，引发冲突乃至战争的风险始终存在。地区国家的战争冲突、恐怖主义泛滥、中东乱象、欧洲难民危机是如何造成的？是谁造成的？根源在哪里？值得大家共同反思。人为划分阵营、刻意制造对立、到处插手搅局、肆意干涉别国内政，甚至动辄诉诸武力的行径，到底是为了谁的利益？损害的又是谁的利益？微博@高斋翻硕 公众号高斋翻译学堂

First, which should we choose, peace and development or conflict and confrontation? Peace and development remain the call of our times and the trend of history. However, global and regional hotspots flare up one after another and the risk of conflict and war persists. What is the cause for regional wars and conflicts, the spread of terrorism, the chaos in the Middle East and the refugee crisis in Europe? Who are behind all these and what is the root cause? These are the questions to be reflected on. Some deliberately create division and hostility, provoke confrontation, meddle with regional affairs, interfere in internal affairs of others, and frequently resort to arms. Whose interests on earth do they serve and whose do they harm?

（二）在开放包容与封闭排他之间，我们应作出怎样的抉择？用开放包容的心态对待这个世界，到处都是朋友和伙伴；用狭隘排他的眼光看待这个世界，满眼都是敌人和对手，这就叫“预言的自我实现”。现在，逆全球化和保护主义抬头，有的国家大搞单边主义，只讲自我优先，不顾他人利益，不是毁约就是“退群”，我想大家都十分清楚，世界上受到伤害、制裁的事例还少吗？

Second, which should we choose, openness and inclusiveness or isolation and exclusiveness? See the world with an open and inclusive mind, and there will be friends and partners everywhere. See the world with a narrow and exclusive mind, and there are only enemies and adversaries. This is a self-fulfilling prophecy. However, lately we see a growing backlash against globalization and a surge of protectionism. A certain country champions unilateralism, puts its own interests before others, withdraws from international treaties and organizations. Aren’t there many countries suffering from the willful infringement and sanctions?

（三）在合作共赢与零和博弈之间，我们应作出怎样的抉择？合作共赢可以把蛋糕越做越大，大家都获得更多利益；零和博弈只能两败俱伤，双方利益都受到损害。中国提出的“一带一路”倡议，已有150多个国家和国际组织积极参与。前不久150个国家、92个国际组织共名6000多名代表，来华参加第二届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛。公理不言自明。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号高斋翻译学堂

Third, which should we choose, win-win cooperation or zero-sum game? Win-win cooperation makes the pie bigger and brings more benefits to all. However, zero-sum game makes no winner and harms the interests of both sides. Currently, over 150 countries and international organizations have proactively joined China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Not long ago, over 6,000 delegates from 150 countries and 92 international organizations gathered in Beijing for the second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation. People can tell what is right.

（四）在文明互鉴与傲慢偏见之间，我们应作出怎样的抉择？前几天，中国成功举办了亚洲文明对话大会。文明是多彩的、平等的、包容的、互鉴的，不应该独尊某一种文明或者贬损某一种文明。历史上对黑人的奴役、对印第安人的驱赶、对亚非拉的殖民、对犹太人的残害，都是人类文明史上无法抚平的创伤和悲剧。当前，有人重拾“文明冲突”论调，用狭隘眼光看待其他文明，充斥着种族主义腐朽味道，这是十分错误的,历史怎能允许这样的倒退？

Fourth, which should we choose, mutual learning among civilizations or arrogance and prejudice? A few days ago, China successfully hosted the Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilizations. We believe that human civilizations are and should be colorful, equal, inclusive and willing to learn from each other. Not a single civilization should be worshiped or belittled. There are scars and tragedies in the history of human civilization which do not go away, to name only a few, the enslavement of Africans, the expulsion of native American Indians, the colonization in Asia, Africa and Latin America, and the killing of Jewish people. Unfortunately, some people recently pick up the decadent idea of “clash of civilizations”. As racist and narrow-minded as it is, this is not right. How can we tolerate such a regress of history?

二、面对复杂多变的国际安全形势，中国政府和军队坚决维护世界和地区繁荣稳定微博@高斋翻硕 公众号高斋翻译学堂

II. Facing complex and volatile international security situation, the Chinese government and armed forces stay committed to regional and world prosperity and stability.

熟悉中国近代史的人都知道，积贫积弱的旧中国遭受过多少苦难，中国人比任何人都懂得和平的珍贵，深知战争的残酷和带来的灾难。一直以来，总有人刻意渲染、炒作和夸大“中国威胁论”，这或者是对中国历史文化和现实政策不了解，但更多的是出于一种误解和偏见，甚至是有着他们不可告人的目的。

Those who are familiar with China’s modern history must know that the country was once poor and weak and went through enormous misery. The Chinese people know only too well the value of peace and the cruelty and destructiveness of war. Over the years, some have been recklessly hyping up, exaggerating and dramatizing the “China threat theory”, partly due to the lack of understanding of China’s history, culture and policies, but more likely due to misunderstanding, prejudice, or even a hidden agenda.

（一）中国坚定不移走和平发展道路。中国的社会主义国家性质，独立自主的和平外交政策，“和为贵”的中华文化传统，决定了中国始终走和平发展道路。这是向中国人民和世界人民作出的郑重承诺，已经明确写入中国共产党党章和中华人民共和国宪法。这是我们党和国家的意志，如果有人连这都不相信，那还能相信什么？ 70年来，中国没有主动挑起过任何一场战争和冲突，没有侵略过任何一个国家，没有占领过别人一寸土地。不论发展到什么程度，中国永远不会威胁谁，永远不争霸不称霸，永远不会谋求建立势力范围。历史已经并将继续证明，中国不走“国强必霸”的老路，称王称霸不符合中国的价值观和国家利益。

China sticks to the path of peaceful development. Such a commitment is underpinned by China’s socialist system, the independent foreign policy of peace, and the cultural tradition that values peace and harmony. China shall follow the path of peaceful development, which is a solemn commitment to the people of China and the world. This has been written into the Constitution of the Communist Party of China and the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China, thus reaffirmed as the will of the CPC and the state. If this is not even convincing enough for some people, then we don’t know what they would believe? Over the past 70 years since the founding of the P.R.C., China has never provoked a war or conflict, nor has it ever invaded another country or taken an inch of land from others. In the future, no matter how strong it becomes, China shall never threaten anyone, seek hegemony or establish spheres of influence. History has proven and will continue to prove that China will not follow the beaten path of big powers seeking hegemony when it grows strong. Hegemony does not conform to China’s values and national interests.

（二）中国一贯奉行积极防御的军事战略。中国军事战略始终坚持防御、自卫、后发制人原则，强调“人不犯我、我不犯人，人若犯我、我必犯人”。中国军队的发展完全是为了自卫防御，保护国家安全和人民和平劳动，使中国人民免遭战争的劫难，过上美好生活。中国从来没有欺负谁、掠夺谁，当然也不会允许任何人欺负掠夺我们。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号高斋翻译学堂

China adopts a military strategy of active defense. China’s military strategy adheres to the principles of defense, self-defense and post-strike response. It stresses that “we will not attack unless we are attacked, but we will surely counterattack if attacked”. China develops its military entirely for self-defense. The purpose is to defend the country and provide the people with a peaceful working environment, and ensure that our people are free from the disasters of war and enjoy a better life. We have never bullied or preyed on others, and we shall not let others bully or prey on us either.

中国军队的发展是为了应对面临的安全威胁。正如以前我们受到核武器的烕胁，才被迫发展了核力量。中国的国防开支是合理适度的。中国的国防建设和发展，始终着眼于维护自身安全的正当需要，始终是世界和平力量的增长。

China develops its military to cope with security threats. Similar scenario can be found in the past when China had to develop nuclear capabilities of its own under nuclear threat. China’s defense expenditure is reasonable and appropriate. China enhances national defense in order to meet the legitimate needs to defend its own security as well as contribute to the world force for peace.

（三）中国军队坚决捍卫国家主权、安全、发展利益。中国人民解放军是中国共产党领导下的人民军队。中国军队历经战火洗礼，浴血奋战，不怕牺牲，面对侵略、强权和困难从来都是勇往直前，从胜利走向胜利。中国人是越压越强、愈挫愈勇，在逆境中会更团结、爆发出惊人伟力，就像我们国歌中唱的那样“起来，不愿做奴隶的人们”、“把我们的血肉，筑成我们新的长城”。面对复杂严峻的安全威胁，中国军队始终牢记祖国的神圣领土一寸不能丢，别人的东西一分一毫也不要。中国军队不惹事，但也不怕事，如果有人铤而走险、突破我们的底线，中国军队必将断然出手，打败一切来犯之敌。微博@高斋翻硕 公众号高斋翻译学堂

The Chinese military is dedicated to safeguarding national sovereignty, security and development interests. The PLA is the people’s force under the leadership of the CPC. The PLA has fought many battles and is not afraid of sacrifice. In face of aggression, coercion or hardships, it has stridden forward from victory to victory. The more severe the pressure and difficulties are, the stronger and braver the Chinese people become. Adversity only brings our nation greater solidarity and strength. As the lyrics of the Chinese national anthem go, “Arise, all those who do not want be enslaved. Let’s build the new Great Wall with our flesh and blood.” Faced with daunting and complex security challenges, the PLA vows not to yield a single inch of the country’s sacred land, but it shall not seize anything from others either. The PLA has no intention to cause anybody trouble, but it is not afraid to face up to troubles. Should anyone risk crossing the bottom line, the PLA will resolutely take action and defeat all enemies.

（四）中国军队坚决维护世界和地区安全稳定。中国积极支持联合国维和行动，是安理会常任理事国第一大出兵国、主要出资国，8000人维和待命部队可随时执行任务。长期以来，中国积极参与双边和多边安全合作，中俄全面战略协作伙伴关系始终处于高水平，中美两国两军关系历经曲折和困难但总体保持稳定，我们与东盟国家休戚与共，与印、巴等南亚国家传统友谊不断加深，与周边国家长期保持着和平共处、睦邻友好，与非洲、拉美国家军队保持着良好关系。今年10月中国将举办第9届北京香山论坛，欢迎各国军队领导人和学者来华参会。

The Chinese military stays committed to safeguarding regional and world security and stability. China is an active supporter of UN Peacekeeping Operations. It is the largest troop contributor among the permanent members of the UN Security Council and a major contributor of funds. We have established a peacekeeping standby force of 8,000 troops that is ready to be deployed. For years, China has been active in promoting bilateral and multilateral security cooperation. The China-Russia Comprehensive Strategic Partnership of Coordination has been running at a high level. The state-to-state and military-to-military relations between China and the US remain generally stable, despite twists and difficulties. We have strengthened the sense of shared destiny with ASEAN countries, deepened traditional friendship with India, Pakistan and other South Asian countries, maintained peaceful coexistence and good-neighborliness with surrounding countries, and built good relationship with the countries and militaries of Africa and Latin America. In October this year, China will host the 9th Beijing Xiangshan Forum. We welcome defense and military leaders and scholars from all over the world to attend the Forum.微博@高斋翻硕 公众号高斋翻译学堂