1980年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
Section I Use of Prepositions
在所给的介词中选择一个适当的填入空白：（本大题共5分，每题2分）（注意：各题只能填写一个答案，多填答案不得分）
to, at, instead of, from, of, with, on, among, between, because of, about, for into, with regard to, over
1. The findings are far ________ satisfactory.
2. We shall divide the work ________ us research workers.
3. The rainy season in that country varies ________ 3 - 4 months.
4. They have never heard ________ such an invention.
5. We must pay attention ________ the latest development of the situation.
6. The newly-installed control computer will soon be put ________ use.
7. The news which I am going to tell you ________ is rather serious.
8. The engineer seemed to know what the sign stood ________.
9. The machine tool went out of control ________ mishandling.
10. Don’t be satisfied ________ what you have achieved.
Section II Verb Tenses
用所给动词的适当时态语态填入空白：（本大题共10分，第7题2分，其余各题均1分）（注意：各题只能填写一个答案，多填答案不得分）
11. Those who’d like to visit the exhibition ________ (sign) your names here.（were defeated/had been defeated）
12. A great number of small power stations ________ (set up) in their county since liberation.（were defeated/had been defeated）
13. He asked me whether my brother ________ (fly) to Beijing.（were defeated/had been defeated）
14. He fell asleep immediately last night; he must ________ (be) very tired.（were defeated/had been defeated）
15. “Have you moved into the new flat?”
“Not yet. The rooms ________ (paint).”（were defeated/had been defeated）
16. The director recommended that she ________ (study) more English before going abroad.（were defeated/had been defeated）
17. The teacher told them since light ________ (travel) faster than sound, lightning ________ (appear) to go before thunder.（were defeated/had been defeated）
18. How long ________ they ________ (dig) the ditch?（were defeated/had been defeated）
19. He refused to tell us whether he ________ (undertake) the job.（were defeated/had been defeated）
Section III Verb Forms
用所给动词的适当形式（不定式、分词、动名词）填入空白：（本大题共15分，每题2分）（注意：各题只能填写一个答案，多填答案不得分）
20. Matter is the name ________ (give) to everything which has weight and occupies space.（were defeated/had been defeated）
21. I shall never forget ________ (meet) the late Premier Zhou during his inspection of our factory.（were defeated/had been defeated）
22. I wonder if he could get it ________ (do) before tomorrow.（were defeated/had been defeated）
23. Night ________ (fall), we hurried home.（were defeated/had been defeated）
24. A beam of light will not bend round corners unless ________ (make) to do so with the help of a reflecting device.（were defeated/had been defeated）
25. We were busy ________ (get) things ready for the trial production when he phoned us.（were defeated/had been defeated）
26. Some molecules are large enough ________ (see) under the electronic microscope.（were defeated/had been defeated）
27. The floor does not look so bad when ________ (sweep) clean.（were defeated/had been defeated）
28. ________ (fail) several times, they need some encouragement.（were defeated/had been defeated）
29. ________ (catch) in the rain, he was wet to the skin.
Section IV Structure and Vocabulary
选择填空：（本大题共15分，每题1分）在每题下面的[A], [B], [C], [D]四个答案中，将你认为最合适的答案画个“〇”。（注意：各题只能填写一个答案，多填答案不得分）
EXAMPLE:
He ________ me that he decided to leave on Monday.
[A] spoke
[B] said
[C] talked
[D] told
ANSWER: [D]
30. This test ________ a number of multiple choice questions.
[A] composes of
[B] composes in
[C] consists of（C）
[D] consists in
31. She writes as ________ as her sister.
[A] clear
[B] more clear
[C] clearly（C）
[D] most clearly
32. I prefer this diagram ________ that one.
[A] than
[B] more than
[C] rather than（C）
[D] to
33. I have been studying here for four years, by next summer I ________.
[A] shall graduate
[B] shall be graduated
[C] shall be graduating（C）
[D] shall have graduated
34. Hardly had he finished his speech ________ the audience started cheering.
[A] and
[B] when
[C] than（C）
[D] as
35. I wish you ________ like that.
[A] don’t talk
[B] won’t talk
[C] wouldn’t talk（C）
[D] not to talk
36. Only when you have obtained sufficient data ________ come to a sound conclusion.
[A] can you
[B] would you
[C] you will（C）
[D] you can
37. I found ________ to answer all the questions within the time given.
[A] no possibility
[B] there was impossibility
[C] impossible（C）
[D] it impossible
38. You ________ go now. It’s getting late.
[A] had rather
[B] would rather
[C] had better（C）
[D] would better
39. Hot metal ________ as it grows cooler.
[A] contracts
[B] reduces
[C] condenses（C）
[D] compresses
40. Wood does not conduct electricity; ________.
[A] so doesn’t rubber
[B] also doesn’t rubber
[C] nor does rubber（C）
[D] nor rubber does
41. Comrade Li ________ be in Beijing because I saw him in town only a few minutes ago.
[A] mustn’t
[B] can’t
[C] may not（C）
[D] isn’t able to
42. I know it isn’t important but I can’t help ________ about it.
[A] but to think
[B] thinking
[C] think（C）
[D] to think
43. The more we looked at the picture, ________.
[A] the less we liked it
[B] we like it less
[C] better we liked it（C）
[D] it looked better
44. To succeed in a scientific research project ________.
[A] one needs to be persistent
[B] persistence is needed
[C] one needs be a persistent person（C）
[D] persistence is what one needs（were defeated/had been defeated）（were defeated/had been defeated）
Section V Error-detection
认辩错误：（本大题共5分，每题1分）下面句子中有 [A], [B], [C], [D]四处划线部分，在你认为是错误的一处画上“○”。（注意：各题只能填写一个答案，多填答案不得分）
EXAMPLE:
It is very kind ofA you to supply me withB soC many informationsD.
ANSWER: [D]
45. Never before hasA so manyB people inC our country been interested inD athletic sports.（[C] approve of）
46. ThoseA of us whoB workC in that chemical plant should have theirD lungs X-rayed.（[C] approve of）
47. AfterA the traffic accident he laidB in bed for two weeks, waiting forC his wound to healD.（[C] approve of）
48. We adviceA him to give upB smoking and doC a lot of exercisesD.（[C] approve of）
49. The principalA reason for the great numberB of smoke is that there areC too manyD factories in the city.（[C] approve of）
Section VI Chinese-English Translation
将下列句子译成英语：（本大题共20分，第1题2分，其余各题均3分）
50. 水一煮沸请立即把开关关掉。
51. 在八十年代，中国人民将以更大的步伐向前迈进。
52. 我们都同意李同志已作出的决定。
53. 这个结果比我们预期的要好得多。
54. 在过去的三年中，在恢复我国国民经济方面做了大量的工作。
55. 我们把英语作为学习西方先进科学技术的一种工具。
56. 没有党的领导，我国的社会主义现代化是不可能实现的。
Section VII English-Chinese Translation
将下列短文译成汉语：（本大题30分）（文科各类专业译第1段，理、工、医、农、体各类专业译第2段）
(1)
The life of Albert Einstein is a model in many ways for both natural and political scientists.
First of all, he always employed the scientific method of seeking truth from facts. He firmly believed as he put it, that “there is nothing incomprehensible about the universe,” and through painstaking work, explained many of the phenomena thought to be “incomprehensible” in his day. Einstein was also never afraid to admit mistakes when facts proved his theories wrong.
Second, Einstein’s contributions showed the great importance of theoretical work to scientific effort. Although he himself rarely worked in laboratories, the concepts he developed led to many of the scientific advances which have shaped modern technology.
Third, Einstein believed very deeply that scientists must have a moral and social consciousness. In this way, he provided inspiration for a whole generation of scientists who became active in the Communist movement.
Einstein is often portrayed in bourgeois writings as a “genius” whose theories are so complicated that no one but a few best scientists can understand them. But he himself rejected the efforts to put him in a position far above other people. He was well known for his humble manner and often stressed to interviewers that his accomplishments would certainly have been achieved by others had he never lived.
Actually, Einstein’s theory of relativity and his other scientific works are not that hard to understand with a little study. But beyond learning Einstein’s theories, his overall attitude towards science as a tool to liberate humanity is something from which everyone can and should learn.
(2)
Between now and the end of the century, there will be many exciting developments and also many difficult problems to deal with. Perhaps the most urgent problem is to provide enough food. The world’s population is expected to reach 7,000 million by the year 2000, but already scientists have produced new and better varieties of wheat and rice and animal. They have also been experimenting with techniques of cultivating plants by using mixtures of chemical compounds and water only, and then there will be no need for ordinary soil. Another problem which the world will face is to get rid of refuse (废料). One solution is to burn refuse at very high temperatures in incinerators (焚化炉). A development of this, which may prove very useful in the future, is to use these incinerators to generate steam power. In fact, any new source of energy will be very welcome, as there is already a shortage of petroleum. To solve the energy problem, scientists will probably also try to make more use of solar energy.
The possible effects of some scientific fields, such as lasers and cryogenics (低温学), are difficult to imagine and both already have a number of uses. The supercooling effects of the cryogenics which convert liquid helium (液态氦) and other gases into “superfluids” and metals into “superconductors”, making them non-resistant to electricity, could change the world in a number of ways. The laser, with its beam of strong light, can drill a hole in a diamond, and yet can be so well controlled that it can be used in delicate eye operations. The question is whether it will be most used for peaceful purposes or as a deadly weapon.
But perhaps the most remarkable developments will occur in space flight. One of the difficulties in the past has been the high cost, but now the space shuttle is being developed, and can be used a large number of times instead of only once. Already man has been to the moon. Perhaps by the end of the century he will have had a close-up view of Venus (金星) or Mars (火星).
