今天公众号“高斋翻硕”给大家分享2021年上海对外经贸大学MTI翻硕真题汉译英的单词解析，原文节选自胡伟希的文章《范仲淹》，译文出自刘士聪编译的《英汉汉英美文翻译与鉴赏》。
这篇是考生回忆版，试题可能会有删减或改动。部分译文属于编译，和原文顺序并不是一一对应的，所以有的讲解会两句合在一起。
第一段原文：范仲淹，生于公元989年，卒于公元1052年。字希文。江苏徐州人。宋代文学家、政治家。
Fan Zhongyan (989--1052) of Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, was a celebrated man of letters and statesman of the Song Dynasty.
1. celebrated [ˈselɪbreɪtɪd] adj. 著名的；闻名的；驰名的。如柯林斯词典上有这么一句话：
He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England.
2. man of letters 文人；作家。如剑桥词典上有这么一句话：
Shakespeare was perhaps Britain's greatest man of letters.
3. statesman [ˈsteɪtsmən] n. 政治家。如柯林斯词典上有这么一句话：
He was the prototype of the elder statesman.
4. the Song Dynasty 宋代，宋朝。
范仲淹少年时代读书非常刻苦，常常一人彻夜伴灯苦读。清贫的生活并没有动摇他矢志求学的决心，他在书本中寻找生活的乐趣。为了见更大的世面，向名师求教，和饱学之士交游，他二十三岁时来到宋代著名的四大书院之一的应天府书院。范仲淹在这里向名师请教，和许多同学相互切磋，大量地阅读了书院丰富的藏书，顿觉眼界大开。这一时期的学习生活为他以后成为一个精通儒家经典、博学多才又擅长诗文的学者奠定了基础。
He was born in a poor family, but the restraint of life did not blunt his will to learn. In his childhood he was very diligent in reading. He would read all night through, trying to discover the meaning of life in books. Urged by his desire to go and see the rest of the world and study with learned scholars, at the age of twenty-three he went to Yingtianfu Academy, one of the four famous academies of the Song Dynasty, where he worked with established scholars and exchanged ideas with his fellow students. He had read a large portion of the Academy's collection, as a result of which he greatly extended his breadth of vision. His student life at the Academy paved the road along which he eventually became an erudite scholar.
第一、二句：范仲淹少年时代读书非常刻苦，常常一人彻夜伴灯苦读。清贫的生活并没有动摇他矢志求学的决心，他在书本中寻找生活的乐趣。
He was born in a poor family, but the restraint of life did not blunt his will to learn. In his childhood he was very diligent in reading. He would read all night through, trying to discover the meaning of life in books.
1. restraint [rɪˈstreɪnt] n. 约束力；管制措施；制约因素；控制；限制；穷困。
2. blunt [blʌnt] v. 使减弱；使降低效应；使（尖端、刃）变钝。如牛津词典上有这么一句话：
Age hadn't blunted his passion for adventure.
3. diligent [ˈdɪlɪdʒənt] adj. 孜孜不倦的；勤勉的；刻苦的。如汉英大词典上有这么一句话：
For the future, try to be more diligent in your work.
4. the meaning of life 生活的乐趣，人生的意义。
第三、四句：为了见更大的世面，向名师求教，和饱学之士交游，他二十三岁时来到宋代著名的四大书院之一的应天府书院。范仲淹在这里向名师请教，和许多同学相互切磋，大量地阅读了书院丰富的藏书，顿觉眼界大开。
Urged by his desire to go and see the rest of the world and study with learned scholars, at the age of twenty-three he went to Yingtianfu Academy, one of the four famous academies of the Song Dynasty, where he worked with established scholars and exchanged ideas with his fellow students. He had read a large portion of the Academy's collection, as a result of which he greatly extended his breadth of vision.
1. urge [ɜːrdʒ] v. 敦促；催促；力劝；大力推荐；竭力主张；驱赶；鞭策。如汉英大词典例句：
He was urged by his conscience.
2. go and see the rest of the world 见更大的世面。如外刊interview magazine上有这么一句话：
But a lot of people in Belfast said to me, “You should go,” because you should train and it means you can go and see the rest of the world.
但是贝尔法斯特的很多人对我说，“你应该去”。你应该参加训练，这意味着你可以去多见见世面。
3. academy [əˈkædəmi] n. 专科院校；（艺术、文学、科学等的）研究院，学会；（苏格兰）中等学校；（美国）私立学校。如牛津词典上有这么一句话：
The Academy excluded women from its classes.
4. established [ɪˈstæblɪʃt] adj. 已确立的；已获确认的；确定的；著名的；成名的；公认的；成为国教的。如经济学人上有这么一句话：
Just the opposite: the more often an established prize goes to a dubious candidate the more valued it becomes.
然而事实恰恰相反：越把著名的奖颁给不被看好的候选人，就越抬高了它的价值。
5. extend one’s breadth of vision 让某人眼界大开。
第五句：这一时期的学习生活为他以后成为一个精通儒家经典、博学多才又擅长诗文的学者奠定了基础。
His student life at the Academy paved the road along which he eventually became an erudite scholar.
1. pave the road 铺平道路，奠定基础。如CNN上有这么一句话：
They paved the road for me, Jordan says.
2. erudite [ˈerudaɪt] adj. 博学的；有学问的。如柯林斯词典上有这么一句话：
He was never dull, always erudite and well informed.
范仲淹一生在教育方面也很有成绩。他常说：国家之忧患，莫大于人才。学校是培养人才的地方，只有办好了学校，才能使天下得到治理。他曾多次建议朝廷要“劝天下之学，育天下之才”。在地方官任上，他总是倾注大量心血在办学事业上。他主持的“庆历新政”中就有教育方面的改革。他对一些有为青年非常爱惜和关心。
Fan Zhongyan was also an established educator. "The greatest concern of the country," he would say, "is the training of talents and talents are trained at schools. If priority is given to the running of schools, the country will be put in order." He repeatedly suggested to the court that "education be encouraged and talents trained nation wide". While he served office as a local magistrate, he had made painstaking efforts to boost education.? In the "New Policies of the Reign of Qingli" which he was in charge of drafting, there were several sections regarding educational reform. He loved and cared for talented young people.
第一、二、三句：范仲淹一生在教育方面也很有成绩。他常说：国家之忧患，莫大于人才。学校是培养人才的地方，只有办好了学校，才能使天下得到治理。
Fan Zhongyan was also an established educator. "The greatest concern of the country," he would say, "is the training of talents and talents are trained at schools. If priority is given to the running of schools, the country will be put in order."
1. concern [kənˈsɜːrn] n. （尤指许多人共同的）担心，忧虑；关爱；关心；（对人、组织等）重要的事情。如牛津词典上有这么一句话：
The government's primary concern is to reduce crime.
2. the running of schools 办学，管理学校。如外交部官网上有这么一句话：
Both sides should continue expanding exchanges and cooperation in the areas of education and culture, and encourage joint running of schools and increase the exchanges of students.
在教育和文化方面，要继续扩大交流与合作，鼓励联合办学和增派留学生。
3. put in order 整理，安排妥当，治理，管理。如柯林斯词典上有这么一句话：
The challenge for American leadership is this: Can we put our economic house in order?
美国领导层面临的挑战是：我们能否管理好自己的经济问题？
第四句：他曾多次建议朝廷要“劝天下之学，育天下之才”。
He repeatedly suggested to the court that "education be encouraged and talents trained nation wide".
1. repeatedly [rɪˈpiːtɪdli] adv. 重复地；反复地；再三地。如柯林斯词典上有这么一句话：
I apologized repeatedly, but to little avail.
2. court [kɔːrt] n. 法庭；全体出庭人员；（尤指）全体审判人员；（网球等的）球场，宫廷。如中国日报上有这么一句话：
Since the earliest beginning of the Song Dynasty, this porridge has been popular in the royal court, local authorities, temples and common families.
最早开始于宋代，每逢腊八这一天，不论是朝廷、官府、寺院还是黎民百姓家都要做腊八粥。
第五句：在地方官任上，他总是倾注大量心血在办学事业上。
While he served office as a local magistrate, he had made painstaking efforts to boost education.
1. serve office as 担任……职位。
2. magistrate [ˈmædʒɪstreɪt] n. 地方执法官。如柯林斯词典上有这么一句话：
He was wanted for the murder of a magistrate.
3. make painstaking efforts to do sth 努力做某事，倾注心血做某事。如CGTN官网有这么一句话：
Wildlife photographers make painstaking efforts to give us a rare glimpse of the animal kingdom.
野生动物摄影师倾注了大量心血，才让我们看到动物王国里珍贵的画面。
第六、七句：他主持的“庆历新政”中就有教育方面的改革。他对一些有为青年非常爱惜和关心。
In the "New Policies of the Reign of Qingli" which he was in charge of drafting, there were several sections regarding educational reform. He loved and cared for talented young people.
1. the "New Policies of the Reign of Qingli “庆历新政”。
2. in charge of 负责看护；掌管；看管或经营；指导。如汉英大词典上有这么一句话：
He is in charge of the task.
3. draft [dræft] v. 起草；草拟；选派；抽调。如柯林斯词典上有这么一句话：
The legislation was drafted by House Democrats.
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