刘晓明大使在中国日报社“新时代大讲堂”的演讲：《坚持改革开放，共创美好未来》
Speech by H.E. Ambassador Liu Xiaoming at "Vision China" Hosted by China Daily: Further Reform and Opening Up Creates a Brighter Future
（2018年9月13日，伦敦乔治大街一号）
1 Great George Street, London, 13 September 2018
尊敬的中国日报社总编辑周树春先生，
Mr. Zhou Shuchun,
尊敬的英国皇家国际问题研究所主席吉姆·奥尼尔勋爵，
Lord O'Neill,
各位嘉宾，
Distinguished Guests,
女士们，先生们，
Ladies and Gentlemen:
大家上午好！
Good morning!
很高兴参加中国日报社举办的“新时代大讲堂”。
It is a real delight to join you at China Daily's 5th "Vision China" talks.
今年是中国改革开放40周年。本次大讲堂的主题是“改革开放再出发：中国与世界新愿景”，可谓恰逢其时。
As we celebrate the 40th anniversary of China's reform and opening up, the "Vision China" talks could not have been more timely. It gives us a good opportunity to talk about the vision for China and the world 40 Years on.
今天，我想借助大讲堂，与大家探讨交流三个问题：一是中国改革开放为什么能取得成功？二是新时代中国改革开放对世界意味着什么？三是中国进一步推进改革开放能给国际社会带来什么？
Let me take this opportunity to share with you my views on three questions:
• First, what are the reasons for the success of China's reform and opening up?
• Second, what does China's reform and opening up in the new era mean to the world?
Third, what does China have to offer to the international community through its further reform and opening up?
X1说，“改革开放这场中国的第二次革命，不仅深刻改变了中国，也深刻影响了世界”。40年前，中国GDP总量仅为1750亿美元，居世界第十。现在中国GDP总量已超过12万亿美元，增长了68倍，稳居世界第二。40年来，中国绝对贫困人口从7.7亿减少至3000多万，累计减贫7.4亿人，占同期全球减贫人口总数70%以上。中国已建成分别覆盖超过9亿人和13亿人的基本养老保险和医疗保险体系，织就了世界上最大的社会保障网络。此外，中国是世界第一大出口国和第二大进口国，连续多年对世界经济增长贡献率超过30%，成为全球经济复苏的稳定器和动力源。
X1 said, reform and opening up, which is China's second revolution, has not only profoundly changed the country but also greatly influenced the whole world.
Forty years ago, China's GDP was $175 billion. Today, it is more than $12 trillion, increasing by 68 times. In forty years' time, China has grown from the tenth to the second largest economy in the world.
In forty years' time, China's population living in absolute poverty has dropped from 770 million to a little over 30 million. This means 740 million people have been lifted out of poverty, accounting for more than 70% of world poverty reduction in the same period.
In forty years' time, China has built the world's largest social security network, with a basic pension insurance system covering more than 900 million people and a basic health insurance system covering 1.3 billion.
In forty years' time, China has become the world's largest exporter and second largest importer. It has contributed more than 30% of world economic growth for many years. It has been a stabilizer and powerhouse for world economic recovery
40年弹指一挥间，中国改革开放取得巨大成功绝非偶然，我认为主要有三个原因：
Such remarkable success in such a short period of time is by no means a matter of luck. I believe it should be attributed to China's down-to-earth approach, undaunted courage, and open and inclusive attitude.
一是以实事求是的精神探索发展。改革开放没有先例可循。40年来，从农村到城市、从试点到推广、从经济体制改革到全面深化改革，中国立足不同时期的国情实际和发展需要，摸着石头过河，一步一个脚印，逐步探索出一条有中国特色的改革发展道路。一路走来，我们最深的感触就是，既要仰望星空、胸怀理想，时刻把人民对美好生活的向往装在心里，又要实事求是、脚踏实地，把发展成果落在实处，惠及普通百姓。
First, China has been down-to-earth in exploring its own development path.
In reform and opening up, China has no precedent to go by. From rural to urban reforms, from pilot projects to wider introduction, and from economic restructuring to deeper reforms across the board, the only benchmarks for China are its national condition and development needs. To use the famous metaphor of Deng Xiaoping, we have "crossed the river by feeling the stones". Over the past 40 years, China has taken solid steps, made concrete progress and blazed a trail of development and reform with Chinese characteristics.
The most valuable lesson we have learned in this process is this: While we must dream big and bear in mind the people's aspiration for a better life, it is equally important to stay down-to-earth, take solid steps and deliver.
二是以自我革命的勇气推进改革。改革就是要破解矛盾，化解问题，因此必须要有敢于自我革命的勇气。纵观国际社会，高喊改革口号的不少，但敢对自己下刀子的不多。我们深知，空谈误国，实干兴邦。中国改革开放可贵之处就在于敢于直面重大矛盾和问题，不断打破一切束缚思想的桎梏，扫除一切阻碍发展的藩篱，以强烈的问题意识和忧患意识，把改革进行到底。
Second, China has been courageous in the self-revolutionary reform.
Reform is a process of addressing contradictions and problems. Therefore, it is important to have the courage of self-revolution. Around the world, there is often more empty rhetoric than concrete actions targeting at one's own problems.
The Chinese people believe in concrete actions because we think this is what makes a country prosper. In advancing reform and opening up, nothing is more precious than our courage to face up to bitter contradictions and problems. We have continuously shattered the shackles on thought and removed the hurdles to development. We have the resolve to settle the problems, tackle the risks and carry the reform through to the end.
三是以开放包容的态度拥抱世界。开放带来进步，封闭必然落后。近代中国对此有着刻骨铭心的认识。40年来，中国坚持打开国门搞建设，实现了从封闭半封闭到全方位开放的伟大转折。我们以开放促改革，通过加入世贸组织、对接国际经贸规则，再到建设自贸试验区、实施准入前国民待遇加负面清单制度，倒逼国内改革。同时，我们以开放促发展，利用外国资金、经验、技术带动国内发展，通过逐步扩大对外投资，分享中国经济发展红利。
Third, China has embraced the world with an open and inclusive attitude.
Openness brings progress and isolation results in backwardness. This is a hard lesson that China has learnt from its recent history.
We have learnt this lesson, and we have for 40 years adhered to the basic policy of opening up. We have turned China from a closed and semi-closed country to one that opens up on all fronts.
Such openness has prompted more reforms. From acceding to the WTO and adopting international economic and trade rules to establishing pilot free trade zones and putting in place the system of pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list, further opening-up has been driving domestic reform.
Moreover, greater openness has facilitated further development in China and around the world. Opening up has given China's development the benefit of foreign capital, experience and expertise. In turn, China has been sharing the benefit of its economic growth with the world through expanding investment overseas.
女士们，先生们，
Ladies and Gentlemen:
回顾过去40年，没有改革开放，就没有中国的今天。同样，没有改革开放，就没有中国的明天。只有进一步深化改革、扩大开放，才能开创更加美好的未来。那么中国新时代的改革开放对世界将意味着什么呢？
Without reform and opening up, China would not have come so far. Without deeper reform and further opening up, China would not be able to create a brighter future.
Now let me turn to the second question: what does China's reform and opening up in the new era mean to the world?
首先，将为其他国家探索发展道路提供中国方案。鞋子合不合脚，只有自己知道。中国在改革开放中始终坚持“不唯上、不唯书、只唯实”，始终坚持走自己的路，努力探索适合自身发展的道路。中国的成功拓展了发展中国家走向现代化的道路，丰富了人类的制度宝库、治理宝库。中国愿与广大发展中国家分享改革开放的成功经验，加强治国理政交流，实现共同发展。在上周举行的中非合作论坛北京峰会上，X1庄严承诺，中国对非合作将继续坚持“五不”，即：不干预非洲国家探索符合国情的发展道路，不干涉非洲内政，不把自己的意志强加于人，不在对非援助中附加任何政治条件，不在对非投资融资中谋取政治私利。这“五不”原则生动表明，中国不会要求别国“复制”中国的做法，更不会“输出”中国的模式。
As a Chinese saying goes, only the wearer knows whether the shoes fit or not. In reform and opening up, there is no textbook approach. One has to try to see if the relevant measures are suitable. That is what China did. We adhered to the path of our own choice and found the way that worked for us.
China's success expands the road to modernization and contributes to the wealth of social systems and governance experience of mankind. China stands ready to share its success stories in reform and opening up with other developing countries, enhance exchanges on governance and achieve common development.
But China will not ask other countries to "copy" the Chinese way or "export" the Chinese model. Last week, at the Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation, X1 made a solemn pledge on China's "five-no" approach in its relations with Africa, namely
• No interference in African countries' pursuit of development paths that fit their national conditions;
• No interference in African countries' internal affairs;
• No imposition of our will on African countries;
• No attachment of political strings to assistance to Africa;
And no selfish political interests in investment and financing cooperation in Africa.
第二，将为应对世界经济格局调整演变提供中国智慧。近年来，世界经济增长新旧动能加速转换，逆全球化、保护主义、单边主义有所抬头，各国经济复苏势头不确定性不稳定性增多，自由贸易和国际多边贸易体制面临严重威胁。经济全球化到底何去何从，中国以改革开放的实际行动为国际社会指明了方向。我们坚持推进经济结构性改革，更加注重创新驱动，挖掘增长潜力，激发经济活力，提升内生动力，在新一轮科技革命和产业革命浪潮中发展自己。我们坚持开放合作，推动共同繁荣、持久发展，努力引导经济全球化朝着更加开放、包容、普惠、平衡、共赢的方向演变。面对世界经济格局调整演变带来的挑战，让世界经济的大海退回到一个个孤立的小湖泊、小河流，是不可能的，也是不符合历史潮流的。中国始终坚决反对保护主义、单边主义，愿与国际社会一道，坚定维护开放型世界经济和多边贸易体制。
Second, continued reform and opening up in the new era will enable China to offer its wisdom to a world of evolving economic landscape.
• In this world, new growth drivers are fast replacing the old.
• Anti-globalization, protectionism and unilateralism are rising.
• World economic recovery faces increasing uncertainties and instabilities.
• Free trade and the multi-lateral trade regime are under severe threat.
Where is the way forward for globalization? With renewed commitment to reform and opening up, China is pointing to the right direction.
China's continued reform will focus on the economic structure. This means there will be more emphasis on innovation as a driver of development as well as a focus on tapping the potential, activating the economic vigour and strengthening the domestic impetus for growth. This will enable China to seize the new round of scientific, technological and industrial revolution to achieve development.
China is at the same time committed to open cooperation with the world. Our goal is common prosperity and sustainable development. We would strive for an economic globalization that is more open, inclusive, balanced and win-win for all.
Despite the evolving economic landscape, globalization cannot be turned back, just as it is impossible to channel the water of the ocean back into isolated lakes and creeks. China stands firmly against protectionism and unilateralism. We are ready to work with other countries in the world to safeguard an open world economy and the multi-lateral trade regime.
第三，将为推进全球治理体系变革提供中国理念。当今世界正在经历百年未有之大变局，战后国际体系面临严重挑战，全球治理体系改革呼声日益高涨。40年改革开放的历史和实践表明，中国不但是现行国际体系的受益者，也是参与者，更是维护者。中国提出构建相互尊重、公平正义、合作共赢的新型国际关系，构建持久和平、普遍安全、共同繁荣、开放包容、清洁美丽的人类命运共同体，推动全球治理体系变革朝着更加公平合理的方向发展。中国还提出“一带一路”倡议，致力于构建共商共建共享的国际合作新格局，丰富和推进全球治理实践，推动国际关系更加民主化，为弥补全球治理中的规则赤字、理念赤字以及发展赤字做出了重要贡献。
Third, continued reform and opening up in the new era will enable China to contribute its ideas to the reform of the global governance system.
The world is experiencing profound changes unseen in a century. There is a rising call for reform in the global governance system.
China is not only a beneficiary but also a participant and defender of the existing international system. But we are ready to answer the call of the international community and work to make the global governance system more fair and reasonable.
To this end, China proposed to build a new type of international relations featuring mutual respect, fairness, justice and win-win cooperation. We call for the building of an open, inclusive, clean and beautiful community with a shared future for mankind. It is a community of lasting peace, universal security and common prosperity.
China has also proposed the Belt and Road Initiative.
• This Initiative is committed to a new type of international cooperation based on extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefit;
• It has enriched and advanced the practice of global governance;
• It promotes greater democracy in the international relations;
And it contributes to filling in the rules, ideas and development gaps in the global governance.
女士们，先生们，
Ladies and Gentlemen:
展望未来，我们将以更大的决心、更大的勇气推动新一轮改革开放，把外部压力转化为内在动力，把内在动力转化为实际行动，按照既定总目标和路线图，一步一个脚印，稳步推进改革开放。中国的改革开放将为国际社会带来“三个大”机遇：
Going forward, China will carry out the new round of reform and opening up with greater determination and courage. The pressure for reform can be turned into a driving force. This will in turn lead to concrete actions and firm and steady steps to advance reform and opening up according to its overarching goal and roadmap.
I believe China's reform and opening up will create three big opportunities for the international community.
一是一个大引擎。改革开放将使中国经济保持稳定发展势头，继续成为推动世界经济增长、促进各国共同发展的强大引擎。今年上半年，中国经济同比增长6.8%，连续12个季度运行在6.7%—6.9%之间。今年11月，中国将举办首届国际进口博览会，这不是一届普通的博览会，而是中国欢迎世界各国搭乘中国发展快车、与世界共享发展红利的重大举措。英国是此次博览会主宾国之一，中方衷心欢迎更多英国企业用好这个平台，把更多优质英国产品和服务带到中国。
The first opportunity is a powerful engine for growth.
With further reform and opening up, China's economy will continue to growth steadily. This will enable China to remain as a powerful engine for world economic growth and common development.
In the first half of this year, China's economy grew by 6.8% over the same period last year. This means China has maintained 6.7-6.9% growth rate for 12 consecutive quarters.
This coming November, China will host the first-ever International Import Expo. This is not just another expo. It is an important measure of China to invite all countries in the world to share its development opportunities and benefits. The UK is one of the countries of honour at the Expo. China welcomes a strong presence of British companies in Shanghai to showcase British products and services to the Chinese market.
二是一个大市场。中国已形成有4亿人左右的全球最大中等收入群体，市场潜力巨大。未来15年，中国预计将进口24万亿美元商品。以汽车产业为例，中国现在是全球最大的汽车消费市场，汽车产销量连续9年蝉联全球第一。今年7月1日，中国正式下调进口汽车和部分日用消费品关税，既满足人们消费升级的需求，也给外国相关企业拓宽中国市场提供了新机遇。中国还积极放宽金融、制造业等领域的市场准入，创造更具吸引力的投资环境，加强知识产权保护，欢迎更多外国企业来华开拓市场、投资兴业。
The second opportunity is a big market.
With the world's largest middle-income population, that is, about 400 million, China has a huge market. In next 15 years, China will import $24 trillion of goods. Take the automobile industry for example. China is now the world's largest consumer market for automobiles. The production and sales of automobiles has topped the world for nine consecutive years. On 1 July this year, China cut import tariffs on automobiles and some consumer goods. This has not only met the upgraded consumer needs in China but also created new opportunities for foreign companies to expand their business in the Chinese market.
China has also been working vigorously on market access in the financial and manufacturing sectors, investment-friendly environment and IPR protection. These measures are all aimed at facilitating foreign businesses and investments in China.
三是一个大平台。今年是X1提出共建“一带一路”倡议五周年。目前，已有103个国家和国际组织同中国签署118份“一带一路”方面的合作协议，中欧班列累计开行数量突破1万列，到达欧洲15个国家43个城市。中国与沿线国家货物贸易累计超过5万亿美元，在沿线国家建设的境外经贸合作区总投资200多亿美元，创造20多万个就业岗位，给当地创造的税收几十亿美元。“一带一路”源于中国，但已成为惠及世界的合作平台。明年中国将举办第二届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛，我们欢迎英国各界朋友积极参与。
The third opportunity is a major platform.
This major platform is the Belt and Road Initiative. Five year after X1 proposed this Initiative, the BRI has made enormous progress.
• 103 countries and international organisations have signed 118 cooperation agreements with China on the BRI,
• Over 10,000 China Railway Express trains have run between China and 43 cities in 15 European countries.
• Trade in goods between China and countries along the routes have exceeded $5 trillion.
• China has invested over $20 billion in economic and trade cooperation zones along the routes. These zones have created over 200,000 jobs locally and contributed billions of dollars of tax to host countries.
Born in China, this Initiative is already serving as a platform for cooperation and delivering benefit to the whole world.
Next year, China will host the second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation. We welcome the participation from our British friends at this Forum.
女士们，先生们，
Ladies and Gentlemen:
历史从不眷顾因循守旧、满足现状者，机遇永远属于勇于创新、永不自满者。我衷心希望，中英两国牢牢把握时代发展潮流，紧紧抓住新时代中国扩大改革开放的宝贵机遇，携手共创更加美好的未来。
History never favours the complacent who refuses to innovate. Opportunities always belong to the audacious who embraces innovation and change.
I sincerely hope that China and the UK will follow the trend of the times, and seize the invaluable opportunities of China's further reform and opening up in the new era. Together we will create a brighter future.
谢谢！
Thank you!
下面我愿回答大家的提问。
Now I am ready to take your questions.
