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今天公主号“高斋外刊双语精读”给大家分享三个经济学人中“代名词”的英语表达,同时讲一些经济学人中高频句型。多积累地道表达,写作和翻译水平才能不断提升。所有粉丝,不要犹豫,学它!
01
Be synonymous with
经济学人例句1:
Schio soon became synonymous with high-quality textiles, which were exported all over Europe and beyond.
斯基奥很快成为高品质纺织品的代名词,产品出口到整个欧洲以及世界各地。
这里面的became synonymous with相当于was synonymous with,注意介词搭配是with。
从这句话还可以学到all over Europe and beyond这个表达,含义是“欧洲以及世界各地”,类似的“中国及全世界”就可以借用这个表达翻译为all over China and beyond。
经济学人例句2:
For outsiders, FedEx is synonymous with the business it pioneered: the overnight delivery of packages.
对行外人而言,联邦快递(FedEx)是它所开创的次日达快递业务的代名词。
从这句话还可以学到pioneer这个动词的用法,含义是“开创;倡导”。作动词的时候,pioneer一般指的是在某一个具体领域发挥先锋或者倡导作用。
例如,a new technique pioneered by surgeons in a London hospital由伦敦一家医院外科医生开发使用的新技术。
Pioneer还可以当名词,比如高斋CATTI和MTI班我讲过这句:
这些开拓事业之所以名垂青史,是因为使用的不是战马和长矛,而是驼队和善意;依靠的不是坚船和利炮,而是宝船和友谊。
These pioneers won their place in history not as conquerors with warships, guns or swords. Rather, they are remembered as friendly emissaries leading camel caravans and sailing treasure-loaded ships.
这里我顺便提下“处于领先地位”和“率先干某事”的表达,这两个可是CATTI和MTI汉译英中很高频的表达:
“处于领先地位”可以说sb lead sp in sth或when it comes to sth, sb lead sp. 如金融时报这句:
We lead the world in online retailing and advertising.
在在线零售和广告方面,我们全球领先。
这句其实也可以改为
When it comes to online retailing and advertising, we lead the world.“率先干某事”可以说take the lead in doing sth,例如金融时报例句:
Active fiscal policy will soon take the lead in stimulating the economy.
积极财政政策很快将在刺激经济方面发挥带头作用。
还比如19年11月CATTI三笔汉译英真题这句:
杭州作为著名旅游城市,又率先实践“旅游外交”。
Hangzhou, a renowned tourist city, again took the lead in implementing the policy.
我们也有见这个用法:
Alipay, the financial arm of e-commerce giant Alibaba, has been leading the charge in China with devices already in 100 cities.
中国电商巨头阿里巴巴旗下金融部门支付宝(Alipay)已经在全国100个城市率先推出了刷脸支付服务。
has been leading the charge in China也可以说has taken the lead in rolling out facial recognition payment technology in China.
我们学习英语或翻译,要多联系之前学过的东西,比如看到这个,我又想起了去年高斋CATTI和MTI翻译班讲过的19年6月CATTI二笔英译汉真题,其中有“spearhead率先发起”这个单词:
...has spearheaded a brand of school reform...
……率先发起了教育改革……
02
a synonym for
经济学人例句:
Where once “prosperous” was a synonym for overweight, being fit (and thin with it) is a marker of status.
“丰满”一度是超重的代名词,保持健美(或瘦)是身份的标志。
从这句话还可以学到,Overweight“超重”,a marker of“……的标志”,也可以说a symbol of。
03
a proxy for
经济学人例句1:
Supercomputers have long been considered a proxy for national competitiveness in science and technology.
超级计算机长期以来一直是国家科技竞争力的代名词。
从这句话还可以学到“某方面的竞争力”competitiveness后面跟的介词是in。
consider“认为”,可以说consider as,不过as也可以不加。
经济学人例句2:
For better or worse, 5g has become a proxy for superpowerdom.
不管是好是坏,5G已成为超级大国的代名词。
经济学人例句3:
If water is a proxy for life itself, it is perhaps not surprising that worries about the health and availability of supplies here on Earth can take on apocalyptic overtones.
如果水是生命本身的代名词,那么对地球上水质和水供应量的担忧会带着世界末日的意味或许也就不足为奇了。
从这句话还可以学到take on apocalyptic overtones
其中,
take>In some works, flowers take on a powerful emblematic quality.
在一些作品中,花具有强烈的象征意义。
Apocalyptic 英 [əˌpɒkəˈlɪptɪk] 美 [əˌpɑːkəˈlɪptɪk] 描述(历史)大动乱的;预示(未来)大灾变的;像世界末日的。
overtone弦外之音;言外之意;暗示。
所以,take on apocalyptic overtones
外刊例句4:
Poor general health was most often reported by those who appear to be struggling or suffering. Poor mental health came second, followed by inequality of income, unemployment and limited social contact, which the authors used as a proxy for loneliness.
身体状况不佳是受访者苦苦挣扎或备受煎熬的最主要原因。其次是心理健康状况不佳,然后是收入不平等、失业和社交有限(报告中将“有限社交”视为孤独的代名词)。
从这句话还可以学到表示“次序”的表达,“最主要的”sth be most often reported by;“其次”sth came second;“然后是”followed by。这个是很好的英语写作和翻译句型,大家可以记住,平时可以尝试使用。
这里,我们需要注意report的用法,这个单词除了可以作名词,表示报告,还可以作动词,可以表示“公布”,如100元31篇外刊翻译班(课程购买请关注公主号高斋云课堂):
FedEx and DHL are expected to report similarly buoyant results next month.
联邦快递(FedEx)和DHL预计下月也会公布同样令人振奋的业绩。
Report还有其他的意思,在调查报告中很常见,表示“称”,可以引出受访者说的话或提到的内容,如这句主动的话就是those most often reported poor general health,也就是说这些人提到最多的是poor general health。
所以,如果你想表达“西方国家的年轻人承受着越来越大的压力”,就可以这样说:
Young people were increasingly reporting higher stress levels around the western world.(卫报)
今天就分享这么多,这些都是英语写作和翻译中经常使用的句型,大家多积累哦!新年快乐,愿我们不负韶华!