每周热词回顾(8.13—8.20)
月球探测器已经出到嫦娥四号了,你知道了吗?微博上热议的生育基金是什么,谁提出来的,你对此有什么看法?天价片酬如何用英语来表达?开外挂是怎么个开外挂法?本周热词告诉你……
每周热词榜,一次过把本周热词背完,轻松掌握每周最新最热新闻词汇!
1
The Chang'e 4 嫦娥四号
Chinese scientists unveiled their latest lunar probe, the Chang'e 4, on Wednesday, saying it will be launched in December on a mission to land on the far side of the moon.
15日,我国科学家揭开了新一代月球探测器嫦娥四号的面纱,并表示嫦娥四号将于12月发射并执行在月球背面着陆的任务。
探月工程(lunar exploration program)嫦娥四号任务月球车(rover)全球征名活动启动仪式15日在京举行,由中国航天科技集团有限公司抓总研制的嫦娥四号着陆器(lander)和月球车外观设计构型首次公开。探月工程嫦娥四号任务计划于今年12月实施,将首次实现人类探测器(probe)在月球背面(far side of the moon)软着陆(soft landing)和巡视勘察(patrol survey)。
嫦娥四号月球车呈长方形盒状,长1.5米,宽1米,高1.1米。肩部有两片可以打开的太阳能电池帆板,腿部则是六个轮状的移动装置。据中国探月工程总设计师吴伟仁介绍,嫦娥四号月球车基本继承了"玉兔号"的外形和状态(largely keep the shape and conditions of its predecessor, Yutu, or Jade Rabbit),但针对月球背面复杂的地形条件、中继通信(relay communication)新的需求和科学目标实际需要(the actual needs of the scientific objectives),作了适应性更改和有效载荷配置(payload configuration)调整。
吴伟仁表示,嫦娥四号月球车总重量约140公斤,将是全球迄今重量最小的月球车。月球车上搭载的测月雷达(lunar penetrating radar)设置了两个不同频段,借助其探测出的数据,研究人员可以绘制出第一幅月球背面剖面图(first geologic cross-section of the moon's far side)。
2
the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 2019财年国防授权法案
美国总统特朗普13日在纽约州一处军事基地签署国会参议院和众议院通过的2019财年国防授权法案(the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019)。
The act includes clauses such as directing a whole-of-government strategy on China and submitting the assessment and plan on strengthening Taiwan's force readiness.
该法案包含要求制定“全政府对华战略”、就加强台军战备提交评估和计划等条款。
外交部发言人陆慷14日在答问时说,中方对美方不顾中方坚决反对执意通过并签署“2019财年国防授权法案”表示强烈不满,敦促美方摒弃冷战思维和零和博弈理念(to abandon its Cold War thinking and zero-sum mindset),正确客观看待中国和中美关系,恪守一个中国原则和中美三个联合公报规定(to uphold the one-China policy and joint communiques made by both countries),不得实施有关涉华消极条款。
国防部新闻发言人吴谦14日也就美方签署“2019财年国防授权法案”发表谈话。吴谦说,
该法案涉华内容充斥冷战思维,渲染中美对抗,干涉中国内政,违反一个中国原则和中美三个联合公报规定。
The China-related contents in that act are filled with a cold-war mentality, advocating confrontations between the two countries and interfering with China's internal affairs.The related contents are violations to the one-China principle and the stipulations in the three joint communiques between China and the United States.
中国军队对此坚决反对,并已向美方提出严正交涉。
Chinese armed forces firmly oppose the contents and have lodged solemn representations with the US side.
台湾是中国的一部分。台湾问题事关中国主权和领土完整,是中美关系中最重要、最敏感的核心问题。
Taiwan is a part of China and the Taiwan issue, concerning China's sovereignty and territorial integrity, is the most important and sensitive issue in China-US relations.
我们坚决反对任何国家与台湾开展任何形式的官方往来和军事联系,这一立场坚定明确。我们绝不允许任何人、在任何时候、以任何形式把台湾从中国分裂出去。
Wu reiterated the resolute opposition to any form of official or military contact between any country and Taiwan, and stressed that "We will never allow anyone, at any time or in any form, to separate Taiwan from China."
我们敦促美方恪守在台湾问题上向中方作出的承诺,恪守一个中国原则和中美三个联合公报规定,慎重处理涉台问题,以免损害中美两国两军关系和台海和平稳定。
Wu called on the United States to adhere to the one-China principle and the stipulations in the three joint communiques between China and the United States, and handle Taiwan-related issues prudently, so as to avoid damaging China-US relations, the military ties or the peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait.
国台办发言人马晓光14日表示,
我们坚决反对美方与台湾地区进行任何形式的官方往来和军事联系,坚决反对美对台售武。
We resolutely oppose any form of official or military contact between the United States and Taiwan, including US arms sales to Taiwan.
我们敦促美方不得实施上述法案涉台消极条款,避免对中美关系大局和台海和平稳定造成损害。
The spokesperson urged the United States not to implement the Taiwan-related clauses so as to avoid damaging China-US relations and peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait.
我们也正告民进党当局,挟洋自重必将损害台湾民众的利益。
We also sternly warn the Democratic Progressive Party administration that relying on foreigners to build yourself up will damage the interests of Taiwan residents.
3
Childbirth Fund 生育基金
The proposal of setting up a childbirth fund to cover expenses of families having second child has drawn a wave of criticism.
一项关于设立生育基金、覆盖家庭生育二胎的支出的提议引起了广泛的批评。
江苏省委机关报《新华日报》14日发表的《提高生育率:新时代中国人口发展的新任务》一文引发热议。文章建议,40岁以下公民不论男女,每年必须以工资的一定比例缴纳生育基金(childbirth fund)。家庭在生育第二胎时,可申请取出生育基金,作为育儿贴补(families having a second baby are allowed to draw money from the fund as subsidy for their child rearing)。如公民未生育二孩,账户资金则待退休时再行取出(if a family does not have a second child, it can withdraw the money deposited in the fund upon retirement)。
此文在社交媒体上引发了网友和学者们的一致抨击(draw a wave of criticism from internet users and scholars)。独立人口学者(demographer)何亚福表示,国人已缴纳了较高的社保费(pay a relatively high level of social insurance premiums),约占总收入的39%,如果再加上一项生育基金支出,会令许多家庭负担更重。他表示,国家鼓励生育应在税收、教育、医疗等方面切实减轻多生孩子家庭的养育负担。
4
Sky-High Remuneration of Stars 天价片酬
Three major online movie and television platforms Youku, iQIYI and Tencent along with six major movie and television production companies including Huace Media have issued a statement on curbing the sky-high remuneration of stars.
优酷、爱奇艺和腾讯3家主要在线影视平台以及华策影视等6家主要影视制作公司联合发布声明,抵制明星天价片酬。
天价片酬(sky-high remuneration of stars)之所以饱受指责,主要是演员的收入与影视剧质量不成正比。主要演员的不合理片酬(unreasonable payment of lead actors and actresses)挤压了影视剧的其他制作费用(squeeze the money spent on other production costs),耗费巨资拍摄的影视剧最终成了口碑低劣的烂片(flop)。制作方习惯依靠流量明星来获得好的票房回报,而不是将功夫花在影视剧质量上。
9家公司的这则联合声明再次将明星天价片酬推上娱乐风口。声明为演员片酬设定了上限(stipulate the maximum paychecks actors and actresses can receive)。未来所有演员总片酬不得超过各公司制作的影视剧总预算(overall budget)的40%,主要演员(starring actors and actress)片酬不得超过演员总片酬的70%。这些公司还对单个演员的片酬设限(set salary caps on the remuneration of a single actor or actress),要求其电视剧总片酬(含税)最高不得超过5000万元,单集片酬不得超过100万元。
5
Plug-In 外挂
Chinese ride-hailing giant Didi Chuxing announced on Thursday it has removed a plug-in that used to double the cost of a ride.
国内叫车巨头滴滴出行16日宣布,已将一款"让车费翻倍"的外挂打掉。
此前有媒体报道称,有滴滴快车司机使用"外挂(plug-in)",增加实际费用,可使乘客定位的费用翻倍甚至更多。通过使用外挂,司机可以改变车辆在滴滴出行应用上的正常导航和行驶路线(change the vehicles' normal orientations and driving courses)。报道称,这款外挂还能让滴滴司机通过设定具体的出发或目的地对订单进行筛选(filter orders by specific departures or destinations),获得长途行程的订单,使司机有更多针对大额车费加倍获利的机会。
据了解,目前安装这款作弊器(cheating program)的司机已无法使用,作弊司机悉数被封。滴滴出行相关负责人表示,目前网约车行业作弊器有数十种,滴滴上线了反作弊策略来识别作弊应用(launch a counter-measure system for detecting the cheating app),一旦确认立即封号处理(block any accounts identified to be using the plug-in),并依据作弊订单金额进行罚款。滴滴表示,外挂作弊行为损害了诚信经营司机和广大乘客的利益,平台对作弊行为绝不姑息(zero tolerance),将继续联合警方一起打击网络黑产(black industry),共同保护出行平台的健康生态。
6
the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area 粤港澳大湾区
中共中央政治局常委、国务院副总理、粤港澳大湾区建设领导小组组长韩正15日在北京人民大会堂主持召开粤港澳大湾区建设领导小组全体会议,深入学习贯彻习近平总书记关于粤港澳大湾区建设的重要讲话精神,讨论审议有关文件,研究部署下一阶段工作。
Development of the Greater Bay Area should uphold "one country, two systems" and strictly adhere to the national Constitution and the Basic Law-the constitutional documents of the Hong Kong and Macao SARs. Implementation of the Bay Area development must stay committed to the basis of "one country", and leverage well the benefits of "two systems", Han said.
韩正表示,推进大湾区建设,必须在“一国两制”框架内严格依照宪法和基本法办事,坚守“一国”之本,善用“两制”之利。
粤港澳大湾区(the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area)是指由香港、澳门两个特别行政区和广东省的广州、深圳、珠海、佛山、中山、东莞、肇庆、江门、惠州等九市组成的城市群(city cluster),是国家建设世界级城市群和参与全球竞争的重要空间载体,与美国纽约湾区、旧金山湾区和日本东京湾区比肩的世界四大湾区之一。
粤港澳大湾区建设是习近平总书记亲自谋划、亲自部署、亲自推动的国家战略(national strategy)。
习近平总书记在党的十九大报告中指出:
要支持香港、澳门融入国家发展大局,以粤港澳大湾区建设、粤港澳合作、泛珠三角区域合作等为重点,全面推进内地同香港、澳门互利合作,制定完善便利香港、澳门居民在内地发展的政策措施。
We will continue to support Hong Kong and Macao in integrating their own development into the overall development of the country. We will give priority to the development of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, cooperation between Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao, and regional cooperation in the pan-Pearl River Delta, thus fully advancing mutually beneficial cooperation between the mainland and the two regions. We will formulate and improve policies and measures to make it more convenient for people from Hong Kong and Macao to develop careers on the mainland.
韩正表示,要坚持新发展理念,充分发挥粤港澳综合优势(fully utilize the integrated advantages of Guangdong and the two SARs),建设富有活力和国际竞争力的一流湾区和世界级城市群(a vibrant world-class bay area and city cluster with international competitiveness),打造高质量发展的典范。
韩正强调,要以让老百姓得实惠为出发点和落脚点,实施好港澳居民证件便利化、进一步便利港澳居民到内地创业就业(providing better environment for Hong Kong and Macao residents to start businesses in the mainland)、大幅降低粤港澳通信漫游费用(reducing roaming fees by big margins in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao area)等政策措施。要积极吸引和对接全球创新资源,建设“广州-深圳-香港-澳门”科技创新走廊,打造大湾区国际科技创新中心(build an international tech innovation center at the area)。
7
Qixi Festival 七夕节
Qixi Festival, or Chinese Valentine's Day, which falls this Friday, will be a money-spinner for the hospitality and tourism sector in the country. According to data from major online travel agencies, those born after 1995 were driving festival consumption.
今年的七夕节恰逢周五(17日),国内酒店和旅游业纷纷借这一节日吸金。主要在线旅行社的数据显示,95后群体主导了此次的节日消费。
随着近年来传统文化(traditional culture)、传统节日越来越被人们所关注,被称为"中国情人节(Chinese Valentine's Day)"的七夕节(Qixi Festival)受欢迎程度持续走高,人气不亚于2月14日的西方情人节。由于今年七夕恰逢周五,情侣可以选择连同周末假期出行,七夕节酒店和旅游产品(tourism product)预订情况均表现火爆。根据携程、途牛等在线旅行社(online travel agency)的统计数据,95后群体(those born after 1995)成为今年七夕节酒店和旅游产品预订的主力军。
根据携程数据,今年七夕期间的酒店预订量(hotel bookings)同比上升了近200%。值得注意的是,女性在预订七夕节酒店时拿到了决定权,60%的订单由女性用户下单。而95后用户群体更是异军突起,贡献了近半数的预订量(contribute to nearly half of the reservations)。在酒店种类的选择上,95后们也显得不拘一格。艺术酒店、主题酒店(theme hotel)等大受欢迎,和舒适度相比,他们更倾向于选择在社交网络(social networks)上走红的打着个性烙印的"网红酒店"。途牛数据显示,在出境游方面,除了伦敦、布拉格、京都、巴黎和马德里等火爆的境外目的地(outbound destination),马尔代夫、普吉、斐济、巴厘等对国内游客实行免签或落地签政策(visa-free or visa-on-arrival policy)的海岛在年轻情侣中也颇受欢迎。
来源:中国日报网