今天公众号“高斋翻硕”给大家分享欧内斯特·米勒尔·海明威（Ernest Miller Hemingway）的小说《老人与海》（The Old man and the Sea）节选的单词解析，译文黄源深的版本。

《老人与海》围绕一位老年渔夫与一条巨大的鲨鱼在湾流中的搏斗而展开。海明威笔下的老人是悲剧性的，但他体现了海明威的人生哲学和道德理想，即不向命运低头，永不服输的斗士精神和积极乐观的人生态度。

原文

It was too good to last, he thought. I wish it had been a dream now and that I had never hooked the fish and was alone in bed on the newspapers. “But man is not made for defeat,” he said. “A man can be destroyed but not defeated.” I am sorry that I killed the fish though, he thought. Now the bad time is coming and I do not even have the harpoon. The dentuso is cruel and able and strong and intelligent. But I was more intelligent than he was. Perhaps not, he thought. Perhaps I was only better armed.

黄源深译文

好景不长，他想。我现在真希望这是一场梦，希望我根本没有钓到过这条鱼，希望独个儿在床上躺在报纸上。“但是人不是为失败而生的”，他说，“一个人可以被毁灭，却不能被打败”。“不过我还是很难过，我竟宰了这条鱼, 他想。现在困难的时刻就要来临，而我连鱼叉也没有了”。登土鲨血腥、能干、强壮、聪明。不过我比它还聪明。也许不是这样，他想。也许只不过是我比它武装得更好而已。

单词解析

第一、二句：It was too good to last, he thought. I wish it had been a dream now and that I had never hooked the fish and was alone in bed on the newspapers.

好景不长，他想。我现在真希望这是一场梦，希望我根本没有钓到过这条鱼，希望独个儿在床上躺在报纸上。

1. last [læst] v. 持续；继续；延续；继续存在；持续起作用；持久；（在困境等中）坚持下去；超越（困境等）。如牛津词典上有这么一句话：

Each game lasts about an hour.

每场比赛约一小时。

2. hook [hʊk] v.（使）钩住，挂住；（尤指用腿、胳膊、手指等）钩住，箍住；钓（鱼）。如柯林斯词典上有这么一句话：

At the first cast I hooked a huge fish.

第一次抛下钓线，我就钓了一条大鱼。

3. alone [əˈloʊn] adj. 独自；独力；单独；孤苦伶仃；无依无靠；孤独；寂寞。如柯林斯词典上有这么一句话：

There is nothing so fearful as to be alone in a combat situation.

没有比孤身奋战更可怕的了。

第三、四句：“But man is not made for defeat,” he said. “A man can be destroyed but not defeated.”

“但是人不是为失败而生的”，他说，“一个人可以被毁灭， 却不能被打败”。

1. be made for 为……而生，为……而做。如汉英大词典上有这么一句话：

All efforts are not made for nothing.

功不唐捐。

2. destroy [dɪˈstrɔɪ] v. 摧毁；毁灭；破坏；（因动物有病或不再需要而）杀死，消灭，如牛津词典上有这么一句话：

Many a good man has been destroyed by drink.

许多好人都毁在了饮酒上。

3. defeat [dɪˈfiːt] v. 击败；战胜；使困惑；难住；使失败；阻挠；挫败。如柯林斯词典上有这么一句话：

The team defeated their opponents.

这个球队将对手一一击败。

第五、六句：I am sorry that I killed the fish though, he thought. Now the bad time is coming and I do not even have the harpoon.

“不过我还是很难过，我竟宰了这条鱼, 他想。现在困难的时刻就要来临，而我连鱼叉也没有了”。

1. sorry [ˈsɑːri] adj. 难过；惋惜；同情；歉疚；惭愧；过意不去；后悔；遗憾；不忍。如汉英大词典上有这么一句话：

I am sorry to hear of your serious illness.

得悉病重，甚感难过。

2. harpoon [hɑːrˈpuːn] n. 渔猎标枪；鱼叉。如柯林斯词典上有这么一句话：

They tried to get the harpoon into the ray before the sting tail came lashing over to retaliate.

他们试图把鱼叉刺进鳐鱼体内，以防它猛摆那蜇人的尾巴报复。

第七、八句：The dentuso is cruel and able and strong and intelligent. But I was more intelligent than he was.

登土鲨血腥、能干、强壮、聪明。不过我比它还聪明。

1. dentuso  西班牙语，一般音译为登土鲨，登多索鲨。

2. cruel [ˈkruːəl] adj. 残酷的；冷酷的；残忍的；残暴的；引起痛苦的。如牛津词典上有这么一句话：

It saddened her that people could be so cruel.

人竟能如此残忍，这让她痛心。

3. intelligent [ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt]  adj. 有才智的；悟性强的；聪明的；有智力的；有理解和学习能力的；智能的。如牛津词典上有这么一句话：

She was not only intelligent but also very musical.

她不仅聪明，而且极具音乐天分。

第九、十句：Perhaps not, he thought. Perhaps I was only better armed.

也许不是这样，他想。也许只不过是我比它武装得更好而已。

1. perhaps [pərˈhæps] adv. 可能；大概；也许。如牛津词典上有这么一句话：

Perhaps, unconsciously, I've done something to offend her.

我也许无意中做了什么得罪她的事。

2. arm [ɑːrm] v. 武装；装备；备战；给…装上引信；打开…的保险；准备发射；使（炸弹等）随时爆炸。如牛津词典上有这么一句话：

This was the first time he had confronted an armed robber.

这是他第一次面对一个武装劫匪。

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