七是坚持在发展中保障和改善民生，改革发展成果更多更公平惠及人民群众。针对外部环境变化给就业带来的影响，及时出台稳就业举措。大力推动义务教育教师工资待遇政策落实，加强乡村小规模学校和乡镇寄宿制学校建设。建立企业职工基本养老保险基金中央调剂制度，提高退休人员基本养老金，城乡居民基础养老金最低标准从每月70元提高到88元。继续提高优抚、低保等标准，残疾人“两项补贴”惠及所有符合条件人员。加强退役军人服务管理工作，维护退役军人合法权益。深化医疗、医保、医药联动改革。稳步推进分级诊疗。提高居民基本医保补助标准和大病保险报销比例。加快新药审评审批改革，17种抗癌药大幅降价并纳入国家医保目录。加快推进文化惠民工程，持续加强基层公共文化服务。全民健身蓬勃开展，体育健儿在国际大赛上再创佳绩。微博@高斋翻硕

Seventh, we continued to ensure and improve living standards in the course of pursuing development and enabled the people to share more fully and fairly in the benefits of reform and development.

We took prompt steps to ease the impact of changes in the external environment on employment.

We made strong moves to ensure the implementation of policies on pay packages of teachers in compulsory education and stepped up the development of small rural schools and boarding schools in towns and townships.

We established a system for the central government to allocate nationwide enterprise employees' basic aged-care insurance funds, raised retirees' basic pensions, and increased the minimum basic aged-care pension benefits for rural and non-working urban residents from 70 to 88 yuan per person per month.

We continued to increase benefits for entitled groups and subsistence allowances, and ensured that all people with disabilities who are eligible can access living allowances and nursing care subsidies.

For demobilized military personnel, we improved service provision and management and protected their lawful rights and interests.

Coordinated medical service, medical insurance, and pharmaceutical reforms continued. We made steady progress in developing the tiered diagnosis and treatment model. We raised the level of government subsidies for rural and non-working urban residents' basic medical insurance and the reimbursement rate of their serious illness insurance.

The reform for evaluation and approval of new medicines was stepped up; the prices of 17 cancer drugs were slashed and these drugs were included in the national medical insurance catalog.

We sped up the implementation of cultural projects designed to benefit the people, and continued to strengthen public cultural services at the community level. Fitness-for-All activities flourished. Chinese athletes excelled themselves in international competitions.

八是推进法治政府建设和治理创新，保持社会和谐稳定。提请全国人大常委会审议法律议案18件，制定修订行政法规37部。改革调整政府机构设置和职能配置。深入开展国务院大督查，推动改革发展政策和部署落实。发挥审计监督作用。改革完善城乡基层治理。创新信访工作方式。改革和加强应急管理，及时有效应对重大自然灾害，生产安全事故总量和重特大事故数量继续下降。加强食品药品安全监管，严厉查处长春长生公司等问题疫苗案件。健全国家安全体系。强化社会治安综合治理，开展扫黑除恶专项斗争，依法打击各类违法犯罪，平安中国建设取得新进展。微博@高斋翻硕

We submitted 18 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for deliberation, and formulated or revised 37 sets of administrative regulations. We reformed and adjusted the composition and responsibilities of government bodies. The State Council conducted major accountability inspections to ensure the implementation of reform and development policies and plans. We made full use the role of auditing in oversight.

We reformed and improved urban and rural governance at the primary level. New approaches were adopted to address public complaints. We reformed and strengthened emergency management, responded swiftly and effectively to major natural disasters, and achieved a continued reduction in both the total number of workplace accidents and the number of serious and major accidents.

We strengthened oversight over food and drug safety and investigated and took stern action in defective vaccines cases like that involving Changchun Changsheng.

We improved the national security system. We strengthened comprehensive measures to maintain law and order, launched a campaign to combat organized crime and root out local mafia, and cracked down on crime and other legal violations in accordance with law. Further headway was made in carrying out the Peaceful China initiative.

We fully implemented the Party Central Committee's strategic decision on enforcing full and strict discipline over the Party, and intensified efforts to improve Party conduct and build a clean government. We moved to ensure that all Party members, on a regular and institutionalized basis, work to gain a good command of the Party Constitution, Party regulations, and General Secretary Xi Jinping's policy addresses and to meet Party standards

认真贯彻党中央全面从严治党战略部署，加强党风廉政建设。推进“两学一做”学习教育常态化制度化。严格落实中央八项规定及其实施细则精神，坚定不移纠正“四风”。严肃查处各类违法违规行为，惩处腐败分子，反腐败斗争取得压倒性胜利。微博@高斋翻硕

We acted in strict accordance with the central Party leadership's eight-point decision on conduct and the rules for its implementation. We took stern action against formalities performed for formalities' sake, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance. Activities of various types in violation of laws or regulations were severely punished or prosecuted. Steps were taken to bring the corrupt to justice, and the fight against corruption was a resounding success.

过去一年，中国特色大国外交取得新成就。成功举办博鳌亚洲论坛年会、上合组织青岛峰会、中非合作论坛北京峰会等重大主场外交活动。习近平主席等国家领导人出访多国，出席亚太经合组织领导人非正式会议、二十国集团领导人峰会、金砖国家领导人会晤、亚欧首脑会议、东亚合作领导人系列会议等重大活动。同主要大国关系总体稳定，同周边国家关系全面发展，同发展中国家团结合作纽带更加牢固。推动构建新型国际关系，推动构建人类命运共同体。坚定维护国家主权、安全、发展利益。经济外交、人文交流成果丰硕。中国致力于促进世界和平与发展，作出了世人共睹的重要贡献。

Over the past year, we attained new achievements in pursuing diplomacy with our own characteristics as a major country. We successfully hosted major diplomatic events such as the Boao Forum for Asia annual conference, the Qingdao Summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and the Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation. President Xi Jinping and other Chinese leaders visited many countries and attended major international events, including the APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, the G20 Leaders Summit, the BRICS Leaders Meeting, the Asia-Europe Meeting, and the East Asian leaders' meetings on cooperation.

China's relations with other major countries remained generally stable, our relations with neighboring countries saw all-round growth, and our bond of unity and cooperation with other developing countries grew stronger

We promoted the development of a new type of international relations and a human community with a shared future, and resolutely protected China's sovereignty, security, and development interests. Our pursuit of economic diplomacy and cultural and people-to-people exchanges yielded rich fruit. China endeavored to promote world peace and development and made important contributions recognized around the world.

各位代表！

Fellow Deputies,

过去一年取得的成绩，是以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导的结果，是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想科学指引的结果，是全党全军全国各族人民团结奋斗的结果。我代表国务院，向全国各族人民，向各民主党派、各人民团体和各界人士，表示诚挚感谢！向香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞、台湾同胞和海外侨胞，表示诚挚感谢！向关心和支持中国现代化建设的各国政府、国际组织和各国朋友，表示诚挚感谢！微博@高斋翻硕

We owe our achievements of the past year to the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, to the sound guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and to the concerted efforts of the Party, the military, and the people of all ethnic groups in China. On behalf of the State Council, I express sincere thanks to the people of all our ethnic groups, and to all other political parties, people's organizations, and public figures from all sectors of society. I express sincere appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, in Taiwan, and overseas. I also express our sincere gratitude to the governments of other countries, international organizations, and friends from all over the world who have shown understanding and support for China in its endeavor to achieve modernization.

思危方能居安。在充分肯定成绩的同时，要清醒看到我国发展面临的问题和挑战。世界经济增速放缓，保护主义、单边主义加剧，国际大宗商品价格大幅波动，不稳定不确定因素明显增加，外部输入性风险上升。国内经济下行压力加大，消费增速减慢，有效投资增长乏力。实体经济困难较多，民营和小微企业融资难融资贵问题尚未有效缓解，营商环境与市场主体期待还有差距。自主创新能力不强，关键核心技术短板问题凸显。一些地方财政收支矛盾较大。金融等领域风险隐患依然不少。深度贫困地区脱贫攻坚困难较多。生态保护和污染防治任务仍然繁重。在教育、医疗、养老、住房、食品药品安全、收入分配等方面，群众还有不少不满意的地方。去年还发生了多起公共安全事件和重大生产安全事故，教训极其深刻。政府工作存在不足，一些改革发展举措落实不到位，形式主义、官僚主义仍然突出，督查检查考核过多过频、重留痕轻实绩，加重基层负担。少数干部懒政怠政。一些领域腐败问题仍然多发。我们一定要直面问题和挑战，勇于担当，恪尽职守，竭尽全力做好工作，决不辜负人民期待！微博@高斋翻硕

Only alertness to danger will ensure safety. While fully recognizing our achievements, we must also be clear about the problems and challenges our country faces in its development.

Growth in the global economy is slowing, protectionism and unilateralism are mounting, and there are drastic fluctuations in the prices of commodities on the international market. Instability and uncertainty are visibly increasing, and externally-generated risks are on the rise.

Downward pressure on the Chinese economy continues to increase, growth in consumption is slowing, and growth in effective investment lacks momentum. The real economy faces many difficulties. The difficulties that private firms and small and micro businesses face in accessing affordable financing have not yet been effectively solved. The business enviro1unent still falls short of market entities' expectations.

Our capacity for innovation is not strong, and our weakness in terms of core technologies for key fields remains a salient problem. Budgetary deficits in some localities are quite large. There are still many risks and hidden dangers in the financial and other sectors. In deeply impoverished areas, we still face many difficulties in the fight against poverty. Ecological conservation and pollution prevention and control continue to be a weighty task. 微博@高斋翻硕

There is still public dissatisfaction in many areas, such as education, healthcare, elderly care, housing, food and drug safety, and income distribution. Last year saw the occurrence of a number of public safety incidents and major workplace accidents. The lessons these incidents left us with should never be forgotten.

There is room for improvement in the work of government. Some measures and policies for reform and development have not been fully implemented. We still have a serious problem with pointless formalities and bureaucratism. Excessive and over-frequent inspections and evaluations and a focus on the superficial to the neglect of the substantive have increased the burden on officials working at the primary level. A small number of government employees lack drive. Instances of corruption still occur frequently in some sectors. 微博@高斋翻硕

We must face the problems and challenges squarely, shoulder our responsibility, fully perform our duties, and do all we can to truly live up to people's expectations.

二、2019年经济社会发展总体要求和政策取向

II.Economic and Social Development in 2019:Overall Requirements and Policy Directions

今年是新中国成立70周年，是全面建成小康社会、实现第一个百年奋斗目标的关键之年。做好政府工作，要在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，全面贯彻党的十九大和十九届二中、三中全会精神，统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局，协调推进“四个全面”战略布局，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，坚持新发展理念，坚持推动高质量发展，坚持以供给侧结构性改革为主线，坚持深化市场化改革、扩大高水平开放，加快建设现代化经济体系，继续打好三大攻坚战，着力激发微观主体活力，创新和完善宏观调控，统筹推进稳增长、促改革、调结构、惠民生、防风险工作，保持经济运行在合理区间，进一步稳就业、稳金融、稳外贸、稳外资、稳投资、稳预期，提振市场信心，增强人民群众获得感、幸福感、安全感，保持经济持续健康发展和社会大局稳定，为全面建成小康社会收官打下决定性基础，以优异成绩庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年。公众号高斋翻译学堂 微博@高斋翻硕

This year is the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China. It will be a crucial year for us as we endeavor to achieve the first Centenary Goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. To fulfill the work of government, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, we must:

• follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era;

• implement fully the guiding principles of the Party's 19th National Congress and the second and third plenary sessions of its 19th Central Committee;

pursue coordinated progress in the five-sphere integrated plan;

pursue balanced progress in the four-pronged comprehensive strategy;

adhere to the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability;

continue to apply the new development philosophy;

continue to work for high-quality development;

continue to pursue supply-side structural reform as our main task;

continue to deepen market-orientated reforms and expand high-standard opening up;

work faster to modernize the economy;

continue the three critical battles;

invigorate micro entities;

explore innovations in and improve macro regulation;

make coordinated efforts to maintain stable growth, advance reform, make structural adjustments, improve living standards, and guard against risks;

keep major economic indicators within an appropriate range;

• take further steps to ensure stable employment, a stable financial sector, stable foreign trade, stable foreign investment, stable domestic investment, and stable expectations;

• boost market confidence;

• enable people to feel more satisfied, happy, and secure; and

• sustain healthy economic development and maintain social stability.

By doing the above, we will create the pivotal underpinning for completing the building of a moderately prosperous society and celebrate with outstanding accomplishments the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic.

综合分析国内外形势，今年我国发展面临的环境更复杂更严峻，可以预料和难以预料的风险挑战更多更大，要做好打硬仗的充分准备。困难不容低估，信心不可动摇，干劲不能松懈。我国发展仍处于重要战略机遇期，拥有足够的韧性、巨大的潜力和不断迸发的创新活力，人民群众追求美好生活的愿望十分强烈。我们有战胜各种困难挑战的坚定意志和能力，经济长期向好趋势没有也不会改变。

A full analysis of developments in and outside China shows that in pursuing development this year, we will face a graver and more complicated environment as well as risks and challenges, foreseeable and otherwise, that are greater in number and size. We must be fully prepared for a tough struggle. The difficulties we face must not be underestimated, our confidence must not be weakened, and the energy we bring to our work must not be allowed to wane. 公众号高斋翻译学堂 微博@高斋翻硕

China is still in an important period of strategic opportunity for development and has ample resilience, enormous potential, and great creativity to unleash. The longing of our people for a better life is strong. We have the unshakable will and the ability needed to prevail over difficulties and challenges of any kind, and our economic fundamentals are sound and will remain sound over the long term.

今年经济社会发展的主要预期目标是：国内生产总值增长6%－6.5%；城镇新增就业1100万人以上，城镇调查失业率5.5%左右，城镇登记失业率4.5%以内；居民消费价格涨幅3%左右；国际收支基本平衡，进出口稳中提质；宏观杠杆率基本稳定，金融财政风险有效防控；农村贫困人口减少1000万以上，居民收入增长与经济增长基本同步；生态环境进一步改善，单位国内生产总值能耗下降3%左右，主要污染物排放量继续下降。上述主要预期目标，体现了推动高质量发展要求，符合我国发展实际，与全面建成小康社会目标相衔接，是积极稳妥的。实现这些目标，需要付出艰苦努力。公众号高斋翻译学堂 微博@高斋翻硕

With the above in mind, the main projected targets for economic and social development this year are set as follows:

GDP growth of 6-6.5 percent

Over 11 million new urban jobs, a surveyed urban unemployment rate of around 5.5 percent, and a registered urban unemployment rate within 4.5 percent

CPI increase of around 3 percent

A basic equilibrium in the balance of payments, and stable, better-structured imports and exports

A macro leverage ratio that is basically stable, and effective prevention and control of financial and fiscal risks

A reduction of over 10 million in the rural poor population

Personal income growth that is basically in step with economic growth

A further improvement in the environment

A drop of around 3 percent in energy consumption per unit of GDP Continued reductions in the discharge of major pollutants

The above projected targets are ambitious but realistic - they represent our aim of promoting high-quality development, are in keeping with the current realities of China's development, and are aligned with the goal of completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects. But to realize these goals we need to redouble our efforts. 公众号高斋翻译学堂 微博@高斋翻硕

要正确把握宏观政策取向，继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，实施就业优先政策，加强政策协调配合，确保经济运行在合理区间，促进经济社会持续健康发展。

We will ensure that the right direction is set for the pursuit of our macro policies. We will continue to pursue a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, implement an employment-first policy, and strengthen the coordination between these policies to keep major economic indicators within an appropriate range and sustain healthy economic and social development. 公众号高斋翻译学堂 微博@高斋翻硕

积极的财政政策要加力提效。今年赤字率拟按2.8%安排，比去年预算高0.2个百分点；财政赤字2.76万亿元，其中中央财政赤字1.83万亿元，地方财政赤字9300亿元。适度提高赤字率，综合考虑了财政收支、专项债券发行等因素，也考虑为应对今后可能出现的风险留出政策空间。今年财政支出超过23万亿元，增长6.5%。中央对地方均衡性转移支付增长10.9%。改革完善县级基本财力保障机制，缓解困难地区财政运转压力，决不让基本民生保障出问题。

We will pursue a proactive fiscal policy with greater intensity and enhance its performance. Deficit-to-GDP ratio this year is projected at 2.8 percent, a 0.2-percentage-point increase over that of last year. The budgetary deficit is projected at 2.76 trillion yuan, with a central government deficit of 1.83 trillion yuan and a local government deficit of 0.93 trillion yuan. In moderately increasing the deficit-to-GDP ratio, we have given full consideration to factors such as government revenue and expenditure and the issuance of special bonds; we have also taken into account the need to leave policy space to address risks that could arise in the future.

Government expenditure is budgeted at over 23 trillion yuan, a 6.5 percent increase. The central government's transfer payments to local governments for equalizing access to basic public services will increase by 10.9 percent. We will reform and improve the mechanism for ensuring basic fiscal capacity at the county level, ease the pressure of budgetary constraints faced by localities, and make certain that people's basic living needs are met.

稳健的货币政策要松紧适度。广义货币M2和社会融资规模增速要与国内生产总值名义增速相匹配，以更好满足经济运行保持在合理区间的需要。在实际执行中，既要把好货币供给总闸门，不搞“大水漫灌”，又要灵活运用多种货币政策工具，疏通货币政策传导渠道，保持流动性合理充裕，有效缓解实体经济特别是民营和小微企业融资难融资贵问题，防范化解金融风险。深化利率市场化改革，降低实际利率水平。完善汇率形成机制，保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定。

Our prudent monetary policy will be eased or tightened to the right degree. Increases in M2 money supply and aggregate financing should be in keeping with nominal GDP growth to keep major indicators within an appropriate range.

In implementation, we will ensure the valve on aggregate monetary supply is well controlled and refrain from using a deluge of stimulus policies; but will also use flexibly a variety of monetary policy instruments to improve the transmission mechanism of monetary policy, maintain reasonably sufficient liquidity, effectively mitigate difficulties faced in the real economy, especially by private enterprises and small and micro businesses, in accessing affordable financing, and forestall and defuse financial risks.

We will deepen reforms to strengthen the market's role in setting interest rates and lower real interest rates. We will improve the exchange rate mechanism and keep the RMB exchange rate generally stable and at an adaptive and balanced level.

就业优先政策要全面发力。就业是民生之本、财富之源。今年首次将就业优先政策置于宏观政策层面，旨在强化各方面重视就业、支持就业的导向。当前和今后一个时期，我国就业总量压力不减、结构性矛盾凸显，新的影响因素还在增加，必须把就业摆在更加突出位置。稳增长首要是为保就业。今年城镇新增就业要在实现预期目标的基础上，力争达到近几年的实际规模，既保障城镇劳动力就业，也为农业富余劳动力转移就业留出空间。只要就业稳、收入增，我们就更有底气。

An employment-first policy will be pursued with full force. Employment is the cornerstone of well-being, and the wellspring of wealth. This year, for the first time, we are elevating the employment-first policy to the status of a macro policy. This is to increase society-wide attention to employment and support for it. Both in the immediate future and for some time to come, the pressure on aggregate job creation will continue unabated, the related structural issues will become more pronounced, and new factors that affect employment will continue to grow. All this means we must give greater priority to increasing employment.

Maintaining stable growth, first and foremost, is to ensure employment. This year, on top of the urban job creation target, we will work to reach the actual employment figures of the past few years so as to ensure employment for the urban workforce while creating non-agricultural employment opportunities for the surplus rural workforce. With stable employment and increasing incomes, we can continue to be fully confident.

要继续坚持以供给侧结构性改革为主线，在“巩固、增强、提升、畅通”八个字上下功夫。更多采取改革的办法，更多运用市场化、法治化手段，巩固“三去一降一补”成果，增强微观主体活力，提升产业链水平，畅通国民经济循环，推动经济高质量发展。公众号高斋翻译学堂 微博@高斋翻硕

We will continue to pursue supply-side structural reform as our main task, focusing on consolidating, strengthening, upgrading, and ensuring unimpeded flows: we will use more reforms and means in accordance with market principles and law to consolidate the gains made in the five priority tasks;1 to strengthen the dynamism of micro entities; to upgrade industrial chains; and to ensure unimpeded flows in the economy, thus moving toward high-quality development.

要继续打好三大攻坚战，精准发力、务求实效。防范化解重大风险要强化底线思维，坚持结构性去杠杆，防范金融市场异常波动，稳妥处理地方政府债务风险，防控输入性风险。精准脱贫要坚持现行标准，聚焦深度贫困地区和特殊贫困群体，加大攻坚力度，提高脱贫质量。污染防治要聚焦打赢蓝天保卫战等重点任务，统筹兼顾、标本兼治，使生态环境质量持续改善。

We will continue the three critical battles and adopt precise measures to deliver solid outcomes.

To forestall and defuse major risks, we should be clear about potential dangers, continue structural deleveraging, forestall abnormal financial market fluctuations, deal prudently with local government debt risk, and guard against and control externally-generated risks.

We will intensify precision poverty alleviation efforts in accordance with current standards, with the focus on deeply impoverished areas and the most vulnerable groups to deliver solid outcomes.

In addressing pollution, we will focus on major priorities such as the fight to keep our skies blue, take a holistic approach, address both symptoms and root causes, and make continuous improvements to the environment. 公众号高斋翻译学堂 微博@高斋翻硕

做好今年政府工作，要注重把握好以下关系。一要统筹好国内与国际的关系，凝心聚力办好自己的事。我国仍处于并将长期处于社会主义初级阶段，仍是世界最大发展中国家。发展是解决我国一切问题的基础和关键，必须牢牢扭住经济建设这个中心，毫不动摇坚持发展是硬道理、发展应该是科学发展和高质量发展的战略思想，不断解放和发展社会生产力。在国际形势复杂多变的背景下，我们要保持战略定力，按确定的目标和部署推进工作，更好利用国际国内两个市场两种资源，敢于应对挑战，善于化危为机，牢牢把握发展主动权。二要平衡好稳增长与防风险的关系，确保经济持续健康发展。长期积累的诸多风险隐患必须加以化解，但要遵循规律，讲究方式方法，按照坚定、可控、有序、适度要求，在发展中逐步化解，坚决避免发生系统性、区域性风险。在当前经济下行压力加大情况下，出台政策和工作举措要有利于稳预期、稳增长、调结构，防控风险要把握好节奏和力度，防止紧缩效应叠加放大，决不能让经济运行滑出合理区间。同时，也不能只顾眼前，采取损害长期发展的短期强刺激政策，产生新的风险隐患。三要处理好政府与市场的关系，依靠改革开放激发市场主体活力。只要市场主体有活力，就能增强内生发展动力、顶住经济下行压力。要大力推进改革开放，加快建立统一开放、竞争有序的现代市场体系，放宽市场准入，加强公正监管，打造法治化、国际化、便利化的营商环境，让各类市场主体更加活跃。从根本上说，市场活力和社会创造力源于亿万人民积极性的发挥。要坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，尽力而为、量力而行，切实保障基本民生，推动解决重点民生问题，促进社会公平正义，让人民过上好日子。中国人民勤劳智慧，具有无限的创新创造潜能，只要充分释放出来，中国的发展就一定会有更为广阔空间。

For the government to deliver this year, we need to get the following relationships right.

First, we need to handle in a holistic way the relationship between domestic and international issues, and focus on running our own affairs well. China is still and will long remain in the primary stage of socialism; and it continues to be the world's largest developing country. Development is the foundation of and key to solving all our country's problems. We must pursue with dedication the central task of economic development, never falter in our commitment to the strategic thinking that development is of paramount importance and that it should be sound and of a high quality, and continue to unleash and develop productive forces.

Against the backdrop of a complex and fast-changing international environment, we must maintain strategic focus and carry out work in accordance with the goals and plans already set. We should make better use of both international and domestic markets and resources, face challenges squarely, turn risks into opportunities, and remain firm in our commitment to pursuing development.

Second, we need to achieve the right balance in the relationship between maintaining stable growth and guarding against risks, to ensure sustained, healthy economic development. The many risks and potential problems that have built up over the years demand stronger mitigating action, but in doing so we need to observe objective laws and take the right approach. Our approach must be firm, controllable, and systematic, and it should be applied with the right degree of intensity. We need to defuse risks step by step in the course of pursuing development and decisively forestall any systemic or regional risks.

Against the backdrop of mounting downward pressure on the economy, the policies and measures we adopt should ensure stable expectations, stable growth, and structural adjustments. In working to forestall and control risks, we need to get the pace and intensity right. We should see that the effects of tightening are not amplified, and we must never allow economic indicators to slide out of the appropriate range.

At the same time, we must not attend only to immediate concerns or adopt short-term strong stimulus policies that will end up undermining long-term development and generating new risks.

Third, we need to balance the relationship between government and market, and energize market entities through reform and opening up. As long as market entities are energized, we can boost the internal forces driving development and withstand the downward pressure on the economy. We must work hard to advance reform and opening up, speed up the establishment of a unified and open, competitive and orderly modern market system, relax restrictions on market access, ensure impartial regulation, and create a business environment based on rule of law that is internationalized and enabling, in order to energize market entities.

Ultimately, market vitality and social creativity stem from the initiative of hundreds of millions of people being put into action. We must stay true to the vision of people-centered development and do everything within our capacity to meet people's basic needs, resolve key problems affecting living standards, promote social fairness and justice, and help our people achieve better lives.

The Chinese are an industrious and talented people and possess boundless potential for innovation and creativity. All we need to do is unleash that potential and the space for China's development going forward will doubtless be vast.

三、2019年政府工作任务

III. Tasks for 2019

今年经济社会发展任务重、挑战多、要求高。我们要突出重点、把握关键，扎实做好各项工作。

This year, in pursuing economic and social development, we will face weighty tasks, many challenges, and high demands. We must have clear priorities and address crucial issues to deliver a solid performance across the board.

（一）继续创新和完善宏观调控，确保经济运行在合理区间。坚持以市场化改革的思路和办法破解发展难题，发挥好宏观政策逆周期调节作用，丰富和灵活运用财政、货币、就业政策工具，增强调控前瞻性、针对性和有效性，为经济平稳运行创造条件。公众号高斋翻译学堂 微博@高斋翻硕

1. We will continue to develop new and improved approaches to macro regulation and keep the main economic indicators within an appropriate range.

We will keep using market-oriented reform thinking and approaches to resolve problems in development; make good use of countercyclical macro policy regulation; add to and use flexibly financial, monetary, and employment policy instruments; make regulation more forward-looking, targeted, and effective; and create the conditions for ensuring a stable economic performance.

实施更大规模的减税。普惠性减税与结构性减税并举，重点降低制造业和小微企业税收负担。深化增值税改革，将制造业等行业现行16%的税率降至13%，将交通运输业、建筑业等行业现行10%的税率降至9%，确保主要行业税负明显降低；保持6%一档的税率不变，但通过采取对生产、生活性服务业增加税收抵扣等配套措施，确保所有行业税负只减不增，继续向推进税率三档并两档、税制简化方向迈进。抓好年初出台的小微企业普惠性减税政策落实。这次减税，着眼“放水养鱼”、增强发展后劲并考虑财政可持续，是减轻企业负担、激发市场活力的重大举措，是完善税制、优化收入分配格局的重要改革，是宏观政策支持稳增长、保就业、调结构的重大抉择。公众号高斋翻译学堂 微博@高斋翻硕

We will implement larger-scale tax cuts.

We will introduce both general-benefit and structural tax cuts, focusing primarily on reducing tax burdens in manufacturing and on small and micro businesses.

VAT reform will be deepened: we will reduce the current rate of 16 percent in manufacturing and other industries to 13 percent, and lower the rate in the transportation, construction, and other industries from 10 to 9 percent, thus ensuring that tax burdens in our main industries are meaningfully reduced; keep the lowest bracket rate unchanged at 6 percent, while adopting supporting measures, like increased tax deductions for producer and consumer services, to see that in all industries tax burdens only go down, not up; and continue making progress toward cutting the number of VAT brackets from three to two and simplifying the VAT system. We will ensure that the general-benefit tax cut policies issued at the start of the year for small and micro businesses are put into effect. Our moves to cut tax on this occasion aim at an accommodative effect to strengthen the basis for sustained growth while also considering the need to ensure fiscal sustainability; are a major measure to lighten the burden on businesses and boost market dynamism; are an important reform to improve the tax system and achieve better income distribution; and are the result of a major decision taken at the macro policy level in support of the efforts to ensure stable economic growth, employment, and structural adjustments.

明显降低企业社保缴费负担。下调城镇职工基本养老保险单位缴费比例，各地可降至16%。稳定现行征缴方式，各地在征收体制改革过程中不得采取增加小微企业实际缴费负担的做法，不得自行对历史欠费进行集中清缴。继续执行阶段性降低失业和工伤保险费率政策。今年务必使企业特别是小微企业社保缴费负担有实质性下降。加快推进养老保险省级统筹改革，继续提高企业职工基本养老保险基金中央调剂比例、划转部分国有资本充实社保基金。我们既要减轻企业缴费负担，又要保障职工社保待遇不变、养老金合理增长并按时足额发放，使社保基金可持续、企业与职工同受益。公众号高斋翻译学堂 微博@高斋翻硕

We will significantly reduce enterprise contributions to social insurance schemes.

We will lower the share borne by employers for urban workers' basic aged-care insurance, and localities may cut contributions down to 16 percent. The social insurance premium collection methods currently in operation will be kept unchanged. No locality should take any measure that increases the burden on small and micro enterprises when reforming their collection systems, or require, on their own, that longstanding arrears be paid off in a lump sum. The current policy of reducing premiums for unemployment insurance and work injury compensation insurance will continue. This year, premium payments, particularly for small and micro businesses, must be substantively reduced.

We will speed up reforms in the provincial-level management of aged-care insurance funds, continue to increase the proportion of enterprise workers' basic pension funds under central government allocation, and replenish social security funds through the injection of state capital. We must reduce burdens on enterprises, but also ensure that employees' social security benefits remain unchanged and aged-care pensions increase as appropriate and are paid on time and in full, so that social security funds are sustainable and both enterprises and employees benefit.

确保减税降费落实到位。减税降费直击当前市场主体的痛点和难点，是既公平又有效率的政策。全年减轻企业税收和社保缴费负担近2万亿元。这会给各级财政带来很大压力。为支持企业减负，各级政府要过紧日子，想方设法筹集资金。中央财政要开源节流，增加特定国有金融机构和央企上缴利润，一般性支出压减5%以上、“三公”经费再压减3%左右，长期沉淀资金一律收回。地方政府也要主动挖潜，大力优化支出结构，多渠道盘活各类资金和资产。我们要切实让市场主体特别是小微企业有明显减税降费感受，坚决兑现对企业和社会的承诺，困难再多也一定要把这件大事办成办好。公众号高斋翻译学堂 微博@高斋翻硕 

We will ensure tax and fee cuts are fully implemented.

Tax cuts and fee reductions get right to the spot in tackling the pains and difficulties currently troubling market entities; as a policy option, they are both fair and efficient. This year, we will reduce the tax burdens on and social insurance contributions of enterprises by nearly 2 trillion yuan. This will create big pressure on government budgets at all levels. To support this lightening of the burden on enterprises, governments at all levels must tighten their belts and find workable means of raising funds.

The central government needs to increase revenue and reduce expenditures. Profits turned in by designated state-owned financial institutions and enterprises directly under the central government should be increased; general expenditures should be cut by over 5 percent, spending on official overseas visits, official vehicles, and official hospitality should be cut by another 3 percent, and all funds that have long stayed unused will be taken back.

Local governments also need to dig deep, take big steps to improve the mix of spending, and put various funds and assets to good use through multiple avenues.

We will let market entities, especially small and micro businesses, feel the weight of their burden being meaningfully lightened, honoring our promise to enterprises and society, and seeing that no matter the number of difficulties, this important job gets done and gets done well.