双语：《新时代的中国北斗》白皮书
新时代的中国北斗
（2022年11月）
中华人民共和国国务院新闻办公室
China’s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System in the New Era
The State Council Information Office of the People’s Republic of China
November 2022
目录
Contents
前言
Preamble
一、北斗发展进入新时代
I. BeiDou in the New Era
（一）走出自主发展的中国道路
1. A Path of Independent Development
（二）更好服务全球、造福人类
2. Better Services for the Whole World
（三）铸就新时代北斗精神
3. BeiDou Spirit in the New Era
（四）展望北斗发展新愿景
4. Outlook for the Future
二、跻身世界一流的中国北斗
II. A World-Class Navigation Satellite System
（一）核心技术自主研发
1. Independently Developed Core Technologies
（二）系统组成创新引领
2. Innovative System Configuration
（三）系统服务优质多样
3. Quality and Diverse Services
三、提高系统运行管理水平
III.Improving BDS Operation Management
（一）保障系统稳定运行
1. Ensuring Operational Reliability
（二）提升系统服务性能
2. Improving BDS Service Performance
（三）发布系统动态信息
3. Releasing the Latest Information on BDS
四、推动应用产业可持续发展
IV. Promoting Sustainable Development of the BDS Applications Industry
（一）制定实施产业发展战略
1. Putting in Place Industrial Development Strategies
（二）夯实产业发展根基
2. Laying a Solid Foundation for Industrial Development
（三）优化产业发展生态
3. Fostering a Sound Ecosystem for Industrial Development
（四）做强产业发展业态
4. Ways and Means to Promote Industrial Development
五、提升现代化治理水平
V. Upgrading BDS Governance
（一）创新组织管理体制机制
1. Updating the Systems and Mechanisms of Management
（二）以制度创新驱动科技创新
2. Promoting Technological Innovation Through System Reform
（三）推进卫星导航法治建设
3. Advancing Rule of Law in Satellite Navigation
（四）厚植发展人才优势
4. Fostering Talent for BDS
六、助力构建人类命运共同体
VI. Contributing to Building a Global Community of Shared Future
（一）促进多系统兼容共用
1. Increasing Compatibility and Interoperability of Diverse Systems
（二）广泛开展国际合作交流
2. Promoting International Cooperation and Exchanges
（三）推进加入国际标准体系
3. Promoting the Ratification of BDS by International Standards
（四）推动发展成果惠及全球
4. Enabling BDS Development to Benefit the Whole World
结束语
Conclusion
前言
Preamble
北斗卫星导航系统（以下简称北斗系统）是中国着眼于国家安全和经济社会发展需要，自主建设、独立运行的卫星导航系统。经过多年发展，北斗系统已成为面向全球用户提供全天候、全天时、高精度定位、导航与授时服务的重要新型基础设施。
The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) is a project built and operated by China as a component of the country’s national security and economic and social development strategy. After many years in development, it has become an important new element of China’s infrastructure, providing high-accuracy, round-the-clock positioning, navigation and timing services to global users in all weathers.
党的十八大以来，北斗系统进入快速发展的新时代。2020年7月31日，习近平总书记向世界宣布北斗三号全球卫星导航系统正式开通，标志着北斗系统进入全球化发展新阶段。从改革开放新时期到中国发展进入新时代，从北斗一号到北斗三号，从双星定位到全球组网，从覆盖亚太到服务全球，北斗系统与国家发展同频共振，与民族复兴同向同行。
From the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) held in 2012, BDS entered a new era of rapid development. On July 31, 2020, President Xi Jinping announced to the world that BDS-3 was officially commissioned – a sign that BDS began to provide global services. From the launch of reform and opening up in 1978 to the beginning of the new era, from BDS-1 to BDS-3, from two-satellite positioning to a configuration covering the entire globe, from serving the Asia-Pacific to serving the whole world, BDS has progressed together with China’s development and advanced the process of national rejuvenation.
新时代的中国北斗，既造福中国人民，也造福世界各国人民。北斗系统秉持“中国的北斗、世界的北斗、一流的北斗”发展理念，在全球范围内实现广泛应用，赋能各行各业，融入基础设施，进入大众应用领域，深刻改变着人们的生产生活方式，成为经济社会发展的时空基石，为卫星导航系统更好服务全球、造福人类贡献了中国智慧和力量。
In the new era, BDS benefits not only the Chinese people but also the people of other countries. A first-class navigation satellite system developed by China and dedicated to the world, it has been applied worldwide, integrated with global infrastructure, and introduced into mass markets, empowering industries and profoundly changing people’s lives and the way they work. It provides an essential spatiotemporal reference for economic and social development, contributing Chinese wisdom and strength to making navigation satellite systems better serve the world and benefit humanity.
新时代的中国北斗，展现了中国实现高水平科技自立自强的志气和骨气，展现了中国人民独立自主、自力更生、艰苦奋斗、攻坚克难的精神和意志，展现了中国特色社会主义集中力量办大事的制度优势，展现了胸怀天下、立己达人的中国担当。
In the new era, BDS demonstrates China’s resolve and confidence in striving for greater strength and self-reliance in science and technology. It embodies the Chinese people’s spirit and commitment to independence and self-reliance in overcoming difficulties through hard work, showcases the strength of China’s socialist system in pooling resources on major projects, and epitomizes China’s global vision and its sense of responsibility in helping others to achieve common development.
为介绍新时代中国北斗发展成就和未来愿景，分享中国北斗发展理念和实践经验，特发布本白皮书。
The Chinese government is publishing this white paper to present China’s achievements and vision in developing BDS, and to share its ideas and experience.
一、北斗发展进入新时代
I. BeiDou in the New Era
进入新时代，伴随着中国发展取得历史性成就、发生历史性变革，中国北斗走上高质量发展之路，机制体系、速度规模等不断实现新突破、迈上新台阶，创造了中国北斗耀苍穹的奇迹。
As China makes historic progress and undergoes historic transformations in the new era, BDS has also entered a new period of high-quality development, making further breakthroughs and reaching higher levels in its mechanisms and in the speed and scale of its deployment. It is a miracle created by China in the vault of the sky.
（一）走出自主发展的中国道路
1. A Path of Independent Development
中国立足国情国力，坚持自主创新、分步建设、渐进发展，不断完善北斗系统，走出一条从无到有、从有到优、从有源到无源、从区域到全球的中国特色卫星导航系统建设道路。
China has relied on independent innovation and taken a phased approach in developing BDS. Starting from scratch, the system has undergone steady improvements and upgrades, providing both active and passive positioning and expanding from regional to global coverage.
实施“三步走”发展战略。1994年，中国开始研制发展独立自主的卫星导航系统，至2000年底建成北斗一号系统，采用有源定位体制服务中国，成为世界上第三个拥有卫星导航系统的国家。2012年，建成北斗二号系统，面向亚太地区提供无源定位服务。2020年，北斗三号系统正式建成开通，面向全球提供卫星导航服务，标志着北斗系统“三步走”发展战略圆满完成。
The three-step BDS strategy. China began to develop its own navigation satellite system in 1994. BDS-1 entered service and began providing positioning services in China at the end of 2000. At this point, China became the third country in the world with a navigation satellite system. BDS-2 was completed in 2012, providing passive positioning services to the Asia-Pacific region. In 2020, BDS-3 was formally commissioned to provide satellite navigation services worldwide. This marked the successful conclusion of the three-step BDS strategy.
向全球时代加速迈进。2012年12月，北斗二号系统建成并提供服务，这是北斗系统发展的新起点。2015年3月，首颗北斗三号系统试验卫星发射。2017年11月，完成北斗三号系统首批2颗中圆地球轨道卫星在轨部署，北斗系统全球组网按下快进键。2018年12月，完成19颗卫星基本星座部署。2020年6月，由24颗中圆地球轨道卫星、3颗地球静止轨道卫星和3颗倾斜地球同步轨道卫星组成的完整星座完成部署。2020年7月，北斗三号系统正式开通全球服务，“中国的北斗”真正成为“世界的北斗”。
Accelerated progress towards a global era. In December 2012, BDS-2 entered into service, marking a new stage of development. In March 2015, China launched the first BDS-3 experimental satellite. In November 2017, the first two Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellites joined the BDS-3 system. The global deployment of the BDS configuration began to gather pace. In December 2018, China completed the primary deployment of 19 satellites. In June 2020, it completed the entire constellation deployment of 24 MEO satellites, three Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) satellites, and three Inclined Geosynchronous Orbit (IGSO) satellites. The next month, BDS-3 began to provide global services, upgrading BDS to a worldwide system.
（二）更好服务全球、造福人类
2. Better Services for the Whole World
新时代的中国北斗，以更好服务全球、造福人类为宗旨，进一步提高多种技术手段融合水平，不断提升多样化、特色化服务能力，大力推动北斗应用产业发展，全方位加强国际交流合作，更好满足经济社会发展和人民美好生活需要，更好实现共享共赢。
In the new era, BDS will provide better services around the globe for the benefit of all humanity. To this end, China will intensify integration of different technologies, improve its capacity for diversified and specialized services, promote industries engaged in BDS applications, and reinforce international cooperation and exchanges on all fronts. Through this process, we can promote economic and social development, meet the people’s desire for a better life, and share the results and benefits of BDS throughout the world.
——开放兼容。免费提供公开的卫星导航服务，持续提升全球公共服务能力。积极开展国际合作与交流，倡导和加强多系统兼容共用。
Open services and greater compatibility. BDS provides open, free satellite navigation services, and its ability to serve the public across the world is being constantly improved. Through active international cooperation and exchanges, China calls for and works towards greater compatibility and broader sharing among different navigation satellite systems.
——创新超越。坚持创新驱动发展战略，实现创新引领，提升自主发展能力。持续推动系统升级换代，融合新一代通信、低轨增强等新兴技术，推动与非卫星导航技术融合发展。
Innovation and upgrading. Under the innovation-driven development strategy, China is building up its capacity for independent development based on innovation. BDS is consistently being upgraded by adopting new and emerging technologies such as the latest communication technologies and low earth orbiter navigation augmentation. Efforts are also under way to incorporate non-satellite navigation technologies into its scope.
——优质服务。确保系统连续稳定运行，发挥特色服务优势，为全球用户提供优质的卫星导航服务。完善标准、政策法规、知识产权、宣传推广等体系环境建设，优化北斗产业生态。
Quality services. BDS ensures stable and uninterrupted operation, shows strength in specialized services, and delivers high-quality satellite navigation services to users worldwide. In order to foster a more enabling environment for BDS-related industries, China has improved relevant standards, policies and regulations, intellectual property rights protection, and dissemination and promotion.
——共享共赢。深化北斗系统应用推广，推进北斗产业高质量发展，融入千行百业，赋能生产生活。与世界共享中国卫星导航系统建设发展成果，实现互利互赢。
Sharing for the common good. China will expand BDS applications and promote higher quality in related industries, so that the system will be incorporated into every aspect of society and facilitate work and daily life. China shares the progress of its navigation satellite system with the rest of the world, with the goal of benefits for all.
（三）铸就新时代北斗精神
3. BeiDou Spirit in the New Era
在面对未知的艰辛探索中，中国北斗建设者披荆斩棘、接续奋斗，培育了“自主创新、开放融合、万众一心、追求卓越”的新时代北斗精神，生动诠释了以爱国主义为核心的民族精神和以改革创新为核心的时代精神，丰富了中国共产党人的精神谱系。
The BDS development team have worked hard through successive generations to surmount all difficulties in their research. In the new era, they have fostered a BeiDou spirit of independent innovation, openness and inclusiveness, unity of purpose, and pursuit of excellence. It is a telling example of China’s national spirit centered on patriotism and defined by reform and innovation in the new era. It also makes a fine addition to the CPC’s long line of inspiring principles.
自主创新是中国北斗的核心竞争力。北斗系统始终坚持自主创新、自主设计、自主建造、自主可控，把关键核心技术牢牢掌握在自己手中，这是中国北斗应对各种挑战、战胜各种困难的主动选择。
Independent innovation as the core competitive advantage. China has maintained independence in the research, design, construction and operation of BDS, keeping core technologies in key fields firmly in our own hands. This is the approach we have taken in confronting challenges and overcoming difficulties in the development of BDS.
开放融合是中国北斗的世界胸襟。北斗系统顺应开放的时代大势和融合的发展潮流，践行“让各国人民共享发展机遇和成果”的承诺，展现了登高望远的格局和美美与共的胸襟。
A global vision of openness and inclusiveness. The world is becoming increasingly open and integrated. By making BDS available worldwide, China honors its commitment to helping people of all countries share the opportunities and fruits of development. This clearly demonstrates China’s farsighted vision and its will to share the best it has to offer.
万众一心是中国北斗的成功密码。北斗系统是全体北斗建设者同舟共济、合作奉献的结果，是全国上下支持、各方力量协作的结果，生动诠释了中华民族团结拼搏的优良传统和中国人民深沉的家国情怀。
Unity of purpose for success. BDS is the fruit of the cooperation and dedication of its developers, the support of the whole nation, and the collaboration among all parties concerned. It embodies China’s great tradition of working together and the Chinese people’s deep love for their country.
追求卓越是中国北斗的永恒目标。北斗系统对标世界一流，“要做就做最好”，实现工程技术卓越、运行服务卓越、工程实施管理卓越，成为新时代中国的一个闪亮品牌。
The constant pursuit of excellence. China is striving to make BDS one of the best navigation satellite systems in the world by achieving excellence in technology, construction, management and services. It is designed to become one of China’s most recognizable brands in the new era.
（四）展望北斗发展新愿景
4. Outlook for the Future
面向未来，中国将建设技术更先进、功能更强大、服务更优质的北斗系统，建成更加泛在、更加融合、更加智能的综合时空体系，提供高弹性、高智能、高精度、高安全的定位导航授时服务，更好惠及民生福祉、服务人类发展进步。
In the years to come, China will further upgrade BDS technologies, functions and services. The goal is to create a comprehensive spatiotemporal system that is more extensive, more integrated, and more intelligent, and that provides flexible, smart, precise and secure navigation, positioning and timing services. In doing so, China will help improve people’s wellbeing and promote human progress.
建强北斗卫星导航系统，建成中国特色北斗系统智能运维管理体系，突出短报文、地基增强、星基增强、国际搜救等特色服务优势，不断提升服务性能、拓展服务功能，形成全球动态分米级高精度定位导航和完好性保障能力，向全球用户提供高质量服务。
In building a more powerful BDS, China will create its own smart and distinctive system for operation, maintenance and management, and gain a competitive edge in services such as short message communication, ground-based and satellite-based augmentation, and international search and rescue. By steadily improving the quality and increasing the scope of its services, BDS will build the capacity to provide global decimeter-level positioning and navigation with high integrity, thereby delivering better services to users worldwide.
推动北斗系统规模应用市场化、产业化、国际化发展，提供更加优质、更加多样的公共服务产品，进一步挖掘市场潜力、丰富应用场景、扩大应用规模，构建新机制，培育新生态，完善产业体系，加强国际产业合作，打造更加完整、更富韧性的产业链，让北斗系统发展成果更好惠及各国人民。
China will promote large-scale BDS applications and encourage their market-oriented, industrialized and globalized development to offer a broader range of public services of higher quality. We will further unleash market potential, expand application scenarios, increase application scale, create new mechanisms and dynamics, improve the industrial system, strengthen international industrial cooperation, and forge a fuller, more resilient industrial chain. The goal is to share our achievements in BDS development with people all over the world for their benefit.
构建国家综合定位导航授时体系，发展多种导航手段，实现前沿技术交叉创新、多种手段聚能增效、多源信息融合共享，推动服务向水下、室内、深空延伸，提供基准统一、覆盖无缝、弹性智能、安全可信、便捷高效的综合时空信息服务，推动构建人类命运共同体，建设更加美好的世界。
We will establish a comprehensive national system for positioning, navigation and timing services, develop a variety of navigation methods, and pursue cross-sector innovation in cutting-edge technologies, synergy of different methods for higher performance, and multi-source information fusion and sharing. We will extend BDS services to provide underwater, indoor and deep space coverage, and offer integrated spatiotemporal information services that are based on unified reference and seamless coverage, and are flexible, intelligent, secure, reliable, convenient and efficient. This will contribute to building a global community of shared future and make the world a better place to live.
二、跻身世界一流的中国北斗
II. A World-Class Navigation Satellite System
中国北斗的建设发展，始终锚定世界一流目标，坚持创新引领、追求卓越，不断实现自我超越。中国的北斗，技术先进、设计领先、功能强大，是世界一流的全球卫星导航系统。
Aiming to build a world-class global navigation satellite system, China has adhered to an innovation-oriented approach, pursued excellence and kept improving its technologies. BDS is now a top-class system characterized by cutting-edge technologies, pioneering design, and powerful functions.
（一）核心技术自主研发
1. Independently Developed Core Technologies
中国从自身实际出发，因应世界卫星导航发展趋势，从星座构型、技术体制、服务功能等方面创新系统设计，攻克混合星座、星间链路、信号体制设计等多项核心关键技术，在全球范围实现一流能力。
China has achieved innovations in the constellation configuration, technology systems and service functions of the navigation satellite system conforming to international norms. It has made breakthroughs and reached a world-leading level in several core technologies in terms of hybrid constellation, inter-satellite links, and signal structure.
创新星座构型。首创中高轨混合异构星座，高轨卫星单星覆盖区域大、抗遮挡能力强，中轨卫星星座全球运行、全球覆盖，是实现全球服务的核心，各轨道卫星优势互补，既能实现全球覆盖，又能加强区域能力。
Innovative constellation configuration. China is the first country to adopt a hybrid navigation constellation in medium and high earth orbits. A satellite in a high orbit covers a larger area and has a better anti-shielding capability; those in medium orbits offer global coverage, and are core to providing global services. By complementing each other, satellites in multiple orbits have a greater capability to serve not only the region, but also the entire world.
构建星间链路。首次通过星间链路实现卫星与卫星之间、卫星与地面之间一体化组网运行，实现星间高精度测量和数据传输，基于国内布站条件提供全球运行服务。
Inter-satellite links. This is China’s first inter-satellite and satellite-ground joint network, thus realizing high-precision measurement and data transmission through inter-satellite links, and providing global services based on domestic ground stations.
优化信号体制。突破调制方式、多路复用、信道编码等关键技术，率先实现全星座三频服务，实现导航定位功能与通信数传功能、基本导航信息与差分增强信息的融合设计，信号测距精度、抗干扰和抗多径等性能达到世界一流水平，实现与其他卫星导航系统的兼容共用并支持多样化特色服务。
Optimized signal structure. With breakthroughs in core technologies such as modulation, multiplexing, and channel coding, BDS takes the lead in using triple-frequency signals, in integrating navigation and positioning with communication functions, and in providing both basic navigation information and differential augmentation information. It has reached world-class level in signal ranging accuracy, anti-interference performance, and anti-multipath capabilities. It is compatible with other navigation satellite systems and capable of providing diversified and specialized services.
（二）系统组成创新引领
2. Innovative System Configuration
北斗系统由空间段、地面段和用户段组成。其中，空间段由中圆地球轨道、地球静止轨道、倾斜地球同步轨道等三种轨道共30颗卫星组成；地面段由运控系统、测控系统、星间链路运行管理系统，以及国际搜救、短报文通信、星基增强和地基增强等多种服务平台组成；用户段由兼容其他卫星导航系统的各类终端及应用系统组成。
BDS is composed of a space segment, a ground segment, and a user segment:
– The space segment comprises 30 satellites located in three types of orbit – MEO, GEO and IGSO;
– The ground segment mainly consists of the operation control system, the telemetry tracking and command system, the inter-satellite link operation management system, and various service platforms for international search and rescue, short message communication, satellite-based augmentation, and ground-based augmentation.
– The user segment consists of terminals and applications compatible with other navigation satellite systems.
北斗系统星间星地一体组网，是中国首个实现全球组网运行的航天系统，显著提升了中国航天科研生产能力，有力推动中国宇航技术跨越式发展。
Building the BDS integrated inter-satellite and satellite-ground network, China’s first aerospace system offering global network services, has led to remarkable improvements in China’s aerospace R&D capability, and leapfrog progress in China’s aerospace technology.
组批生产能力卓越。创新星地产品研制和星箭制造，研制运载火箭上面级、导航卫星专用平台，实现星箭批量生产、密集发射、快速组网，以两年半时间18箭30星的中国速度完成全球星座部署，创造世界导航卫星组网新纪录。
Outstanding batch production capability. Innovations have been introduced in the research and manufacturing of satellite-ground equipment as well as satellites and launch vehicles. Carrier rocket upper stages and navigation satellite platforms have been developed to enable batch production, intensive launch of satellites and rockets, and fast constellation deployment. In less than three years, 18 rockets deployed 30 satellites into orbit, a pace unmatched by any other country.
关键器件自主可控。实现宇航级存储器、星载处理器、大功率微波开关、行波管放大器、固态放大器等器部件国产化研制，北斗系统核心器部件100%自主可控，为北斗系统广泛应用奠定了坚实基础。
Independent development and operation of key components. Components such as aerospace-grade memory chips, satellite-borne processors, high-power microwave switches, traveling-wave tube amplifiers, and solid-state amplifiers have been developed and produced independently by China. The 100 percent independent development and operation of BDS core components has laid a solid foundation for its widespread use.
（三）系统服务优质多样
3. Quality and Diverse Services
北斗系统服务性能优异、功能强大，可提供多种服务，满足用户多样化需求。其中，向全球用户提供定位导航授时、国际搜救、全球短报文通信等三种全球服务；向亚太地区提供区域短报文通信、星基增强、精密单点定位、地基增强等四种区域服务。
With its powerful functions and reliable performance, BDS is able to provide a wide range of services to meet various requirements. It mainly provides positioning, navigation, timing, international search and rescue, and short message communication services to global users, while it offers short message communication, satellite-based augmentation, precise point positioning, and ground-based augmentation services to users in the Asia-Pacific.
定位导航授时服务。通过30颗卫星，免费向全球用户提供服务，全球范围水平定位精度优于9米、垂直定位精度优于10米，测速精度优于0.2米/秒、授时精度优于20纳秒。
Positioning, navigation and timing. Through 30 satellites, BDS offers free services to users across the world. Its positioning accuracy is better than 9 meters horizontally and 10 meters vertically, its velocity measurement accuracy is higher than 0.2 meters per second, and its timing is accurate to less than 20 nanoseconds.
国际搜救服务。通过6颗中圆地球轨道卫星，旨在向全球用户提供符合国际标准的遇险报警公益服务。创新设计返向链路，为求救者提供遇险搜救请求确认服务。
International search and rescue. Through six MEO satellites, BDS provides, free of charge, a global distress alert service that meets international standards. Return links have been designed so that rescue requesters can receive confirmation messages.
全球短报文通信服务。北斗系统是世界上首个具备全球短报文通信服务能力的卫星导航系统，通过14颗中圆地球轨道卫星，为特定用户提供全球随遇接入服务，最大单次报文长度560比特（40个汉字）。
Global short message communication. BDS is the first navigation satellite system to provide a global short message communication service. Through 14 MEO satellites, it provides a global random-access service to specific users with a maximum single message length of 560 bits (40 Chinese characters).
区域短报文通信服务。北斗系统是世界上首个面向授权用户提供区域短报文通信服务的卫星导航系统，通过3颗地球静止轨道卫星，为中国及周边地区用户提供数据传输服务，最大单次报文长度14000比特（1000个汉字），具备文字、图片、语音等传输能力。
Regional short message communication. BDS is the first navigation satellite system to provide a regional short message communication service for authorized users. Through three GEO satellites, it provides a data transmission service to users in China and neighboring areas with a maximum single message length of 14,000 bits (1,000 Chinese characters). It can transmit texts, graphics and audio.
星基增强服务。创新集成设计星基增强服务，通过3颗地球静止轨道卫星，旨在向中国及周边地区用户提供符合国际标准的Ⅰ类精密进近服务，支持单频及双频多星座两种增强服务模式，可为交通运输领域提供安全保障。
Satellite-based augmentation. Through three GEO satellites, BDS provides users in China and neighboring areas with a Category I precision approach service that meets international standards. It supports both single-frequency and dual-frequency multi-constellation augmentation, providing greater security for the transport sector.
精密单点定位服务。创新集成设计精密单点定位服务，通过3颗地球静止轨道卫星，免费向中国及周边地区用户提供定位精度水平优于30厘米、高程优于60厘米，收敛时间优于30分钟的高精度定位增强服务。
Precise point positioning. Through three GEO satellites, BDS provides users in China and neighboring areas with a cost-free high-precision positioning augmentation service. Its positioning accuracy is better than 30 centimeters horizontally and 60 centimeters vertically, and its convergence time is less than 30 minutes.
地基增强服务。建成地面站全国一张网，向行业和大众用户提供实时米级、分米级、厘米级和事后毫米级高精度定位增强服务。
Ground-based augmentation. Network ground stations have been built across China to provide real-time meter-level, decimeter-level, centimeter-level, and post-processing millimeter-level positioning augmentation services for industrial users and the general public.
三、提高系统运行管理水平
III. Improving BDS Operation Management
作为负责任的航天大国，中国不断提高北斗系统运行管理水平，保障系统连续稳定运行、保持系统性能稳步提升、保证系统信息公开透明，确保系统持续、健康、快速发展，提供高稳定、高可靠、高安全、高质量的时空信息服务。
As a major player in the aerospace industry that takes its responsibilities seriously, China continues to improve BDS operation management and the system’s performance. It ensures continuous and stable operation, open and transparent information, and sustained, healthy and rapid development of the BDS system, so as to provide reliable, secure and high-quality spatiotemporal information services.
（一）保障系统稳定运行
1. Ensuring Operational Reliability
稳定运行是卫星导航系统的生命线。中国北斗坚持系统思维，构建以齐抓共管多方联保为组织特色、星地星间全网管控为系统特色、软硬协同智能运维为技术特色的中国特色北斗系统运行管理体系，融“常态保障、平稳过渡、监测评估、智能运维”为一体，为系统连续稳定运行提供了基本保障。
Stable operation is vital to a navigation satellite system. Applying systems thinking, China has built a BDS operation management system with Chinese characteristics, organized on the basis of multi-party support, providing a joint inter-satellite and satellite-ground network control as its system feature, and hardware-software coordination and intelligent operation and maintenance as its technical feature. The system integrates regularized operation management support, smooth transition, comprehensive monitoring and assessment, and intelligent operation and maintenance, providing basic support for continuous and stable operation.
强化常态保障。完善多方联合保障、运行状态会商、设备巡检维护等制度机制，建立协同顺畅、信息共享、决策高效的工作流程，不断提升常态化运行管理保障能力。
Strengthening regularized support. China is improving the mechanisms for multi-party joint support, consultation on operation status, and equipment inspection and maintenance, and building a smooth and coordinated workflow that shares information and facilitates efficient decision-making, to constantly improve regularized support for BDS operation management.
确保平稳过渡。从空间段、地面段、用户段等方面，有序实施从北斗二号向北斗三号的平稳过渡，保障用户无需更换设备，以最小代价享受系统升级服务。
Ensuring smooth transition. In terms of the space segment, ground segment and user segment, China has realized smooth and orderly transition from BDS-2 to BDS-3 and ensured that users do not need to replace equipment and can enjoy upgraded services at minimal cost.
加强监测评估。统筹优化北斗系统全球连续监测评估资源配置，对系统星座状态、信号精度、信号质量和服务性能等进行全方位、常态化监测评估，及时准确掌握系统运行服务状态。
Reinforcing monitoring and assessment. China is improving resource allocation for continuous global monitoring and assessment of BDS. It carries out comprehensive and regularized monitoring and assessment of the configuration status, signal accuracy, signal quality and service performance of the system, to obtain timely and accurate information on its operation and service status.
提升运维水平。充分利用大数据、人工智能、云计算等新技术，构建北斗系统数据资源池，促进系统运行、监测评估、空间环境等多源数据融通，实现信息按需共享，提升系统智能化运行管理水平。
Boosting operation and maintenance. China makes full use of big data, artificial intelligence, cloud computing and other new technologies to build a BDS data pool. It integrates data from multiple sources such as system operation, monitoring and assessment, and space environment, provides on-demand information sharing, and strengthens intelligent operation management of the system.
（二）提升系统服务性能
2. Improving BDS Service Performance
更高精度、更稳运行是北斗系统的不懈追求。中国北斗坚持稳中求进，在系统状态、时空基准、应用场景等方面持续用力，推动系统服务能力不断提升、服务场域不断拓展、服务品质不断升级。
Higher accuracy and reliability are constant priorities. Always seeking progress while ensuring stability, China makes constant efforts to improve the BDS system status, provide a better spatiotemporal reference, and increase application scenarios. It will continue to raise the capability of the system, expanding its service domains and upgrading its service quality.
升级系统状态。实施地面设备升级改造，按需更新在轨卫星软件，动态优化星地处理模型和算法，持续加强星间星地一体化网络运行能力，不断提升空间信号精度与质量，实现服务性能稳中有升。
Upgrading the system. China will upgrade and transform ground-based facilities, renew the software of in-orbit satellites as needed, and refine satellite-ground processing models and algorithms. It will continue to strengthen the capacity of the integrated inter-satellite and satellite-ground network, and elevate the accuracy and quality of space signals, to ensure a steady improvement in BDS service performance.
建强时空基准。建立与维持北斗系统高精度时间基准，持续开展与其他卫星导航系统时差监测，在导航电文中播发，加强与其他卫星导航系统时间系统互操作。北斗坐标系统与国际大地参考框架保持对齐，加强与其他卫星导航系统坐标系统互操作。
A better spatiotemporal reference. China will establish and maintain a high-accuracy BDS time reference and carry out the monitoring of clock bias against other navigation satellite systems. Time biases will be broadcast in navigation messages. It will increase interoperability between the BDS time and the time of other navigation satellite systems. The BDS coordinate system will remain aligned with the International Terrestrial Reference Frame, and increase interoperability with other navigation satellite systems in this regard.
拓展服务场域。开展多手段导航能力建设，实现弹性定位导航授时服务功能。开展北斗地月空间服务应用探索和试验，推动北斗服务向深空延展。突破导航通信融合系列关键技术，提升复杂环境和人类活动密集区服务能力。
Expanding service domains. China will strengthen the multi-approach navigation capability of BDS and enable the system to provide flexible positioning, navigation and timing services. It will carry out exploration and tests of cislunar space service applications, and extend the BDS service capacity into deep space. It will work for breakthroughs in key technologies in integrating navigation and communication, and improve the system’s capacity to provide services in complex environments and densely populated areas.
（三）发布系统动态信息
3. Releasing the Latest Information on BDS
发布系统信息是卫星导航系统提升用户感知度和信赖度的基本途径。中国北斗坚持公开透明，建设发布平台，完善发布机制，动态发布权威准确的系统信息，向全球用户提供负责任的服务。
Releasing system information is a basic means of strengthening users’ understanding of the navigation satellite system and increasing their trust. With regard to BDS, China applies the principle of openness and transparency. It is building information dissemination platforms, improving dissemination mechanisms, and publishing timely, authoritative and accurate information on the system, so as to provide services to global users in a responsible manner.
建设多渠道信息发布平台。通过北斗官方网站（www.beidou.gov.cn）、监测评估网站（www.csno-tarc.cn和www.igmas.org）、官方微信公众号（beidousystem）等渠道平台，发布系统建设运行、应用推广、国际合作、政策法规等相关信息。
Building multi-channel information releasing platforms. Through these platforms, China publishes information on BDS construction and operation, application and promotion, international cooperation, and relevant policies and regulations. These platforms include the official BDS website (www.beidou.gov.cn), monitoring and assessment websites (www.csno-tarc.cn; www.igmas.org) and the BDS WeChat official account (beidousystem).
发布系统服务文件。更新发布北斗公开服务信号接口控制文件，定义北斗系统卫星与用户终端之间的接口关系，规范信号结构、基本特性、测距码、导航电文等内容，为全球研发北斗应用产品提供输入。更新发布公开服务性能规范，明确北斗系统公开服务覆盖范围和性能指标。
Releasing BDS service documents. China regularly updates and releases interface control documentation on BDS open services, defines the interface specifications between BDS satellites and user terminals, and specifies the signal structure, basic characteristics, ranging codes, navigation messages and other content, so as to provide inputs for global BDS product development efforts. It updates and releases the open service performance standards, and specifies the coverage area and performance indexes of BDS open services.
发布系统状态信息。及时发布卫星发射入网、在轨测试、监测评估结果以及卫星退役退网等系统状态信息。在采取可能影响用户服务的计划操作之前，适时向国内外用户发布通告。
Releasing information on system status. China releases timely system status information about satellite launches and commissioning, in-orbit tests, monitoring and assessment outcomes, and decommissioning. It also issues notifications to domestic and foreign users when appropriate before carrying out plans and operations that might affect user services.
四、推动应用产业可持续发展
IV. Promoting Sustainable Development of the BDS Applications Industry
新时代的中国北斗，坚持在发展中应用、在应用中发展，不断夯实产品基础、拓展应用领域、完善产业生态，持续推广北斗规模化应用，推动北斗应用深度融入国民经济发展全局，促进北斗应用产业健康发展，为经济社会发展注入强大动力。
In the new era, China has synergized the development and application of BDS. It has made continuous efforts to refine the products supporting the BDS industry, expand application fields, improve the industry ecosystem, and promote large-scale applications. BDS applications have been better integrated into the overall development of the national economy to promote the sound development of the BDS applications industry, so as to inject strong impetus into socioeconomic development.
（一）制定实施产业发展战略
1. Putting in Place Industrial Development Strategies
中国北斗坚持以用促建、建用并举，体系化设计北斗应用产业发展，工程化推进北斗行业和区域应用，不断深化北斗系统推广应用，推动北斗产业高质量发展。
China has placed equal importance on the development and application of BDS, and promotes development through applications. It has made a well-conceived blueprint for the development of the BDS applications industry. China strives to push forward BDS applications across industries and regions through various projects, promotes use of the BDS system, and boosts high-quality development of the BDS industry.
创新谋划应用产业总体思路。面对新时代、新形势、新要求，坚持以抓生态保障、抓共性基础、推应用产业为重心的总体思路，凝聚各方力量，形成齐抓共管、合力推动新局面。
Working out an innovative outline for BDS applications. Faced with new circumstances and requirements in the new era, China has focused its efforts on securing the industry ecosystem, developing basic and general-purpose technologies, and promoting the BDS applications industry. It has pooled strength from all sectors to create a new development dynamic based on concerted efforts and joint management.
加强产业发展规划设计。编制实施《全面加强北斗系统产业化应用发展总体方案》、北斗产业发展专项规划，各行业、各地区陆续出台实施北斗产业专项计划、专项行动，持续完善产业创新体系、融合应用体系、产业生态体系、全球服务体系。
Strengthening the planning and design of industrial development. China has formulated and implemented the Overall Plan for Comprehensively Promoting BDS Industrial Applications and a special plan for the development of the BDS industry. Various sectors and regions have made special plans and launched campaigns accordingly to improve the systems of industrial innovation, integrated applications, industrial ecosystems, and global services.
实施北斗产业化重大工程。按照统筹集约、突出重点、分类推进的原则，聚焦保安全、促创新、强产业，发挥重大工程的战略牵引作用，加快形成以市场为主导、企业为主体的北斗产业发展格局。
Implementing major projects of BDS industrial development. Focusing on ensuring security, encouraging innovation and developing industry, China has given play to the leveraging role of major projects to expedite the formation of a market-oriented and enterprise-based BDS industrial development framework. These efforts have advanced with a category-based approach following the principles of overall planning, intensive utilization, and prioritization.
（二）夯实产业发展根基
2. Laying a Solid Foundation for Industrial Development
中国北斗聚焦应用基础设施、应用基础产品和应用基础软件，加强应用基础平台建设，加大应用技术研发支持力度，不断夯实北斗应用产业发展根基。
In developing BDS applications, China has focused on infrastructure, basic products, and basic software. With strengthened efforts in developing basic platforms for BDS applications and intensified support for application technology R&D, a solid foundation has been laid for the steady development of the BDS applications industry.
完善应用基础设施。全面打造国际搜救、短报文通信、星基增强、地基增强等北斗特色服务平台，加强北斗特色服务与多种通信手段融合，拓展应用广度深度，为用户提供更加高效便捷的服务。
Improving infrastructure for BDS applications. China has established a set of platforms featuring BDS services including international search and rescue, short message communication, satellite-based augmentation, and ground-based augmentation. Featured BDS services have been more deeply integrated with various communication channels. With their expanding scope and depth, BDS applications have provided users with more efficient and convenient services.
研发应用基础产品。研制芯片、模块、天线等系列基础产品，实现北斗基础产品亿级量产规模。研发卫星导航与惯性导航、移动通信、视觉导航等多种手段融合的基础产品，增强应用弹性。
Developing basic products for BDS applications. China has developed a series of basic products such as chips, modules and antennas, and realized 100-million-scale manufacturing of BDS products. In addition, basic products that integrate satellite navigation and inertial navigation, mobile communication, visual navigation, and other means have also been developed to strengthen the resilience of BDS application solutions.
研发应用基础软件。加大自主研发力度，加强定位解算、模型开发、数据分析、设计仿真等共性基础技术软件化和工具化，推动应用基础软件可用好用。
Developing basic software for BDS applications. Through intensified efforts in independent research and development, China has made progress in turning basic generic technologies in areas such as positioning solutions, model development, data analysis, design, and simulation into software and tools, and ensuring that such software programs are functioning and easy to use.
（三）优化产业发展生态
3. Fostering a Sound Ecosystem for Industrial Development
中国北斗围绕标准规范、知识产权、检测认证、产业评估等，成体系打造要素完备、创新活跃、良性健康的产业生态，实现供应链、产业链、创新链、政策链共振耦合，推动应用产业集群发展。
By developing standards and norms, intellectual property rights, testing and certification, and industrial assessment in a systematic manner, China has created a sound industrial ecosystem for BDS applications with all necessary factors and a strong innovation capacity. With synergy across supply chains, industrial chains, innovation chains, and policy chains, the clustered development of the BDS applications industry has been pushed forward.
推进标准化建设。充分发挥标准的基础性、引领性作用，更新发布北斗卫星导航标准体系，加快北斗应用标准制（修）订。持续推动形成包括团体标准、行业标准、国家标准和国际标准在内的相互衔接、覆盖全面、科学合理的应用标准体系，推动产业优化升级。
Advancing standardization. Leveraging the foundational and guiding role of standardization, China has updated the BDS standards system, and expedited the formulation and revision of standards concerning BDS applications. To promote industrial upgrading, China has made continuous efforts to form a comprehensive and sound BDS application standards system that covers organizational, sectoral, national and international standards, and ensures that all these standards are integrated and compatible with each other.
加强知识产权保护。提升北斗卫星导航领域专利审查质量和效率，为北斗系统的专利布局提供支撑。激发北斗创新应用主体在知识产权创造、运用、保护、管理方面的动力和活力，提升中国卫星导航专利基础储备和应用转化能力。
Strengthening intellectual property protection. China has raised the quality and efficiency of BDS-related patent examination to strengthen the BDS patent portfolio. The stakeholders of innovative BDS applications have been motivated to create, utilize, protect and manage intellectual property rights, laying solid foundations for the future development and exploitation of China’s satellite navigation patents.
完善产品检测认证体系。强化北斗卫星导航产品检测认证顶层设计，构建检测认证公共服务网络平台，开展重点行业和领域北斗产品检测认证，提升产品质量水平，确保应用安全可靠。
Improving product testing and certification systems. China has strengthened top-level design for the testing and certification of BDS-related navigation products and has built a network of public service platforms for product testing and certification. In order to improve the quality of BDS applications and ensure security and reliability, testing and certification of BDS products has been organized in key industries and fields.
构建产业评估体系。面向重点行业、关键领域、主要区域、大众应用和国际应用，健全应用信息反馈机制，建立北斗应用产业评估机制，保障产业健康可持续发展。
Establishing an industrial assessment system. To ensure the healthy and sustainable development of the BDS applications industry, China has worked to improve the feedback mechanism for BDS applications and established an assessment system for key industries and fields, major regions, mass applications, and international applications.
提高产业发展协作水平。鼓励北斗产业联盟建设，加强产学研用协同合作，加强与市场需求对接。发挥相关行业协会、学会的政企桥梁纽带作用，促进交流合作和行业自律。
Reinforcing collaborative efforts. To better meet market demand, China has encouraged the building of a BDS industry alliance to expand channels that bring together enterprises, universities, research institutes, and end-users. Relevant industry associations and societies have been mobilized to play their role in bringing together the government and enterprises, so as to facilitate communication and cooperation while improving industry self-discipline.
打造产业集群。推动重点区域、重点城市结合国家战略和自身特点，全面布局北斗产业应用，巩固区域发展特色优势，形成以研发机构、骨干企业、特色园区为主体的北斗产业集群。
Building industrial clusters. Key regions and cities have been encouraged to deploy BDS applications extensively based on their own resource endowment, with due consideration given to national strategies. The objective is to consolidate the distinctive strengths of each region and create BDS industrial clusters with R&D institutions, key enterprises, and industrial parks as the mainstay.
（四）做强产业发展业态
4. Ways and Means to Promote Industrial Development
中国北斗广泛应用于经济社会发展各行业各领域，与大数据、物联网、人工智能等新兴技术深度融合，催生“北斗+”和“+北斗”新业态，支撑经济社会数字化转型和提质增效，让人民生活更便捷、更精彩。
BDS has been widely used in various industries and fields in China’s socioeconomic development. It has been deeply integrated with emerging technologies such as big data, the internet of things, and artificial intelligence, fostering new business forms based on BDS. Together these have underpinned digital socioeconomic transformation with improved quality and efficiency, adding convenience and color to people’s lives.
示范引领带动。瞄准具有较大应用规模、社会效益和经济效益显著的重要行业，结合国家发展战略，实施行业和区域示范应用，形成综合应用解决方案，带动北斗规模化应用。
Giving full play to the leading role of key industries. Some key industries that have the potential for scale application and significant socioeconomic benefits have been selected as pilot entities for BDS applications, along with their respective regions, with due consideration to national development strategies. In this way, China has worked out comprehensive solutions to push forward large-scale application of BDS.
融入关键领域。快速融入影响国计民生、社会公益，涉及国家安全、公共安全和经济安全的重要领域，实现应用更可靠、安全有保障。
Entering key fields. BDS has been swiftly applied to key fields that have a vital bearing on the national economy, people’s lives, public interest, national security, public security, and economic security, and has effectively improved the reliability and security of these fields.
赋能各行各业。深度融入信息基础设施、融合基础设施、创新基础设施等新型基础设施建设，广泛进入交通、能源、农业、通信、气象、自然资源、生态环境、应急减灾等重点行业，实现降本增效。
Empowering various industries and sectors. BDS has been deeply integrated into new infrastructure such as information infrastructure, integrated infrastructure, and innovative infrastructure, and has been widely used in key sectors such as transport, energy, agriculture, communications, meteorology, natural resources, the eco-environment, emergency management, and disaster mitigation, helping to reduce costs and increase efficiency.
走进千家万户。广泛进入大众消费、共享经济和民生领域，通过智能手机、车载终端、穿戴设备等应用产品，全面服务于绿色出行、外卖送餐、健康养老、儿童关爱、医疗教育等人民生活衣食住行方方面面。
Serving everyday life. Through applications such as smartphones, vehicle terminals, and wearable devices, BDS has been widely applied in daily life, the sharing economy, and areas that are important to public wellbeing. It comprehensively serves every aspect of people’s everyday life such as green travel, food delivery, elderly and child care, health care, and education.
(新华社发)
The Fast Growing BDS Applications Industry
In 2021, the total output value of China’s satellite navigation and location-based service industry reached RMB470 billion.
In terms of product manufacturing, breakthroughs have been made in a series of key BDS technologies such as chips and modules, which has effectively driven up the shipment volume. By the end of 2021, there were more than 1 billion terminals using the BDS positioning function nationwide.
In terms of its applications, BDS has been widely applied to various industries and sectors, generating significant socioeconomic benefits. As of the end of 2021, BDS had been installed in more than 7.8 million road transport vehicles nationwide. Approximately 8,000 BDS terminals were in use on the country’s railway network, and more than 100,000 agricultural machines were equipped with self-driving systems based on BDS. BDS-based services in health care, epidemic prevention, remote monitoring and online services sectors were worth almost RMB200 billion.
BDS-based applications have shown their growing relevance in scenarios closely related to daily life, notably in smartphones and smart wearable devices. BDS has been widely supported by products from international mainstream chip manufacturers, including smartphone device suppliers. In 2021, 324 million Chinese smartphones supporting BDS services were shipped, accounting for 94.5 percent of the country’s total.
五、提升现代化治理水平
V. Upgrading BDS Governance
新时代的中国北斗，坚持制度创新、机制创新、发展创新，完善政策法规，优化组织管理，厚植人才优势，以改革创新驱动科技创新，充分发挥有效市场和有为政府作用，不断提升现代化治理水平。
China constantly upgrades its BDS governance in the new era. It has made consistent efforts to bring forward innovative ideas on systems, mechanisms and development methods, to improve policies and regulations, to optimize organization and management, to build up strengths in high-caliber professionals, to promote technological innovation through reform, and to better combine a well-functioning market with competent government.
（一）创新组织管理体制机制
1. Updating the Systems and Mechanisms of Management
中国立足北斗系统建设发展需求，科学统筹、优化机制，充分发挥国家制度优势，集中力量办大事，把政府、市场、社会等各方面力量汇聚起来，形成北斗事业发展强大合力。
Based on BDS development needs, China makes overall plans, improves relevant mechanisms, and maximizes its system strength in pooling resources from government, market and social sectors to achieve synergy in developing BDS.
创新工程建设组织管理。充分发挥北斗系统工程建设领导机构作用，构建多部门协同、责任清晰、分工明确、分级实施的组织管理体系，创建工程、应用、国际合作“三位一体”协同推进机制，确保北斗工程建设管理运行顺畅、协调高效、规范有序。
Improving management of the BDS project through innovation. To ensure that the BDS project is operating in a smooth, concerted, efficient, orderly and rule-based manner, China gives full play to the role of the project’s leading group, and has set up a management system in which various departments work in concert with clear divisions of tasks and responsibilities. It has also established a mechanism for promoting the coordinated progress of the project, its applications, and international cooperation.
建立统筹协调机制。加强基础设施建设、应用推广、国际合作、卫星频率轨道资源管理、知识产权保护、标准制定、人才队伍建设等方面的系统谋划和协调推进，构建全联动、大协调工作新格局。
Establishing a mechanism for overall planning and coordination. China makes systemic plans for BDS infrastructure construction, application and promotion, international cooperation, management of satellite radio frequencies and orbits, intellectual property rights protection, standards formulation, and human resource development, and ensures their concerted progress, creating a closely connected and well-coordinated framework.
（二）以制度创新驱动科技创新
2. Promoting Technological Innovation Through System Reform
中国深入实施创新驱动发展战略，坚持科技创新与制度创新“双轮驱动”，建立健全卫星导航科技创新动力机制，加快推进科技创新。
In advancing its innovation-driven development, China relies on innovation in both technology and systems. To speed up technological innovation, it has established and is now improving a mechanism for propelling innovation in satellite navigation technology.
建立原始集成协同创新机制。秉承自主创新、开放交流的发展原则，培育卫星导航科技原始创新发源地，超前部署战略性、基础性、前瞻性科学技术研究，构建先进的技术攻关体系和产品研发体系。适应北斗与新一代信息技术深度融合发展要求，分阶段组织、增量式发展、多功能集成，建立跨学科、跨专业、跨领域协同创新机制，汇聚创新资源和要素，激发创新发展的聚变效应。
Establishing a mechanism for original, integrated and collaborative innovation. Following the principle of independent innovation while remaining open to exchanges, China fosters original innovation bases for satellite navigation technologies, plans strategic, fundamental and forward-looking research, and builds up advanced systems for tackling key technological problems and promoting R&D in new products. To meet the need to fully integrate BDS with new-generation information technology, China adopts an approach of phased and incremental development and multifunctional integration, and operates a collaborative innovation mechanism across disciplines, subjects and fields to concentrate resources and factors for innovation and stimulate exponential development through innovation.
完善竞争择优的激励机制。以公开透明、公平竞争、互学互鉴为原则，创建多家参与、产品比测、综合评估、动态择优的竞争机制，既保持竞争压力，又充分调动各方积极性，实现高质量、高效益、低成本、可持续发展。
Improving an incentive mechanism that encourages competition. Upholding the principles of transparency, fair play, and mutual learning, China operates a competitive mechanism in which the best products are selected from multiple enterprises based on comparison of specifications and comprehensive assessment. This can apply appropriate pressure on market players while maintaining their enthusiasm, and thus help to achieve sustainable development, high quality and efficiency, and low cost.
完善科研生产组织体系。强化数字工程等新技术引领，构建智能化试验验证评估体系。优化“研制、测评、改进、再验证”迭代演进科研生产流程，创建适应多星、多箭、多站同期研发、组批生产新模式，提升星地一体快速组网能力。
Upgrading the system for organizing research and production. China strengthens the leading role of digitalization and other new technologies, and builds smart systems of testing, verification and assessment. It optimizes the research and production procedures that evolve from R&D, verification, improvement to reverification, under a new model that adapts to synchronous R&D and batch production of multiple satellites, multiple rockets, and multiple stations, and increases the capability for fast deployment between space and ground.
（三）推进卫星导航法治建设
3. Advancing Rule of Law in Satellite Navigation
中国统筹发展与安全、统筹当前和长远、统筹国内法治与涉外法治，全方位构建中国卫星导航法治体系，积极参与卫星导航全球治理，为北斗系统持续健康发展营造良好内外环境。
In order to create a favorable domestic and international environment for the sustainable and healthy development of BDS, China has established a comprehensive legal framework for satellite navigation and taken part in global governance balancing considerations of development and security, current and future interests, and laws governing domestic and foreign-related matters.
加快推进卫星导航立法。研究制定《中华人民共和国卫星导航条例》，规范和加强卫星导航活动管理，健全卫星导航系统建设、运行服务、应用管理、国际合作、安全保障等配套制度，不断完善卫星导航法律制度体系。
Accelerating satellite navigation legislation. China is constantly building up the legal system of satellite navigation. The Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Satellite Navigation has been promulgated to regulate and strengthen the management of relevant activities. Support rules concerning system construction, operation and services, applications management, international cooperation, and security guarantees have also seen substantial improvement.
持续优化营商环境。坚持市场化、法治化、国际化原则，规范卫星导航市场秩序，持续净化市场环境，保护市场主体权益，优化政府服务，营造稳定、公平、透明、可预期的营商环境，激发市场活力和发展动力。
Continuing to improve the business environment. Committed to a business environment that is based on market principles, governed by law, and meets international standards, China has taken measures to regulate satellite navigation market order, create an enabling environment to protect market players’ rights and interests, and improve government services. These have provided a stable, fair, transparent and predictable business environment, boosting market dynamism and development drive.
规范卫星导航活动。根据空间物体登记规定，及时准确完整报送北斗卫星信息。依法办理相关无线电频率使用许可、空间无线电执照和卫星地球站执照。依法保护北斗系统频谱使用，严禁生产、销售或使用卫星导航非法干扰设备，依法查处非法干扰行为。
Regulating satellite navigation activities. Accurate and full information about BDS satellites is reported in a timely manner in line with the provisions on the registration of objects launched into outer space. Licenses for BDS radio frequencies, space radios, and ground stations are also issued in accordance with the law. The radio frequency bands used by BDS are protected by law, and the production, sale, or operation of any type of jamming equipment that interferes with satellite navigation is strictly prohibited and will be investigated and punished in accordance with the law.
参与卫星导航全球治理。践行共商共建共享的全球治理观，在全球卫星导航系统国际委员会（ICG）框架下处理卫星导航国际事务，参与卫星导航国际规则制定，推动卫星导航国际秩序朝着更加公正合理的方向发展。
Taking part in global governance of satellite navigation. In this field, China follows the principle of achieving shared growth through consultation and collaboration in global governance. It handles affairs concerning international interests within the framework of the International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG) and participates in formulating relevant international rules, contributing to a fairer and more equitable international order in satellite navigation.
（四）厚植发展人才优势
4. Fostering Talent for BDS
人才是发展和创新的第一资源。中国北斗坚持用事业培养人才、团结人才、引领人才、成就人才，不断壮大人才队伍、发挥人才优势，为卫星导航事业发展注入不竭动力。
Talent is the resource of paramount importance for development and innovation. BDS always cultivates, attracts and guides talented individuals through its development, and encourages them to succeed. It has consistently expanded its personnel pool and given full play to their strengths, sustaining the industry with quality human resources.
建强人才队伍。完善定位导航授时相关领域人才培养体系，健全人才培养、交流和激励机制，构建人才培养平台，推动建设国家重点实验室，壮大跨学科、复合型、国际化人才队伍。
Training competent professionals. China has updated its talent training framework in the fields relating to BDS positioning, navigation and timing. It has improved talent training, exchange and incentive mechanisms, set up platforms for talent growth, built national key laboratories, and enlarged the team of professionals with interdisciplinary training and a global vision.
促进学术繁荣。面向定位导航授时前沿技术和产业发展需求，深化定位导航授时基础理论和应用研究，加强定位导航授时学术交流，多措并举提升科技创新能力和水平。
Creating academic prosperity. To meet the requirements in developing frontier technologies in positioning, navigation and timing and the satellite navigation industry, China has strengthened research on basic theories and applications, and increased academic exchanges to raise the capacity for scientific and technological innovation.
推进科普教育。持续推动科普教育基地建设，注重打造体验式科普场景，开展科普活动，出版科普读物，丰富科普内容，促进定位导航授时知识大众化、普及化，激发全民探索科学、探索时空的热情。
Spreading scientific knowledge. China is continuing to build popular science bases, create immersive scenarios for experiential learning, carry out relevant activities, and publish content-rich books to spread knowledge about positioning, navigation and timing, and arouse the public’s interest in science, especially in the fields related to time and space.
六、助力构建人类命运共同体
VI. Contributing to Building a Global Community of Shared Future
卫星导航是全人类的共同财富。中国坚持开放融合、协调合作、兼容互补、成果共享，积极开展北斗系统国际合作，推进北斗应用国际化进程，让北斗系统更好服务全球、造福人类，助力构建人类命运共同体。
Navigation satellite systems are the common wealth of humanity. Following the principles of openness, integration, coordination, cooperation, compatibility, complementarity and sharing, China has carried out active international cooperation on BDS and advanced its international applications. This will enable the system to better serve the world, benefit humanity, and contribute to building a global community of shared future.
（一）促进多系统兼容共用
1. Increasing Compatibility and Interoperability of Diverse Systems
中国积极倡导和持续促进卫星导航系统间兼容与互操作，积极开展频率轨位协调与磋商，共同提高卫星导航系统服务水平，为全球用户提供更加优质多样、安全可靠的服务。
In order to provide users with more high-quality, diverse, secure and reliable services, China is active in advocating and advancing the compatibility and interoperability of different navigation satellite systems, carrying out coordination and consultation on the utilization of frequency and orbital slot resources, and working with other countries to make improvements.
倡导兼容与互操作合作。持续推进北斗系统与其他卫星导航系统、星基增强系统的兼容与互操作，促进卫星导航系统兼容共用，实现资源共享、优势互补、技术进步。建立卫星导航多双边合作机制，持续开展兼容与互操作协调，与其他国家就卫星导航系统和星基增强系统开展合作与交流，促进各卫星导航系统的共同发展。
Stepping up cooperation for better compatibility and interoperability. China continues to promote compatibility and interoperability between BDS and other navigation satellite systems and satellite-based augmentation systems, and to strengthen the compatibility and joint applications with other navigation satellite systems, so as to achieve resource sharing, complementarity and advances in technology. China works to establish bilateral and multilateral cooperation mechanisms in the field of satellite navigation, coordinates compatibility and interoperability efforts, and carries out active cooperation and exchanges with other countries on navigation satellite systems and satellite-based augmentation systems, in a bid to achieve common development of all navigation satellite systems around the world.
开展频率轨位协调与磋商。遵循国际电信联盟规则，维护卫星网络申报协调国际秩序，通过多双边友好协商开展卫星导航频率轨位协调与磋商。积极参与国际组织主导的技术和标准研究制定，与相关国家共同维护、使用和拓展卫星导航频率轨位资源。
Carrying out coordination and consultation on the utilization of frequency and orbital slot resources. Abiding by the International Telecommunication Union rules, China works to safeguard the international order in terms of satellite network application and coordination and to facilitate coordination and consultation on navigation satellite frequencies and orbital slots through bilateral and multilateral negotiations. China is also an active participant in technological research and standards formulation led by international organizations, and joins with other countries to safeguard, utilize and expand navigation satellite frequency and orbital slot resources.
（二）广泛开展国际合作交流
2. Promoting International Cooperation and Exchanges
中国深化国际合作机制，共拓国际合作渠道，打造国际合作平台，建立国际合作窗口，持续扩大北斗系统国际“朋友圈”，不断提升卫星导航全球应用水平。
China continues to expand the circle of international BDS friends and improve its global applications through measures such as strengthening cooperation mechanisms, increasing cooperation channels, and establishing cooperation platforms and windows.
深度参与卫星导航国际事务。参加联合国框架下系列活动，举办全球卫星导航系统国际委员会大会，参与议题研究，研提合作建议，发起合作倡议，共商共促世界卫星导航事业发展。
Stepping up participation in international satellite navigation affairs. China has attended activities under the framework of the United Nations, and hosted ICG meetings. It also participates actively in research projects and proposes cooperation initiatives in this area, and works with other countries to promote global satellite navigation through extensive consultation.
开展多双边合作交流。与东盟、阿盟等区域组织和非洲、拉美等地区的国家开展合作与交流，举办北斗/GNSS合作论坛，发布应用场景，推介解决方案，提高国际应用水平。
Carrying out bilateral and multilateral cooperation and exchanges. China conducts cooperation and exchanges with regional organizations such as ASEAN and the League of Arab States, and countries in Africa, Latin America and elsewhere. It holds BDS/GNSS cooperation forums and provides application scenarios and solutions, so as to expand international applications of BDS.
深化测试评估合作。联合开展北斗及其他全球卫星导航系统定位导航授时、短报文通信、国际搜救等服务性能测试评估，发布测试评估报告，增进用户对卫星导航系统状态和服务性能的了解，增强用户信心，提高合作水平。
Extending cooperation in testing and assessment. China collaborates with other countries to conduct testing and assessment on the performance of BDS and other global navigation satellite systems in positioning, navigation, timing, short message communication, international search and rescue, and other areas. It issues testing and assessment reports to increase users’ knowledge and confidence about the conditions and performance of navigation satellite systems, strengthening cooperation in this area.
搭建国际教育培训平台。持续开展卫星导航相关专业国际学生学历教育，特别是硕士及博士生教育。依托联合国空间科技教育亚太区域中心（中国）、北斗/GNSS中心、北斗国际交流培训中心等平台，积极开展卫星导航培训，为国际社会特别是发展中国家培养卫星导航人才，促进国际卫星导航能力建设。
Establishing international education and training platforms. China continues to promote academic education of international students, especially at master’s and doctoral levels, in disciplines related to satellite navigation. Relying on platforms such as the Regional Center for Space Science and Technology Education in Asia and the Pacific (China) affiliated to the United Nations, the BeiDou International Exchange and Training Center, and various BDS/GNSS centers, China actively carries out satellite navigation training activities to cultivate talent and build professional capacity in the field for the international community and in particular for developing countries.
广泛开展国际学术交流。做强中国卫星导航年会和北斗规模应用国际峰会等交流平台，持续提升国际影响力。积极参加国际卫星导航领域学术交流活动，促进国际卫星导航技术进步。
Conducting international academic exchanges. Through strengthening international exchange platforms such as the China Satellite Navigation Conference and the International Summit on BDS Applications, China has constantly expanded the global influence of BDS. China also takes an active part in international academic exchange events in the field of satellite navigation and makes contribution to advances in satellite navigation technology worldwide.
（三）推进加入国际标准体系
3. Promoting the Ratification of BDS by International Standards
中国持续推动北斗系统进入国际标准组织、行业和专业应用等标准组织，使北斗系统更好服务全球用户与相关行业发展。
China is making every effort to have BDS ratified by international standards organizations and standards organizations in the industrial and specialized application sectors, so that the system can better serve global users and support relevant industries.
国际民航领域标准。北斗系统相关技术指标通过国际民航组织验证，满足国际民航领域标准要求，具备为全球民用航空用户提供定位导航授时服务的能力。
International civil aviation standards. The technical indicators of BDS have passed the authentication of the International Civil Aviation Organization, indicating that the system conforms with international civil aviation standards and is qualified to provide positioning, navigation and timing services for global users in the civil aviation sector.
国际海事领域标准。北斗系统成为世界无线电导航系统重要组成部分，取得面向海事应用的国际合法地位。北斗船载接收设备检测标准正式发布，为国际海事设备制造商提供设计、生产和检测依据。北斗短报文通信服务加入国际海事组织全球海上遇险与安全系统稳步推进。
International maritime standards. BDS has become an integral part of the global radio-navigation system and gained legal status in maritime applications worldwide. China has released the official standards for BDS shipborne receiver equipment, providing criteria on the design, production and testing of relevant maritime equipment for global manufacturers. The BDS short message communication service is making steady progress in aligning with the global maritime distress and safety system of the International Maritime Organization.
国际搜救领域标准。发布搜救卫星应急示位标国际标准。推动北斗返向链路纳入全球搜救卫星系统组织标准，开展返向链路国际兼容共用协调。
International search and rescue standards. China has issued an international standard for satellite emergency locators. It is also endeavoring to enable the BDS return link service to be ratified by the Cospas-Sarsat, and working on international compatibility and joint application of the return link service.
国际移动通信领域标准。国际移动通信第三代合作伙伴计划制定发布支持北斗信号的技术标准、性能标准和一致性测试标准，为2G、3G、4G、5G移动通信系统和终端使用北斗网络辅助定位和高精度定位功能提供重要支持。
International mobile communication standards. The 3rd Generation Partnership Project has issued technical, performance and consistency testing standards that support BDS signals, enabling 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G networks and terminals to use BDS to achieve aided positioning and high-accuracy positioning.
国际数据交换标准。推动北斗进入高精度差分服务、通用数据交换格式、定位信息输出协议等接收机国际通用数据标准。
International data exchange standards. China is working to incorporate BDS into international general standards for data receivers in fields such as high-accuracy differential positioning services, general data exchange formats, and positioning information output protocols.
（四）推动发展成果惠及全球
4. Enabling BDS Development to Benefit the Whole World
中国不断推进北斗产品、服务和产业国际应用的深度和广度，加速北斗规模应用国际化进程，助力全球经济社会发展和民生改善，增进世界人民福祉。
China is working to expand and extend the international application of BDS products, services and industries, and accelerate the large-scale application of BDS worldwide, for the purpose of boosting economic and social development and improving public wellbeing across the globe.
提升北斗产品国际贡献。推动芯片、模块、终端等北斗产品加速融入国际产业体系，对接国际需求、对标国际水准、发挥特色优势，融入本地产业，服务转型升级，促进经济社会发展。
Increasing the contribution of BDS products to the world. China is speeding up the integration of BDS products such as chips, modules and terminals into the international industrial system, enabling them to meet international requirements and align with international standards. Efforts are also made to give full play to the unique strengths of BDS products and enable them to integrate into local industries, upgrade services, and boost economic and social development.
促进北斗服务海外落地。建立卫星导航国际应用服务体系，合作共建卫星导航服务平台，联合推动国际搜救、短报文通信、星基增强、地基增强等特色服务国际应用，满足国际用户多样化应用需求。
Promoting BDS services overseas. China has set up an international satellite navigation application and service network, and joined with other countries to build satellite navigation service platforms and provide international services and applications such as global search and rescue, short message communication, satellite-based augmentation, and ground-based augmentation to meet the diverse demands of global users.
深化应用产业国际合作。开展卫星导航应用技术研发和产业合作，建立海外北斗应用产业促进中心，培育卫星导航产业基础。加大与东盟、阿盟、非盟、拉共体等区域组织合作力度，发布智慧城市、公共安全、精准农业、数字交通、防灾减灾等北斗应用解决方案，在亚洲、非洲、拉美等地区重点示范应用。
Expanding international cooperation on satellite navigation. China engages in active cooperation with other countries and international organizations on technology R&D and the satellite navigation industry. It has set up overseas BDS application and industrialization promotion centers, and strives to build solid foundations for the satellite navigation industry. It is strengthening cooperation with regional organizations such as ASEAN, the African Union, the League of Arab States, and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, and releasing BDS-based solutions in the fields of smart cities, public security, precision agriculture, digital transport, and disaster prevention and mitigation, which are being piloted in Asia, Africa, and Latin America.
结束语
Conclusion
探索宇宙时空，是中华民族的千年梦想。从夜观“北斗”到建用“北斗”，从仰望星空到经纬时空，中国北斗未来可期、大有可为。中国将坚定不移走自主创新之路，以下一代北斗系统为核心，建设更加泛在、更加融合、更加智能的综合时空体系，书写人类时空文明新篇章。
To explore the cosmos has been the dream of the Chinese nation for millennia. From observing Beidou (Chinese pinyin for the Big Dipper) to developing and using BDS, from gazing at the stars to utilizing the space, the Chinese people have shown their great potential and created a promising future. China is committed to independent innovation, building a comprehensive spatiotemporal system that is more extensive, more integrated, and more intelligent on the next generation of BDS, and continuing to advance human progress in exploring the universe.
宇宙广袤，容得下各国共同开发利用；星海浩瀚，需要全人类合作探索。中国愿同各国共享北斗系统建设发展成果，共促世界卫星导航事业蓬勃发展，携手迈向更加广阔的星辰大海，为构建人类命运共同体、建设更加美好的世界作出新的更大贡献。
The universe is vast enough to accommodate exploration and utilization by all countries; by the same token, it demands global cooperation. China is ready to share its achievements in developing BDS, and it will work with all countries to promote the development of navigation satellite systems, venture into deeper space, and make an even greater contribution to building a global community of shared future and a better world.
